Unit3ElectronicSystemComponentsLesson8ClockSources《電子信息工程專業英語教程（第6版）》任治剛編著電子工業出版社

3/6/20251《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Lesson8ClockSourcesBackgroundsTexttour

LanguageinuseVocabularyStructureReading/writingtechniques3/6/20252《電子信息工程專業英語教程》TerminologyOscillatorTCXO,PLL,VCODetectorBackgrounds3/6/20253《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Terminology

3/6/20254《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Oscillator振蕩器Resonant諧振的SeriesResonant串聯諧振ParallelResonant并聯諧振Resonatingfrequency諧振頻率Oscillator3/6/20255《電子信息工程專業英語教程》TCXO:TemperatureCompensatedCrystalOscillator

溫度補償晶體振蕩器PLL:PhaseLockedLoop

鎖相環VCO:VoltageControlledOscillator

壓控振蕩器TCXO,PLL,VCO3/6/20256《電子信息工程專業英語教程》detectorn.檢測器，檢波器，探測元件phasedetectorn.鑒相器,相位檢測器frequencydetectorn.鑒頻器,頻率檢測器Detector3/6/20257《電子信息工程專業英語教程》OutlineClockDevicesCrystals,CrystalOscillators,CompensatedOscillators,VoltageControlledOscillator,FrequencySynthesizers,ClockBuffersClockParametersClockJitter,Skew,Tolerance/Accuracy,Stability,Aging,Slew,DutyCycleTexttour3/6/20258《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Abasicpiezoelectricquartzcrystal

TwokindsofcrystalsSeriesResonantParallelResonantClockDevices

Crystals3/6/20259《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Anoscillatorwiththecrystalasthefeedbackelement

Providesthemostaccurateandstableoutputfrequency.Thepreferredclocksourceinmosthigh-speeddigitalsystemsrequiringclocks.ClockDevices

CrystalOscillators3/6/202510《電子信息工程專業英語教程》TrytoadjustthevariationinfrequencyduetotemperatureandvoltageTemperatureCompensatingOscillators(TCXO)

ClockDevices

CompensatedOscillators3/6/202511《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Theoutputof

VCOiscontrolledbyavoltagecontrolinputpin.

ClockDevices

VoltageControlledOscillator3/6/202512《電子信息工程專業英語教程》UseoneormorePLLtogenerateonetomanydifferentfrequenciesontheiroutputs,fromoneormorereferencesources.APLLhastwoinputsareferenceinputafeedbackinput.APLLcorrectsfrequencyintwowaysfrequencycorrectionPhasecorrectionClockDevices

FrequencySynthesizers3/6/202513《電子信息工程專業英語教程》BlockDiagramofaPhaseLockedLoopClockDevices

FrequencySynthesizers3/6/202514《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Adeviceinwhichtheoutputwaveformdirectlyfollowstheinputwaveform.HaveapropagationdelaySkewwillexistontheoutputs

ClockDevices

ClockBuffers3/6/202515《電子信息工程專業英語教程》VocabularyIncrement,propagation,deviation,transition,Intrinsic,extrinsic,nominalStructureReading/writingtechniquesLanguageinuse3/6/202516《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Vocabulary3/6/202517《電子信息工程專業英語教程》IncrementindictionaryTheprocessofincreasinginnumber,size,quantity,orextent.

增加Somethingaddedorgained:

增量Aslight,oftenbarelyperceptibleaugmentation.

微小增長Oneofaseriesofregularadditionsorcontributions:

累加Asmallpositiveornegativechangeinthevalueofavariable.

變量增量3/6/202518《電子信息工程專業英語教程》IncrementintextTheResolutionwilldetermineinwhatsizeincrementsthefrequencycanchange.精度決定了頻率改變的增量。

3/6/202519《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Incrementinuseangleincrement角增量annualincrement年增量averageincrement平均增量frequencyincrement頻率增量logarithmicincrement對數增量3/6/202520《電子信息工程專業英語教程》PropagationindictionaryMultiplicationorincrease,asbynaturalreproduction.

繁殖Theprocessofspreadingtoalargerareaorgreaternumber;dissemination.

蔓延；散發Theactorprocessofpropagating,especiallytheprocessbywhichadisturbance,suchasthemotionofelectromagneticorsoundwaves,istransmittedthroughamediumsuchasairorwater.

