考點分類練7詞句猜測題(1)閱讀理解2025年高考總復習優化設計二輪專題英語X課后習題專項能力提升練含答案考點分類練(七)詞句猜測題(1)Passage1(2024廣東韶關二模)主題:在太行山路上投遞郵件詞數:311難度:★★★☆☆Fornearlytwodecades,athin,sun-burntpostalworkercouldfrequentlybeseencarryingpackagesalongadangerousmountaintrailintheTaihangMountains.The10-kilometer-longroute,whichisbetween20centimetersand1meterwide,isknownasthe“catroad”bylocals,meaningthatitissodangerousthatonlycatscouldwalkonit.Whereas,ZhaoYuefang,apostalworkerinEwutownshipinHuguancounty,ShanxiProvince,hadtowalktherouteeverydaytodelivermail.Everydayatthecrackofdawn,hewouldstarthisjourneyalongthe“catroad”.Frompickinguptheday’sposttodeliveringittovillagersandreturningalongthesameroute,ittookZhaofourdays.Duringrainyandsnowyseasons,themountainroad,partofwhichhugsthecliffs,wouldbecomeslipperyanddangerous.Onedayinthewinterof2003,the“catroad”wascoveredinthicksnowandheslippedoffthetrail.Fortunately,hewasabletostophissharpdescentbygrabbingatreebranchandslowlymanagedtoclimbtosafety.By2012,Zhaohadwalkedmorethan300,000kmanddeliveredover800,000piecesofmail.Bornandraisedinthedeepmountains,Zhaotrulyunderstandsthesignificanceofmaildeliveriestovillagers.“Theydependonthemailtokeepintouchwiththeoutsideworld,”hesaid.“Theirsheerjoywrittenontheirfacewhilereceivinganypoststruckme,”headded.In2012,a67-kilometer-longtouristhighwaywasbuiltandgonewerethosedayswhenZhaoriskedhislifetowalkonthe“catroad”.ButZhaowasevenbusierthanbefore.“ThenumberofpackagesIhandledailynowexceedsthenumberIusedtodealwithinthepast,”saidZhao,addingthatvillagersareturningtoonlineshoppingandorderingmoreandmoregoodsbypost.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。它講述了一位名叫趙月芳的郵政工作人員在太行山的危險山路上投遞郵件的故事,通過描述他的工作經歷和所面臨的挑戰,文章展現了其堅持不懈和奉獻的精神。1.Whyisthemountaintrailreferredtoas“catroad”?A.It’sshapedlikeacat.B.It’sintendedforcats.C.Itistoonarrowandrisky.D.Itrainscatsanddogsthere.答案C解析細節理解題。根據第二段中的“The10-kilometer-longroute,whichisbetween20centimetersand1meterwide,isknownasthe‘catroad’bylocals,meaningthatitissodangerousthatonlycatscouldwalkonit.”可知,因為這條路太窄,風險太大,只有貓才能在上面走,所以被稱為“貓路”。2.Whatdoestheword“descent”inparagraph3mean?A.Fall. B.Pain.C.Turn. D.Landing.答案A解析詞句猜測題。根據上文“Onedayinthewinterof2003,the‘catroad’wascoveredinthicksnowandheslippedoffthetrail.”并結合下文“grabbingatreebranch”可知,他滑下了小路,但是他抓住一根樹枝,應是阻止了急劇的下降,推知descent意為“下降”,和A項意思相近。3.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordscanbestdescribeZhao?A.Persistentanddedicated.B.Diligentandambitious.C.Considerateandconfident.D.Courageousandgenerous.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據文章前三段內容可知,趙月芳20年來一直在太行山一條被稱為“貓路”的危險山路上投遞郵件,他堅持不懈、有奉獻精神,即使路線危險也不放棄,因此最能描述他的詞語是“Persistentanddedicated(堅持不懈和有奉獻精神的)”。4.WhathasalwaysmotivatedZhao’senthusiasmforhisjob?A.Thevillagers’respectforhim.B.Hisbeingbornandraisedthere.C.Today’shugenumberofthepackages.D.Thevalueofthedeliveriestothelocals.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據第四段內容可知,趙在深山出生、長大,他真切理解郵件投遞對于村民的重要性,所以是郵件投遞的價值一直激勵著趙對工作的熱情。