話題26科學家精神Ⅰ.閱讀理解GraduateSchemesCommercialBankingGraduateSchemeWehelpUK－basedclientstoinvestlocallyandtradeglobally，andadvisethemonwaystheycanmanagerisk.Toapplyforourscheme，youneeda2：1degreeoraboveinanydisciplinefromanyuniversity.Location：OurgraduateschemesarebasedinvariouscitiesaroundtheUK，includingLondon，Birmingham，EdinburghandBristol.WHATYOU’LLBEDOING◆Attendingclientmeetingstounderstandtheirneedsandofferingsolutionstosupportthem.◆ManagingtheGroup’sexposuretoriskandassessinginvestmentopportunities.RiskManagementGraduateSchemeIfyouareeagertolearnhowanationalorganizationprotectsitselfanditscustomersfromdifferentthreats，you’llbeagreatfitforourRiskManagementteams.Whatyouneedisjusta2：2degreeorabove.Location：ThefirstplacementwillbeinBristol，followedbythreeplacementsinLondon.WHATYOU’LLBEDOING◆Developingyourunderstandingofcreditrisks，riskanalysisandfinancialmodeling.◆Usingartificialintelligence(AI)tosimplifyourriskmanagementprocesses.FinanceGraduateSchemeFinanceteamsarethetrustedadvisorstoourbusiness.And，oncetheyunderstandhowabusinessworks，theycandevelopstrategiesthathelptransformit，withinafast－changingindustry.Accountingandfinancegraduatesarequalifiedforthisscheme.Location：London.WHATYOU’LLBEDOING◆Buildingrelationshipswithcolleaguesandcustomerstobetterunderstandtheirneeds.◆Reviewingourpracticesandcontributingideasonthewayswecanimprovethem.ManufacturingGraduateSchemeWe’retheUK’ssecondlargestfreshfoodmanufacturer.We’reuniqueinthewaywesourceandmakemostofourfreshfoodourselves.Tojoinus，it’scrucialthatyouhavetoownadrivinglicense.Besides，youmusthaveapassionforfoodqualityandsafety.Thosewhohaveaminimum2：2degreeandarefluentinChinesewillbepreferred.Location：London.WHATYOU’LLBEDOING◆Workingwithavarietyofteamsatseveralofourmanufacturingsites.◆Goingonplacementinstorestolearnmoreaboutourretailoperations.1.WhichgraduateschemessuitpeoplewhowanttostayinBristol?A.FinanceGraduateSchemeandRiskManagementGraduateScheme.B.ManufacturingGraduateSchemeandFinanceGraduateScheme.C.RiskManagementGraduateSchemeandManufacturingGraduateScheme.D.CommercialBankingGraduateSchemeandRiskManagementGraduateScheme.2.WhatwillyoubedoingoncefinishingtheFinanceGraduateScheme?A.Reviewingideasonthewaystoimprovethem.B.Masteringmoreknowledgeaboutretailoperations.C.Creatingbondswithcustomerstoknowthemwell.D.UsingAItomakeriskmanagementeasy.3.WhichisamusttoapplyforManufacturingGraduateScheme?A.Apassionforfood.B.Adrivinglicense.C.AcertificateforChinese.D.Ahealthcertificate.HowardSchultzwasn’tthefirstpersontobecarriedawaybythepleasantsmellofawell－roastedcoffeebean.ButtheStarbucksCoffeeCo.leaderwasundoubtedlythefirsttoturnthatdreamintoabilliondollarretailbusiness.Schultz’sadventurestartedin1981whenhetraveledfromNewYorktoSeattletocheckoutapopularcoffeebeanstorecalled“Starbucks”.IthadbeenbuyingmanyoftheHammarplastSwedishdripcoffeemakers(滴濾式煮咖啡壺)hewasselling.Therewasthatgreatsmell，sure，butwhatcausedhimtofallinlovewiththebusinesswasthecaretheStarbucksownersputintochoosingandroastingthebeans.Hewasalsoimpressedwiththeowners’devotiontoeducatingthepublicaboutthewondersofthecoffee.IttookSchultzayeartoconvincetheStarbucksownerstohirehim.Whentheyfinallymadehimdirectorofmarketingandoperationsin1982，hehadanotheridea.ThisoneoccurredinItaly，whenSchultznoticedthecoffeebarsthatexistedonalmosteveryblock.Helearnedthattheynotonlyservedexcellentespressos(蒸餾咖啡)，theyalsoservedasmeetingplacesorpublicsquares，andtherewere200，000oftheminthecountry.ButwhenhecamebacktoSeattle，theStarbucksownersresistedSchultz’splanstoservecoffeeinthestores，sayingtherestaurantbusinesswascompetitive，anditwascostlytohirewaiters.Afterall，economicbenefitsweretheirprimarymotivator.Frustrated，Schultzquitandstartedhisowncoffee－barbusinessin1985，named“ⅡGiornale”.Itwassuccessful，andtwoyearslater，theoriginalStarbucksmanagementsolditsStarbucksretailunittoSchultzfor$3.8million.Asthecompanybegantoexpandrapidlyinthe1990s，Schultzalwayssaidthatthemaingoalwas“toserveagreatcupofcoffee”.Askedaboutthesecretofhissuccess，Schultztoldustheprinciples，“Don’tbethreatenedbypeoplesmarterthanyou.Compromiseanythingbutyourcorevalues.”4.WhatcausedSchultztojointheStarbucks?A.Thepleasantsmellofitscoffeebean.B.Hisstrongdesiretoimprovehimself.C.Theowners’impressiveworkattitude.D.Hiseagernesstosellmorecoffeemakers.