六級閱讀模擬試題及答案姓名：____________________

一、選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.Thefollowingsentencesareallexamplesofa(n)_______sentence.

A.simpleB.compoundC.complexD.compound-complex

2.Whichofthefollowingisnotapartofthescientificmethod?

A.ObservationB.HypothesisC.ExperimentD.Conclusion

3.Whichofthefollowingwordsisahomophone?

A.PrincipalB.PrincipleC.PrincipleD.Principle

4.Themainideaofthepassageis_______.

A.toexplainthescientificmethod

B.todescribethehistoryofscience

C.tocomparedifferentscientifictheories

D.toshowhowscienceaffectsourdailylives

5.Theauthorusesthefollowingexcept_______.

A.examplesB.anecdotesC.definitionsD.statistics

二、閱讀理解（每題3分，共30分）

Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Inthepast,manypeoplebelievedthattheworldwasflat.However,astimewenton,scientistsbegantoobserveandstudytheworldaroundthem.Throughtheirobservations,theyformedhypothesesandconductedexperimentstotesttheirideas.Thescientificmethodisasystematicwayofinvestigatingthenaturalworld.Itconsistsofseveralsteps:observation,hypothesis,experiment,andconclusion.

6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Thescientificmethodisawaytounderstandthenaturalworld.

B.Peopleusedtothinktheworldwasflat.

C.Sciencehaschangedourunderstandingoftheworld.

D.Scientistsaretheoneswhodiscoveredtheworldwasround.

7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthefirststepinthescientificmethod?

A.ExperimentB.HypothesisC.ObservationD.Conclusion

8.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofahypothesis?

A.Thesunrisesintheeast.

B.TheEarthisround.

C.Themoonismadeofcheese.

D.Waterboilsat100degreesCelsius.

9.Whatisthepurposeofconductingexperimentsinthescientificmethod?

A.Tosupportahypothesis.

B.Todisproveahypothesis.

C.Tocollectdata.

D.Alloftheabove.

10.Thepassageusesthefollowingexcept_______.

A.examplesB.anecdotesC.definitionsD.analogies

三、判斷題（每題2分，共10分）

11.Thescientificmethodisonlyusedbyscientists.()

12.Observationscanonlybemadewiththenakedeye.()

13.Ahypothesisisaguessthatisbasedonevidence.()

14.Anexperimentisconductedtotestahypothesis.()

15.Theconclusionisthefinalstepinthescientificmethod.()

四、完形填空（每題2分，共20分）

Readthefollowingpassageandchoosethebestwordorphrasetocompleteeachblank.

Theworldofscienceisconstantlyevolving,andwithitcomesawealthofnewdiscoveriesandadvancements.Oneofthemostfascinatingareasofscientificresearchisinthefieldofgenetics.Thestudyofgenesandheredityhasrevolutionizedourunderstandingoflifeandhasledtonumerousmedicalbreakthroughs.Herearesomekeyconceptsrelatedtogenetics:

()16.genes(A)aretheunitsofhereditythatcarryinformationfromparentstooffspring.

(B)aremadeupofDNAandRNA.

(C)areresponsibleforthetraitsweinherit.

(D)arethebuildingblocksoflife.

()17.DNA(A)isamoleculethatcontainsthegeneticinstructionsforthedevelopmentandfunctionoflivingorganisms.

(B)isfoundinthenucleusofeverycell.

(C)ismadeupoffournucleotides:adenine,thymine,cytosine,andguanine.

(D)isresponsibleforthephysicalcharacteristicsofanorganism.

()18.Geneticmutations(A)arechangesintheDNAsequence.

(B)canbecausedbyenvironmentalfactorsorerrorsinDNAreplication.

(C)canleadtogeneticdisorders.

(D)arealwaysharmful.

()19.Inheritancepatterns(A)describehowtraitsarepasseddownfromparentstooffspring.

(B)canbedeterminedbythetypeofchromosomesinvolved.

(C)arebasedonMendel'slawsofinheritance.

(D)arealwayspredictable.

