金融英語中級法律-2

（總分：164.00,做題時間：90分鐘）

一、{{BISECTIONONE{{/B}}（總題數：10,分數：20.00）

1.Listany5illegalcontractsstrictlysocalled.

（分數：2.00）

填空項1：（正確答案：Commitacrime,atortorafraudonathird

party;）

解析：aresexuallyimmoral;areprejudicialtothepublicsafety;areprejudicialtothe

administrationofjustice;tendtopromotecorruptioninpubliclife;aredesignedto

defraudtherevenue;areprohibitedbystatute;tendtodefraudordeceiveathirdparty.

2.Name3waysinwhichanofferofacontractwillexpire.

（分數：2.00）

填空項1：（正確答案：Byrevocationoftheofferor;）

角軍析：Byrejectionoftheofferee;Bylapseoftimeoftheoffer.

3.Whatismeantbypastconsideration?

（分數：2.00）

填空項1：（正確答案：Anactasconsiderationwasperformedbeforeany

promiseof）

角星析：rewardiscalledpastconsideration;Itisnotavalidconsideration.

4.Whatismeantbyimpliedtermsofacontract?

（分數：2.00）

填空項1：（正確答案：Termswhicharenotexpresslysetoutin

contract;）

解析：Butwhichareimpliedinfactorlaworbycustom.

5.Namethetypesofactionablemisrepresentation.

（分數：2.00）

填空項1：（正確答案：Fraudulentmisrepresentation;）

角軍析：Innocentornegligentmisrepresentation.

6.Name2equitableremediesattimeofbreachofcontractbyoneparty.

（分數：2.00）

填空項1:（正確答案：Specificperformance;）

解析：Injunction.

7.Whatisaninchoateinstrument?

（分數：2.00）

填空項1：（正確答案：Annegotiableinstrumentwhichdoesnotcontainone

ormoreelementsrequiredbylawtoconstituteit.）

解析：

8.Whoisthedraweeofacheque?

（分數：2.00）

填空項1:（正確答案：Abank.）

解析：

9.Whattypeofindorsementisthefollowing?〃PayJohnonhisdeliveryofdocumentsoftitle

toHongKongBank.Signed:Wang〃

（分數：2.00）

填空項1:（正確答案：Conditionalindorsement.）

解析：

10.Is"indirectinjury〃anuisanceortrespass?

（分數：2.00）

填空項1:（正確答案：Anuisance.）

解析：

二、{{BISECTIONTWO{{/B}}（總題數:18,分數：144.00）

11.Aprohibitoryinjunctionordersthedefendanttodosomethingpositive.

（分數：2.00）

A.正確

B.錯誤V

角軍析：Aprohibitoryinjunctionstopsthedefendanttodosomethingpositive.

12.Theemployerisvicariouslyliableforatortcommittedbytheemployeeactingina

courseofemployment.

（分數：2.00）

A.正確V

B.錯誤

解析：

13.Apersoncanexcludeorrestricthisliabilityforpersonalinjuryresultingfrom

negligencebyexpressconsent.

（分數：2.00）

A.正確

B.錯誤V

解析：Apersoncannotexcludeorrestricthisliabilityforpersonalinjuryresultingfrom

negligencebyexpressconsent.

14.Personalpropertyconsistsofallmovablepropertyexceptpropertyrecoverableand/or

enforceablebytakinganaction.

（分數：2.00）

A.正確

B.錯誤V

解析：Personalpropertyconsistsofallmovablepropertyincludingpropertyrecoverableand

/orenforceablebytakinganaction.

15.Themortgagormay,whereheisinpossessionoftheland,grantleasestothirdparties

subjecttoanyspecialagreementtothecontrary.

（分數：2.00）

A.正確J

B.錯誤

解析：

16.Themostextensiverightallowedbythelawofdealingwithathingtotheexclusionof

allothersiscalledpossession.

（分數：2.00）

A.正確

B.錯誤V

解析：Themostextensiverightallowedbythelawofdealingwithathingtotheexclusion

ofallothersiscalledownership.

17.Anindorsermaynegativeorlimithisliabilityofrepaymenttotheholderbyanexpress

insertiontothateffect.

（分數：2.00）

A.正確V

B.錯誤

解析：

18.Adraweeofabillofexchangehasanobligationtopaythebill.

(分數：2.00)

A.正確

B.錯誤V

角軍析：Adraweeofabillofexchangehasanobligationtopaythebillonlywhenhebecomes

anacceptor.Nopersonisliabletoabillifhehasnotsignedit.

19.Certificatesofdepositsarenotnegotiableinstruments.