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSchultz’spersonality?A.Committedandgenerous.B.Sociableandhelpful.C.Motivatedandconsiderate.D.Determinedandcreative.6.WhydidtheStarbucksownersrefusetoservecoffeeinthestores?A.ManycoffeebarshadexistedinSeattle.B.Peoplepreferredtastingcoffeeathome.C.Workforcewasinsufficientinthemarket.D.Theytriedtoavoidhighcostoflaborforce.7.WhatdoesSchultzthinkcontributestohissuccess?A.Learningfromsmarterpeople.B.Stickingtohisowncorevalues.C.Keepinghisbusinessasecret.D.Rememberingasetofprinciples.Forthepastthreedecades，RichardSears，71，hasbeenfocusedononething：tellingthestoriesbehindChinesecharacters.HisinterestinChineselanguageandcharactersgoesbackto1972，whenhewasa22－year－oldphysicsmajoratPortlandStateUniversityinOregon.“Irealizedonly7percentoftheworldspeakEnglishasamothertongue.So，Iwantedtoknowwhatitwasliketospeakanotherlanguage.”By1990，SearswasalreadyprettyfluentinChinese，buthedidnotknowhowtoread.ToSears，thecharacterswerecomplexwithmanystrokesandalmostnoapparentlogic.“I’maphysicist，soIdon’tlikeblindmemorizationinlearninglanguages.IknewthatChinesecharacterscamefrompictographs(象形文字)andIwantedtoknowthestoriesbehindtheChinesecharacters.”Ashestudied，Searsrealizedquicklythatmanyoftheexplanationscouldnotpossiblybetrue.Inordertopickoutthegoodones，hedecidedtocomputerizethecharacters.Hescannedabout96，000ancientcharacters.Thedatabaseofancientcharacterscameintobeing，buthewantedtoexplainthestep－by－stepevolvementofthesecharactersfromtheoriginalpictographstothemodernsimplifiedforms.Hefinallygothiswebsiteupin2002andnameditChineseEtymology(詞源)，wherevisitorscancheckforfreetheevolvementofChinesecharactersinvariousforms.Between2002and2011，thewebsitewouldget11，000or15，000hitsaday.Suddenly，inJanuary2011，clickstothewebsitewentupto600，000inoneday.OvernighthebecameUncleHanzi，anicknamegivenbyChinesenetizens，afteroneofthemsharedhiswebsiteonChinesesocialmedia.Inadditiontothewebsite，inSeptemberlastyear，Searssetuphisstudio，focusingonapplyingAR，animationandartificialintelligencetotellingstoriesofChinesecultureandcharacterorigins，inNanjingaspartofthelocalauthority’splantocultivatetalentintheculturesector.“TheyhavebothentertainmentvalueforyoungChineseandeducationalvalueandcanteachtheoriginsofChinesecharacters，”hesays.“WealsowanttomakevideoswithahigheducationalvalueforotherplatformsbothforChineseandforeignlearnersofChinesecharacters.”8.WhatdoweknowaboutRichardSears?A.HelearnedChinesetoimprovehisphysics.B.HehasmadeanexplorationintoChinesecharacters.C.HewasfluentinreadingChinesefromthebeginning.D.Hewasconcernedaboutthespreadofhismothertongue.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ones”inParagraph3referto?A.Explanations. B.Characters.C.Pictographs. D.Languages.10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSears’website?A.Ithasmadeabigprofitfromnetizensvisitingit.B.Itgainedpopularityshortlyafterbeingestablished.C.ItfocusesonthesimplificationofChinesecharacters.D.ItbringstheevolvementofChinesecharacterstothepublic.11.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRichardSears?A.Enthusiasticanddevoted.B.Wisebutcareless.C.Ambitiousandhumorous.D.Generousbutstubborn.Ⅱ.七選五(2024·浙江四校5月聯考)Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.__1__Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.“Asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun，”sayspreventivecardiologistDr.BethAbramson.·Geteighthoursofsleep.“Whenyou’renotrested,everythingthathappensinyourlifeisalotmorestressful，”saysDr.AryaSharma,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofAlberta.Ifwe’resleepdeprived,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.__2__·__3__Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself－esteemandrelievesstress.ResearchpublishedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.“Weknowthatlonelinessisariskfactorforhearthealth，”addsSharma.“Volunteeringgetsyououtofthehouseandcreatesasocialnetwork.”·Avoidpollutedair.Exposuretothiskindofpollutionovertimeraisesyourriskofheartdisease.InhalingcontaminantsformedfromchemicalslikeSulphur(硫)dioxide,carbonandnit