04人類非遺代表古琴2023年英語熱點材料題型專練感悟非遺·古琴制作技藝古琴是中國傳統樂器中最古老、最有代表性的樂器之一，至今已有3000多年的歷史。古琴要經由選料、上漆、調音等100多道工序制作而成，一把上好的古琴需要兩三年才能制作完成。2003年，古琴藝術被聯合國教科文組織列入人類口頭和非物質文化遺產代表作名錄。新華社發（羅星漢攝）人類非遺代表古琴熱點專題題型專練篇目內容篇目內容備注完形填空闡述了我們的傳統藝術——古琴的相關內容。閱讀理解A介紹了中國傳統獨奏樂器——古琴22·遼寧鐵嶺·模擬預測閱讀理解B講述了一位古琴愛好者楊嵐先生接觸古琴并學習古琴技藝的事跡。22·江蘇常州·二模閱讀理解C講述了俞伯牙和鐘子期的故事，詳細地介紹了兩個人相見恨晚，成為知音的一段故事。21·安徽·淮北市模擬閱讀理解D介紹了被聯合國教科文組織確定為世界文化遺產之一的洪村，介紹了它美麗的景色以及文化藝術等。21·鄂爾多斯·中考真題閱讀理解E介紹了中國的七弦古琴，包括它的來歷，彈琴的環境氛圍以及現在的狀況。21·四川南充·中考真題閱讀判斷講述了戰國時期俞伯牙和鐘子期的感人故事22·四川成都·二模閱讀填表B中國七弦琴—又稱古琴。與圍棋、書法和繪畫齊名。最早出現在3000多年前，代表了中國獨奏樂器的傳統19·江蘇·中考真題多任務混合閱讀A介紹了中國的七弦琴，包括它的來歷，演奏氛圍，曲目和現在的狀況多任務混合閱讀B介紹了中國傳統獨奏樂器——古琴閱讀還原本文主要講的是俞伯牙和鐘子期的故事21·山東泰安·中考真題短文首字母填空介紹了中國古琴的歷史發展和文化短文綜合填空介紹一種有1000年歷史的唐代樂器——古琴22·福建·模擬預測一、完形填空OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheguqin.Itisoneofthefour____1____—alongwithgo(圍棋),calligraphy(書法)andpainting.Itfirst____2____over3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings(弦),meaningthefiveelements(元素)ofmetal,wood,water,____3____andearth.LaterinZhouDynasty,KingWenofZhou____4____asixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstring.____5____hispurposeismainlytoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambience(氣氛)wasimportantinplayingthegugin.Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublic____6____.Ancient____7____enjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.The____8____oftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes(回音)fromthemountainsuntilthemusicianfelthewasatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoan____9____activityforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,a_____10_____withmoonlightwasconsideredwonderfulforplayingtheguqin.WangWei(701-761),a_____11_____talentedmanintheTangDynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guginpiecesareusuallythreetoeight_____12_____long,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.Other_____13_____piecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNormadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqin_____14_____andperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreduced_____15_____onlyonehundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity(人類非物質文化遺產)in2003.1．A．things B．inventions C．arts D．places2．A．found B．appeared C．missed D．created3．A．fire B．bamboo C．paper D．silver4．A．bought B．added C．drew D．made5．A．Or B．But C．If D．So6．A．conversation B．discussion C．performance D．protection7．A．artists B．teachers C．pupils D．persons8．A．color B．sound C．size D．light9．A．expensive B．interesting C．important D．enjoyable10．A．day B．morning C．night D．moment11．A．highly B．deeply C．secretly D．quickly12．A．hours B．minutes C．seconds D．weeks13．A．useful B．meaningful C．famous D．helpful14．A．players B．professors C．engineers D．actors15．A．to B．with C．for D．of【短文大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章向我們闡述了我們的傳統藝術——古琴的相關內容。【答案解析】1．【答案】C【解析】句意：它和圍棋，書法及畫畫分別是四大藝術形式之一。things東西；inventions發明；arts藝術；places地方。根據“go,calligraphyandpainting”可知應是藝術之一，故選C。2．【答案】B【解析】句意：它首先出現在3000多年前并且代表著中國的獨奏樂器傳統。found發現；appeared出現；missed錯過；created創造。根據“Itfirst...over3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.”結合備選詞匯應是首先出現，故選B。3．【答案】A【解析】句意：首先，古琴僅有五根弦，意為金，木，水，火和土。fire火；bamboo竹子；paper紙；silver銀。根據“metal,wood,water”和“earth”可知是五行缺火，故選A。4．【答案】B【解析】句意：后來在周朝，周文王為他的兒子加了一個第六弦。bought買；added加；drew畫；made制作。根據上題可知古琴原有五弦，此處應是加了一弦，故選B。5．【答案】B【解析】句意：但是他的目的主要是為了鼓勵他的軍隊和商朝戰斗。Or或者；But但是；If如果；So所以。前后語境是表轉折，即改造六弦琴并不是藝術目的，而是為了打仗，故選B。6．【答案】C【解析】句意：通常，它被在一個安靜的環境中練習而從不是為公眾的表演。