(分數：2.00)

A.正確

B.錯誤V

解析：Certificatesofdepositsarenegotiableinstruments,providingtheyareina

deliverablestate.

20.Abillofexchangewhichisdrawninfavourofafictitiousornon-existingpersonisnot

valid.

(分數：2.00)

A.正確

B.錯誤V

角軍析：Abillofexchangewhichisdrawninfavourofafictitiousornon-existingpersonis

stillvalid,itmaybe,treatedaspayabletobearer.

21.Achequewhichreads〃Paycash"isavalidcheque.

(分數：2.00)

A.正確

B.錯誤V

解析：Achequewhichreads〃Paycash"isnotavalidcheque.

22.Minorsaregenerallyfullyliablefortheirtortiousactions.

(分數：2.00)

A.正確V

B.錯誤

解析：

23.(a)Defineapromissorynote,(b)Statewhethereachofthefollowingnegotiable

instrumentsisvalid.(i)Abillreads"pay$1,000outofmoneytobereceivedbyyoufrom

Mr.Gao〃.(ii)Abillofexchangereads〃pay$10,000,chargethesametothesaleproceeds

of100cartonsoftoysshippedperSSMingzen”.(ill)Abillofexchangewhichisstatedas

beingpayableonarrivalofgoodsataspecifiedport,(iv)Isabillofexchangewhichis

payableonaperson5smarriagevalid?(v)Abillofexchangeisdrawninfavourofaminor,

apersonbelowtheageofeighteen,(vi)Abillofexchangereads〃weherebyrequestyouto

payonouraccounttotheorderofGao$1,000〃.(vii)Abillofexchangereads〃paytoour

orderthesumof$5,000inaccordancewithyourundertakingauthorizedthroughBankof

Hongkong”,(viii)Isachequewhichreads〃payorder*valid?(ix)Apromissorynotereads〃I

promisetopayonorbeforeDec1st,1998Mr.Gaoororderthesumof$10,000onlyfor

valuereceived.Signed",(x)Isapromissorynotewhichreads〃tobepaidbackinfullby1

July,1988〃valid?

(分數：20.00)

正確答案：()

解析：(a)Apromissorynoteisdefinedasanunconditionalpromiseinwritingmadebyone

persontoanothersignedbythemaker,engagingtopay,ondemandoratafixedor

determinablefuturetime,asumcertaininmoney,to,ortotheorderof,aspecifiedperson

ortobearer,(b)(i)Notvalid(ii)Valid(iii)Notvalid(iv)Notvalid(v)Valid(vi)Not

valid(vii)Notvalid(viii)Valid(ix)Valid(x)Notvalid

24.Peterwantstobuyacomerstore.WhennegotiatinginJanuary,hewastoldbyDavid,the

ownerofthestorethatthebusinessofthestorewasverygoodandtheaveragenetprofit

fromthestorewas$100,000permonthforthelastyear.However,inMarch,asupermarket

openednearthestoreandthebusinessatthestorebecameveryslow.Thenacontractfor

thesaleofthestorewassignedbetweenthem,allthetimeDaviddidn，tmentionanythingto

Peter.CouldPetermakeaclaimagainstDavidformisrepresentation.AdvisePetersupported

bycases.

(分數：20.00)

正確答案：()

解析：Therearethefactorsthataffectthevalidityofacontract,misrepresentationisone

ofthem.Arepresentationmadebyonepartytoanothertoinducehimtoenteracontract

mustbeapositiveandtruestatementofsomeexistingfactsorpastevents,otherwise,it

shallconstituteamisrepresentation,whichismisleadingandinducesothertoenterinto

thecontract,andmayamounttoinvalidityofthecontract.InWithv.0*Flanagan(1936),

wherethedefendant,whowishedtosellhispractice,informedtheplaintiffthattheincome

fromthepracticewas￡2,000.Fivemonthslaterwhenthecontractwassignedtheincomehad

fallenconsiderablyduetothedefendant，sillnessandnomentionofthisfactwasmadeto

theplaintiff.Theplaintiffclaimedrescissionofthecontract.Itwasheldthathecould

notrescindastherewasmisrepresentation.InGordonv.SelicoCo.Ltd.(1986),whereaflat

inabuildingwhichhadbeenconvertedbyadeveloperwastakenbytheplaintiffona99-

yearlease.Soonafterhemovedin,dryretwasdiscovered.Itwasheldthatdeliberate

concealmentofthedryrotbythedevelopercouldamounttofraudulentmisrepresentation,

therefore,damageswereawardedtotheplaintiff.It'sageneralrulethatmeresilencedoes

notnormallyamounttorepresentationaswellasmisrepresentation,exceptinthecasewhere

astatement,truewhenitismade,subsequentlybecomesfalsebeforetheconclusionofthe

contract.HerethepriorrepresentationconcerningtheincomeofthestorestatedbyDavid

hasbecomeuntrueatthetimethecontractwassigned,duetotheopeningofthe

supermarket.David,therefore,taketheobligationtocorrecthisformerrepresentation,and

thesilencehereamountstomisrepresentation.Peterwasinducedbyandreliedonthe

misrepresentationandenteredintothecontract,thushecouldmakeaclaimagainstDavid

formisrepresentation.