Passage2(2024山西臨汾一模)主題:古典音樂詞數:336難度:★★★☆☆PullmanisasuperbwriterandSeagullisabrilliantcommunicator.TheyhadadebateafterSeagullpostedaquestiononhissocialmediaplatform:“Whenyouweretryingtocreateanenvironmentforlearning,whatwereyourbestpiecesofclassicalmusictolistento?”Hereceivedhundredsofsuggestions—andonenegativereply,fromPullman:“That’snotwhatclassicalmusicisfor.Treatitwithrespect.”Thatdidit!Everyone—professionalmusicians,students,teachers—weighedinontheargument,andthemajoritysupportedSeagullandwerecriticizingPullman.It’seasytoseewhypeopleareannoyed.Weallwantclassicalmusictobeasaccessibleaspossible,especiallytotheyoung.IfsomeofthemareusingBachorSchubertasatooltohelpthemstudy,what’stheproblem?Theymayalsodevelopanattachmenttoclassicalmusic.SoisPullmanridiculousandsuperciliousbyobjectingtoclassicalmusicbeingusedasbackgroundmusic?Atfirstsight,hisideaseemsstuffyandextreme.Bysuggestingthatclassicalmusicshouldbe“treatedwithrespect”andnotusedasbackgroundmusic,Pullmanseemstobeclosingclassicalmusictomillionsofpeople.It’sworthpointingout,however,thatheisn’tthefirsttoexpressconcernsaboutclassicalmusicbeingdevaluedbybecomingtoocommonplaceintoday’stechnologically-shapedworld.InBenjaminBritten’s1964speech,thecomposerexpressedexactlythesameworriesasPullman.Brittensuggested,“Thetruemusicalexperiencedemandssomepreparation,someeffort,ajourneytoaspecialplace,savingupforaticket,somehomeworkperhaps.”Inshort,itdemandsasmucheffortfromlistenersasfromcomposersandperformers.Idon’tagreewithsuchanextremeviewpoint,butIdothinkittouchesonareality.Youwillneverfullygraspthebeautyofclassicalmusicifyouhalf-hearitonlyinthebackground.Thatdoesn’tnecessarilymatter.Musiccanbeenjoyedonmanylevels.WhatPullmanandBrittenarereallysayingisthat,inadrivefor“accessibility”,weshouldn’tdenytheemotionalandintellectualcomplexityunderpinning(構成)muchclassicalmusic.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了古典音樂的應用場景和價值,以及對于將古典音樂用作背景音樂的不同觀點。5.WhatdidSeagull’spostingresultin?A.GreatadmirationforSeagull.B.Publiccriticismofclassicalmusic.C.Adiscussionaboutlearningenvironments.D.Anargumentovertheroleofclassicalmusic.答案D解析細節理解題。根據文章前兩段內容可知,Seagull發帖的結果是引起了關于古典音樂作用的爭論。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“supercilious”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Self-important. B.Open-minded.C.Impatient. D.Considerate.答案A解析詞句猜測題。根據上文“ridiculousand”可知,supercilious和ridiculous并列,為貶義詞,以及下文“Atfirstsight,hisideaseemsstuffyandextreme.Bysuggestingthatclassicalmusicshouldbe‘treatedwithrespect’andnotusedasbackgroundmusic,Pullmanseemstobeclosingclassicalmusictomillionsofpeople.”可知,Pullman認為需要尊重古典音樂,所以推知Pullman認為將古典音樂作為背景音樂是荒謬和傲慢的,supercilious為“傲慢”之意,和A項“妄自尊大的”意思相近。7.WhyistheBenjaminBritten’s1964speechmentioned?A.Toshowhisaffectionforclassicalmusic.B.Tointroduceyoungpeopletoclassicalmusic.C.Todemonstrateclassicalmusicisdemanding.D.TosupportPullman’sideaoverclassicalmusic.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容可知,作者提到了本杰明·布里頓1964年的演講,是為了支持Pullman對古典音樂的看法。8.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoPullman’sidea?