()20.Geneticengineering(A)involvesalteringthegeneticmakeupofanorganism.

(B)isusedtocreatenewstrainsofcrops.

(C)canleadtoethicalconcerns.

(D)isarelativelynewfieldofstudy.

五、簡答題（每題5分，共25分）

21.Whatisthedifferencebetweenageneandachromosome?

22.Explaintheconceptofdominantandrecessivetraits.

23.Howdogeneticmutationsaffectthehumanbody?

24.Whataresomeethicalconsiderationsrelatedtogeneticengineering?

25.Howhasthestudyofgeneticsimpactedourunderstandingofhealthanddisease?

六、翻譯題（每題10分，共20分）

26.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish:“ThediscoveryofDNA'sstructurewasamajorbreakthroughinthefieldofgenetics.”

27.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese:“Geneticdisorderscanbecausedbymutationsinasinglegeneorbytheinteractionofmultiplegenes.”

試卷答案如下：

一、選擇題答案及解析思路：

1.C.complexsentence（復雜句）由多個獨立分句和從句組成。

2.D.Conclusion（結(jié)論）是科學方法中的一個步驟，不是方法本身的一部分。

3.B.Principle（原則）和Principal（校長）是同音異義詞。

4.A.toexplainthescientificmethod（解釋科學方法）是文章的主要目的。

5.B.anecdotes（軼事）不是作者使用的修辭手法。

二、閱讀理解答案及解析思路：

6.A.Thescientificmethodisawaytounderstandthenaturalworld.（科學方法是一種理解自然世界的方式。）

7.C.Observation（觀察）是科學方法的第一個步驟。

8.C.Themoonismadeofcheese.（月亮是由奶酪構(gòu)成的。）是一個假設(shè)，不是事實。

9.D.Alloftheabove.（以上都是。）實驗的目的是支持、反駁、收集數(shù)據(jù)和得出結(jié)論。

10.D.analogies（類比）不是文章中使用的修辭手法。

三、判斷題答案及解析思路：

11.F.錯誤?？茖W方法不僅限于科學家，任何人都可以使用。

12.F.錯誤。觀察可以通過儀器或肉眼進行。

13.T.正確。假設(shè)是基于證據(jù)的猜測。

14.T.正確。實驗是為了測試假設(shè)。

15.F.錯誤。結(jié)論是科學方法的最后一個步驟，但不是唯一步驟。

四、完形填空答案及解析思路：

16.C.genesareresponsibleforthetraitsweinherit.（基因負責我們繼承的性狀。）

17.A.DNAisamoleculethatcontainsthegeneticinstructionsforthedevelopmentandfunctionoflivingorganisms.（DNA是一種包含生物體發(fā)展和功能的遺傳指令的分子的化合物。）

18.B.canbecausedbyenvironmentalfactorsorerrorsinDNAreplication.（可以由環(huán)境因素或DNA復制錯誤引起。）

19.A.describehowtraitsarepasseddownfromparentstooffspring.（描述性狀如何從父母傳給后代。）

20.C.canleadtoethicalconcerns.（可能導致倫理問題。）

五、簡答題答案及解析思路：

21.Genesarethebasicunitsofheredity,whilechromosomesarestructuresthatcontaingenes.（基因是遺傳的基本單位，而染色體是包含基因的結(jié)構(gòu)。）

22.Dominanttraitsareexpressedwhenanindividualinheritsonedominantandonerecessivealleleforatrait,whilerecessivetraitsareonlyexpressedwhenanindividualinheritstworecessivealleles.（顯性性狀在個體繼承一個顯性和一個隱性等位基因時表現(xiàn)出來，而隱性性狀僅在個體繼承兩個隱性等位基因時表現(xiàn)出來。）

23.Geneticmutationscanleadtochangesinthestructureorfunctionofproteins,whichcancausediseasesoraffectthebody'snormalprocesses.（基因突變可能導致蛋白質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)或功能改變，這可能導致疾病或影響身體的正常過程。）

24.Ethicalconsiderationsinclu