25.InJanuary,1992,Wangrentedahouseforthreeyearsatamonthlyrentof$1,000.Wang

becameunemployedinAugust,1992andwantedtomoveout.Jonethenorallyagreedtoreduce

themonthlyrenttohalf.InJanuary,1993Wangwasinformedtopaytheamountofrenthe

hadpaidbefore.CouldWanginsistonpayingthehalfrentuntilexpirationofthecontract?

Givereasonsforyouranswer.

(分數：20.00)

正確答案：()

解析：Itisageneralruleincommonlawthatacontracturalpromiseismaylegallybinding

ifitismadeinreturnforanotherpromiseoranact.Otherwise,thepromisorshallnotbe

boundbyhispromise.Aimingtopreventunfairconsequenceduetowithdrawingofthepromise

bypromisoratsomesituations,thedoctrineofequitableestoppelorpromissorywas

developed:apromisemadebythepromisorintendedtocreatelegalrelationsandtobeacted

uponbythepromisee,maybeenforcedbythepromisee,despitethathegavenoconsideration

forit,ifinfactherelieduponittohisdetriment.Thepromisorisprevented(estopped)

fromdenyinghispromise.Thecourtappliesthisdoctrineonlywhenthefollowinghasbeen

proved:(i)hehasalteredhispositionbyrelyingonthepromise;and(ii)hisformer

positioncannotberesumed.InHirachandPunamchandv.Temple(1911),wherethedefendant

wasindebtedtotheplaintiffmoneylenders.Hisfatherwrotetothemofferingtopaypartof

hisson，sdebtinsatisfactionofthewhole,andenclosingachequeforthesumoffered.The

plaintiffcashedthecheque,thensuedthesonforthebalance.Itwasheldthattheirclaim

failed,theymustbedeemedtohaveacceptedthechequeinfullsatisfaction.(Othercases

like:CentralLondonPropertyTrustLtd.v.HighHouseLtd.,1947;Ajayiv.BriscoeLtd.

1964arealsoaccepted)Ifweapplytheseprinciplestothisproblem,Wanghadalteredhis

position,notmovingoutbypayingasumofremedyforterminationoftheircontractbutto

keepitduetorelyingonJone*spromiseofreducingtohalfoftherent,andthissituation

couldnotberesumed.Therefore,applyingconsiderationherowouldbeunfairtoWang.Wang

couldapplyforequitableremedyofthedoctrineofestoppel,andonlypaythehalfrent

untiltheexpirationofthecontract.

26.Defineanindorsementofbillofexchange.Whatarethetypesofliabilityofan

indorser?

(分數：20.00)

正確答案：()

解析：Indorsementisasignature,mustbethesamewiththetransferor,snameasstatedin

thebillinordertooperateasanegotiation,mustcomplywiththefollowingconditions,

namely:(1)itmustbewrittenonthebillitselfandsignedbytheindorser,thesimple

signatureoftheindorseronthebillwithoutadditionalwords,issufficient;(2)itmust

beanindorsementoftheentirebill.Therearefourtypesofindorsement:(i)ablank

indorsement,which,notransfereeisspecified;(ii)aspecialindorsement,whichspellsout

thenameoftransferee;(iii)arestrictiveindorsement,whichwillpreventfurther

negotiationofthebill;(iv)aconditionalindorsement,whichtransfersownershipsubject

toaspecifiedtermorcondition.

27.Writeshortnoteson:(a)vicariousliability;(b)negligence.

(分數:20.00)

正確答案：()

解析：(a)Vicariousliabilityisliabilityforthetortofanother.Themostcommon

situationforvicariousisthatthecompanyshouldberesponsibleforbehaviorsoractions

oftheemployeeorservantinthecourseofhis/heremployment.Itisatypeofstrict

liability,i.e.oncetheelementsoftherelationshiphavebeenestablished,thepersonto

whomvicariousliabilityisfixedcannotavoidliability,byshowingacompleteabsenceof

negligenceont