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful.C.Objective. D.Uninterested.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知,作者既不同意Pullman極端的觀點,但是也不認為將古典音樂作為背景音樂是合適的,因為你將永遠無法完全領略古典音樂的美,所以他的態度是客觀的。Passage3(2024安徽池州二模)主題:生活故事詞數:353難度:★★★★★Howdowecometomakesenseofourdailylives?Howcanwegainastronggraspofwhowereallyareandhowwefitintheworld?Andhowcanwenaturallyconnecttoimportantonesinourlives?“Lifestoriesareoneoftheprimetoolswehaveforunderstandingourselvesandtheworldaroundus,”saysRobynFivush,aprofessoratEmoryUniversity.Humansarenaturalstorytellers.Weusestoriestounderstandourpresent,drawinsightsfromourpast,andanticipatethefuture.Thus,storytellingisbasictoourlives.Asaformofrichengagementbetweenfamilymembers,familystorytellingshouldbevaluedmore.Sharingbedtimestoriesandtalksafterschool,orwalkingthroughaneventthatleftayoungchildcrying—theseareallopportunitiesforparentsandchildrentobecomecloserthroughwarmth,understandingandsupport.Fivushandhercolleagueshaveunderscoredthevalueofstorytellinginparenting.Thewaysparentssupportchildren’semotionsandhelpthemretellmorevivid,richlydetailedstorieshavelastingimpactsonchildren’scognitive(認知的)andemotionaldevelopment.Childrenandteenagerslearnhowtotalkabouttheirlivesfromfamilystories.Anearlyexampleislearninghowtopresentadetailedstorywithabeginning,amiddle,andanend—togiveitaclearstructure.Further,theylearnwhatisappropriatetotalkaboutoravoidandwhatfeelingsareappropriatetoshareoverdinneroroutwithothers.Whengrowingup,weuseourlifestoriestobuildcomplexandstableviewsofourselves.Throughstoriesaboutthetraditionsmaintainedovertheyears,wemakeconnectionsbetweenpastsuccessesandfailures,ourrelationships,andtheactivitiesthatholdmeaningtoustodevelopournewidentities.Theseidentitiesreflectourrolesasfamilymembers,communitymembers,co-workersandsoon,thushelpingushaveamorecompleteviewofourselves.Havingalastingimpactonourselvesandthosearoundus,lifestoriesarefilledwithmeaning,insight,andvalue.Bytheway,what’sthestorythatstandsouttoyoufromarecentmealorchat?【語篇導讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要探討了生活故事在個人身份認同和情感發展中的作用,以及家庭講故事對親子關系的重要性。9.Whydoesthewriteraskthreequestionsinthebeginning?A.Toexplainageneralidea.B.Togivebackgroundinformation.C.Tointroduceanargument.D.Toreportthefindingofastudy.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Lifestoriesareoneoftheprimetoolswehaveforunderstandingourselvesandtheworldaroundus”可推理出第一段使用了三個問題是為了引出“生活故事是我們了解自己和周圍世界的主要工具之一”這一論點。10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underscored”inparagraph2mean?A.Castdoubton.B.Attachedimportanceto.C.Shownconcernfor.D.Thoughtpoorlyof.答案B解析詞句猜測題。根據第二段畫線詞上文“Sharingbedtimestoriesandtalksafterschool,orwalkingthroughaneventthatleftayoungchildcrying—theseareallopportunitiesforparentsandchildrentobecomecloserthroughwarmth,understandingandsupport.”以及下文“thevalueofstorytellinginparenting”可推理出,畫線詞的含義為“重視”,故選B項。11.Howcanlifestorieshelpformacompleteviewofourselvesaccordingtothewriter?A.Bymaintainingsocialties.B.Byrebuildingouridentities.C.Byconnectingourpastandfuture.D.Bylearningfromfamilymembers.