傳播3/6/202521《電子信息工程專業英語教程》PropagationintextAClockBufferisadeviceinwhichtheoutputwaveformdirectlyfollowstheinputwaveform.Theinputwaveformpropagatesthroughthedeviceandisredrivenbytheoutputbuffers.Hence,suchdeviceshaveapropagationdelayassociatedwiththem.Inaddition,duetothedifferencesbetweenthepropagationdelaythroughthedeviceoneachinput-outputpath,skewwillexistontheoutputs.時鐘緩沖器是一種輸出波形直接跟隨輸入波形的器件。輸入波形通過該器件并被輸出緩沖器重新驅動。因此，該類器件存在傳播延遲。此外，由于在每個輸入-輸出通道間存在傳播延遲的差別，輸出端將出現相位抖動。3/6/202522《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Propagationinusebeyond-the-horizonpropagation超越地平線傳播,超視距傳播carrypropagation進位傳送earth-layerpropagation地層傳播errorpropagation誤差傳播forward-scatterpropagation前向散射傳播freespacepropagation自由空間傳播3/6/202523《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Propagationinusegroundwavepropagation地波傳播high-frequencypropagation高頻傳播microwavepropagation微波傳播multipathpropagation多徑傳播radiopropagation無線電波傳播ultrasonicpropagation超聲波傳播3/6/202524《電子信息工程專業英語教程》DeviationindictionaryTheactofdeviatingorturningaside.

背離，偏離Anabnormality;adeparture:

反常；偏移：Deviantbehaviororattitudes.

不正常的行為或態度Thedifference,especiallytheabsolutedifference,betweenonenumberinasetandthemeanoftheset.

偏差3/6/202525《電子信息工程專業英語教程》DeviationintextJittercanbedefinedasthedeviationsinaclock’soutputtransitionsfromtheiridealpositions.Thedeviationcaneitherbeleadingorlaggingtheidealposition.抖動被定義為時鐘輸出的狀態轉換位置偏離了理想位置。這種偏離可能超前于理想位置，也可能滯后于理想位置。

3/6/202526《電子信息工程專業英語教程》absolutedeviation絕對差randomdeviation隨機偏差secondorderdeviation二階方差systemdeviation系統偏差Deviationinuse3/6/202527《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Deviationinuse

deviationaberrationdivergence

Thecentralmeaningsharedbythesenounsisthedeparturefromwhatisprescribedorexpected.toleratesnodeviationfromtherules;regrettedtheaberrationsofherearlylife;thedivergenceoftwocultures.3/6/202528《電子信息工程專業英語教程》TransitionindictionaryTheswitchingfromonestate(e.g.,positivevoltage)toanother(negative)inaserialtransmission.Achangefromonesignificantconditiontoanotherinatelegraphoradatasignal.3/6/202529《電子信息工程專業英語教程》TransitionintextPeriodjitter,alsocalledshort-termjitter,isachangeinaclock’soutputtransitionfromitsidealpositionoverconsecutiveclockedges.周期內抖動也稱為短期抖動。它是指在相繼時鐘邊沿的范圍內時鐘輸出狀態轉換位置偏離理想位置。

3/6/202530《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Transitioninuseblack-to-whitetransition黑白過渡coaxial-to-waveguidetransition同軸線-波導管過渡environmentaltransition環境變遷flip-floptransition觸發器狀態轉換3/6/202531《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Intrinsic,extrinsicindictionaryIntrinsic：

Oforrelatingtotheessentialnatureofathing;inherent.

本質的；固有的Theintrinsicvalueofacoinisthevalueofthemetalitismadeof.Extrinsic：Notforminganessentialorinherentpartofathing;extraneous.

非本質的，無關系的

That'ssomethingextrinsictothesubject.Originatingfromtheoutside;external.

外來的；外部的3/6/202532《電子信息工程專業英語教程》Intrinsic,extrinsicintextClockDriverSkew(IntrinsicSkew)istheamountofskewcausedbytheclockdriveritself.時鐘驅動器相位偏移（內部相位偏移）是由時鐘驅動器引起的相位偏移量。

BoardDesignSkew(Extrinsicskew)istheamountofskewcausedbyboardlayoutissuessuchas:電路板設計相位偏移（外部相位偏移）是由下列電路板布線問題造成的相位偏移量：3/6/202533《電子信息工程專業英語教程》NominalindictionaryAssignedtoorbearingaperson'sname提名的，記名的Existinginnameonly名義上的Insignificantlysmall;trifling微不足道的Of,relatingto,orbeingtheamountorfacevalueofasumofmoneyorastockcertifica