答案B解析細節理解題。根據文章倒數第二段內容可知,通過講述生活故事,我們可以建立起對自己的復雜而穩定的看法。通過講述多年來保持的傳統,我們可以將過去的成功和失敗、我們的關系以及對我們有意義的活動聯系起來,從而發展出我們的新身份。這些身份反映了我們作為家庭成員、社區成員、同事等的角色,從而幫助我們更全面地看待自己。12.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Areviewonastorybook.B.Anadviceletterforsociallife.C.Aguidebooktoparenting.D.Anessayonthevalueofstorytelling.答案D解析推理判斷題。文章開篇指出講故事是理解日常生活和了解自我的重要工具,并通過Fivush教授的觀點以及家庭講故事的例子說明了講故事在生活中的重要性。然后文章介紹了家庭講故事對孩子的影響,包括學習如何表達自己的生活、了解什么是適當的話題和情感表達等。接著文章提到了通過講故事來建立自己的身份認同,并介紹了這種方式對個人認知和情感發展的影響。最后文章總結了講故事對個人和周圍人的重要性,并提出了一個問題,引導讀者思考自己最近的經歷中有什么突出的故事。可推理出,文章取自探討講故事的價值的文章,故選D項。考點分類練(八)詞句猜測題(2)Passage1(2024江蘇南京、鹽城二模)主題:個人故事詞數:316難度:★★★☆☆EmestOwusuwas13in1980whenhewasgiventheopportunitytoappearintheaudienceofaBBCshow,andaskThatcherhowshefeltaboutbeingcalledtheIronLady.Thisencounterre-emergedinaBBC’sprogrammerecently.Atthetimeoftheirmeeting,Owusuwasonfreeschoolmeals,livingonapublicestateinBrixton,southLondon,whereheandhissisterwerebeingraisedbytheirmotherRose,astrugglinghairdresser.Now57,Owusulooksremarkablysimilarevenwithagreyingbeard.Buthislifehasbeentransformed.Thefatherofthreeisahumanresourcesdirector,andthefirstblackcaptainoftheAddingtongolfclubinits110-yearhistory.Asablackguy,itisaboutbreakingtheglassceiling.Speakinginitsclubhouse,Owusudescribeshisriseinsocialstatus(地位)asa“ThatcheriteJourney”.Andhesaysitbeganbyaskingthewomanherself.“Tothisdayitstillhasanimpact.Myconfidencechangedfromthatsliding-doormoment.Somethingaboutherconnectedwithme.”

ThatchertoldOwususheenjoyedbeingcalledtheIronLady.“Ithinkit’sratherapraise,don’tyou?”shesaid,“becausesooftenpeoplehavesaidtome,‘ifyou’reinyourjobyou’vegottobesoftandwarmandhuman,butyou’vegottohaveatouchofsteel.’”Owusurecallsthemoment,“Ijustrememberhereyecontact.Shewasansweringme,notthecamera.Shewelcomedthequestionsaying‘you’vegottobefirminthisworld’.Andthatstuckwithme.”Aftertheshowwasbroadcast,Owususaidhebecame“alittleheroinBrixtonforagoodthreemonths”.Owusuadded,“Itallgavemeextraconfidence.Doorsmightnothaveopenedsoquickly.Itwasoneofthosekeymomentstomakeyoudothingsmaybeyouwouldn’totherwisehavedone.”【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是EmestOwusu受到Thatcher夫人的影響,從而改變了自己的人生。1.WhatdoweknowaboutOwusuwhenhewas13?A.HemetwithThatchertwice.B.Hejoinedafamousgolfclub.C.HehostedaBBC’sprogramme.D.Helivedatthebottomofsociety.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據第二段內容可知,Owusu13歲時生活在社會的底層。2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“sliding-doormoment”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Turningpoint.B.Importantdecision.C.Socialstatus.D.Remarkableachievement.答案A解析詞句猜測題。根據第三段中的“Tothisdayitstillhasanimpact.Myconfidencechanged”可知,從那一刻Owusu的信心改變了,說明那是一個轉折點,sliding-doormoment的意思是“轉折點”,和turningpoint意思相近。3.Basedonthetext,whatmadeabigdifferencetoOwusu?A.Others’treatinghimequallyatwork.B.Others’votinghimaheroinBrixton.C.Thatcher’seffortstopreservehisdignity.D.Thatcher’sfaithinthenecessityoftoughness.答案D解析細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“Becausesooftenpeoplehavesaidtome‘ifyou’reinyourjobyou’vegottobesoftandwarmandhuman,butyou’vegottohaveatouchofsteel.’”和“Shewelcomedthequestionsaying‘you’vegottobefirminthisworld’.Andthatstuckwithme.”可知,Thatcher夫人堅信強硬的必要性使Owusu發生了巨大的變化。4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheArtofDialogueB.ThePowerofConfidenceC.ALife-ChangingMeetingD.AStatus-ImprovingTale答案C解析主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第三段中的“Speakinginitsclubhouse,Owusudescribeshisriseinsocialstatusasa‘ThatcheriteJourney’.Andhesaysitbeganbyaskingthewomanherself.‘Tothisdayitstillhasanimpact.Myconfidencechangedfromthatsliding-doormoment.Somethingaboutherconnectedwithme.’”可知,本文主要講的是EmestOwusu受到Thatcher夫人的影響,從而改變了自己的人生,因此最恰當的標題是C選項“ALife-changingMeeting”。Passage2(2024廣東廣州一模)主題:研究發現詞數:307難度:★★★☆☆Whenadulthumansmeetababy,manycan’thelpspeakinginahigher-pitched(更高音的),sing-songyvoice.Thisshift,knownasparentese,isnotuniquetohumans—ithasalsobeenobservedinanimalslikemonkeysandgorillas.Now,scientistsareaddingonemorespeciestothatlist:bottlenosedolphins.Dolphinsareintelligentanimalsthatliveandhuntingroups.Theycommunicateinauniqueway:everyindividualproducesitsownsignaturesoundthatactsmuchlikeanIDcard,usuallybyitsfirstbirthday.Buthowdoeseachcomeupwithitsdistinctivewhistle?Forbabies,itmighthavesomethingtodowithlisteningtoMum.Tosolvethismystery,researchersexaminedthesoundsmotherdolphinsmake.

Scientistsstudied34years’worthofrecordingsofsoundsmadeby19femalebottlenosedolphins.Whenthemotherdolphinswereneartheiryoung,theycontinuedtomaketheirsignaturesound,butatahigherfrequency.Theyalsousedawiderrangeoffrequenciesthantheydidwhentheirbabieswerenotnearby.Thisdiscoverysuggeststhatusingthesemodificationsmotherdolphinsassisttheiryounginlearninghowtoproducethesecallsthemselves.Sincedolphinbabiesoftenspendsomeyearswiththeirmothersbeforelivingontheirown,itmakessensethatthisadaptationwouldhelpthemlearntocommunicate.Attheveryleast,thehigher-pitchedwhistlelikelygetsthebabies’attention.“It’simportantforababytoknow,‘Oh,Mum’stalkingtomenow,’”saysmarinebiologistJuneMann.Thiskindofresearchcouldhelpusunderstandhowlanguagedevelopedinhumans.“Itisabsolutelyessentialtohavebasicknowledgeaboutotherspeciesandhowtheycommunicate,”saysMann.“Iwouldbereallyinterestedtoseewhetherdolphinsalsochangetheirsoundswheninteractingwithbabiesofothers,whichiswhathappensinhumans.”【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了海豚媽媽通過教授幼崽使用獨特的聲音來教會幼崽說話。文章解釋了研究開展的經過以及研究的意義。5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thismystery”refertoinparagraph2?A.Whydolphinsliveandplayingroups.B.Howdolphinsdeveloptheiruniquesounds.C.Whataspectsofintelligencedolphinspossess.D.Whetherdolphinscanuseparenteselikehumans.答案B解析詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞上文“Buthowdoeseachcomeupwithitsdistinctivewhistle?Forbabies,itmighthavesomethingtodowithlisteningtoMum.”以及下文“researchersexaminedthesoundsmotherdolphinsmake”可知,海豚發出獨特的聲音與聽到海豚媽媽的聲音有關,所以為了解開“海豚如何發出獨特的聲音”這個謎團,研究人員檢查了海豚媽媽發出的聲音。故畫線詞指的是“海豚如何發出獨特的聲音”。6.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudyofdolphins?A.Byanalyzingmotherdolphins’soundfeatures.B.Byrecordingparent-childinteractionfrequency.C.Bymeasuringthedistancebetweenparentandchild.D.Byexaminingthespeechorgansofmotherdolphins.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Scientistsstudied34years’worthofrecordingsofsoundsmadeby19femalebottlenosedolphins.”可知,研究人員通過分析雌性海豚的聲音特征對海豚進行研究。7.Whatisasuggestedreasonwhydolphinmothersuseparentesewiththeiryoung?A.Tohelpthemlearntotalk.B.Toteachthemhuntingskills.C.Toexpressworryandcare.D.Todistracttheirattention.答案A解析細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“Thisdiscoverysuggeststhatusingthesemodificationsmotherdolphinsassisttheiryounginlearninghowtoproducethesecallsthemselves.”可知,海豚媽媽對幼崽使用父母語的原因是幫助它們學會說話。8.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocomparetheparenteseofhumansanddolphins.B.Toillustratethedevelopmentofdolphinintelligence.C.Tosharenewfindingsaboutdolphincommunication.D.Tohighlightthevalueofstudyingdolphins’language.答案C解析推理判斷題。文章主要說明了海豚媽媽通過教授幼崽使用獨特的聲音來教會幼崽說話并解釋了研究開展的經過以及研究的意義,由此可知,文章的目的是分享有關海豚交流的新發現。Passage3(2024江西鷹潭一模)主題:黃河數字孿生體詞數:386難度:★★★☆☆TheYellowRiveristhecradle(搖籃)ofChina’scivilization.Andfloodcontrolandpreventionhavealwaysbeenkeytothewell-beingofthepeoplelivingalongit.Now,scientistscanbetterworkontheseissuesbygivingtheriveradigitaltwin.ThedigitaltwinoftheYellowRiverusesvarioustechnologies,includingbigdata,artificialintelligence,andtheinternetofthings.Devicessetupalongtherivercollectandtransmitinformationtothecommandcenter.Basedontheinformation,a3Dmodeloftheriverispresentedonthecomputerscreen.It’sliketheYellowRiverhasatwinthatreflectsitsrealconditions.Onebigbreakthroughintheriver’sdigitalgovernance(治理)is“smartstones”.AccordingtoWangQin,aleadresearcherattheInformationCenterofYellowRiverHenanBureau,asmartstoneisawater-proofstone-shapeddevicewithchips,abattery,andasignaltransmitter.Theyareburiedinimportantdike(堤壩)locationstorecordandreportthemovementofdikestones.“Uponfeelingmovementofthedikestones,thesmartstonesendsanalarmtothecommandcenterforquickresponse,”Wangsaid.“Inthepast,researchershadtolearntheconditionsofthedikeonthespotbythemselves,puttingtheirlivesatrisk,”saidZhaoXiaoxiongfromthebureau.“Nowthesmartstonescandothisforus,moresafely,quickly,andaccurately.”Andinthesky,drones(無人機)areflying.Ontheroutesdesignedbyengineers,thedronesbecomeexpertpatrollersoftheriver,lookingatitsdikesandfloodpreventionprojects.AccordingtoShenLinfromtheYellowRiverConservancyCommission,thankstothedrones,researchersatthecommandcentercangetfirst-handphotosandinformation.“Researchersthenupdatethe3Dmodelaccordingtothechangesthedronesreported.Thenewlyupdatedmodelhelpsustestourfloodwaterreleaseplansincaseweeverneedtobattendownthehatches,”saidShen.

Underthewaterandupinthesky,intelligentsystemsarehelpingtoprotecttheYellowRiverBasinonallfronts.AccordingtotheMinistryofWaterResources,inthe