conversation對話；discussion討論；performance表演；protection保護。根據“public”可知應是公眾表演，故選C。7．【答案】A【解析】句意：古代的藝術家喜歡在山里的溪水旁演奏。artists藝術家；teachers老師；pupils學生；persons人。根據“musician”可知應是藝術家，故選A。8．【答案】B【解析】句意：古琴的聲音與來自于叢山的回音混合直到音樂家感覺他與大自然融為一體。color顏色；sound聲音；size尺寸；light光。根據“theechoesfromthemountains”可知應是琴音，故選B。9．【答案】D【解析】句意：對于相信古琴是世界上最純潔的樂器的古代藝術家來說，在雪里彈古琴也是一個愉悅的活動。expensive貴的；interesting有趣的；important重要的；enjoyable愉悅的。根據“whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld”可知這些藝術家應是追求精神上的愉悅，故選D。10．【答案】C【解析】句意：而且，對于彈奏古琴，一個月光皎潔的晚上被認為是精彩的。day天；morning早晨；night晚上；moment片刻。根據“withmoonlight”可知應是晚上，故選C。11．【答案】A【解析】句意：王維，一個唐朝非常有才能的人，最喜歡在月夜的竹林里彈古琴。highly非常；deeply深地；secretly秘密地；quickly快地。根據“WangWei”可知王維是大才之人，故選A。12．【答案】B【解析】句意：古琴曲子通常三到八分鐘長。hours小時；minutes分鐘；seconds秒；weeks周。根據“withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.”可知應用分鐘計量，故選B。13．【答案】C【解析】句意：其它著名的曲子包括《梅花三弄》《平沙落雁》和《胡笳十八拍》。useful有用的；meaningful有意義的；famous著名的；helpful有幫助的。根據“PlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNormadFlute.”可知是名曲，故選C。14．【答案】A【解析】句意：現如今，有不到一百個訓練有素的古琴演奏者和也許不超過五十個當代大師。players演奏者；professors教授；engineers工程師；actors演員。根據“Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqin”可知是指演奏者。故選A。15．【答案】A解析】句意：起初幾千首曲子的數量已銳減到今天的僅僅一百曲作品。to到；with和；for為了；of表所屬。reduceto“減少到”符合語境，故選A。二、閱讀單選A（2022·遼寧鐵嶺·模擬預測）Haveyouastonishedbytheamazingdance“TheJourneyofaLegendaryLandscapePainting”（《只此青綠》）ontheChineseSpringFestivalGala.Alongwithitsperfectperformance,thebackgroundmusicwhichwasplayedbytheancientinstrument—Qinwasalsoahighlight.OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheChineseseven-stringzither（弦）,alsoknownastheguqin,oneofthefourarts—alongwithgo,calligraphyandpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000yearsagoandrepresentsChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings,representingthefiveelementsofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later,intheZhoudynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.AmbiencewasimportantinplayingtheChinesezither.Usually,itwaspracticedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes（回音）fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfoundhimselfatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoafavoritepastimeforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredideal（理想的）forplayingtheguqin.WangWei（701—761）,ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangdynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallyaroundthreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements（《梅花三弄》）,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbank（《平沙落雁》）andEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute（《胡笳十八拍》）.Now,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqinplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyahundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity（人類非物質文化遺產）in2003.1．Today,theguqinhas_________strings.A．four B．five C．six D．seven2．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“Ambience”inparagraph3?A．演奏技巧 B．環境氛圍 C．天氣狀況 D．彈奏曲目3．Accordingtothepassage,playingtheguqin_________isarightchoice.A．ataquietrestaurant B．atawelcomepartyC．inapeacefulyardwithflowers D．onadarknightwithrainstorm4．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Theguqinhasahistoryoflessthan3000years.B．Thestringsmeanmetal,wood,water,fireandstone.C．ThelongestguqinpieceisGuanglingVerse.D．Theguqinisverypopularandmanypeoplecanplayit.5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theguqinanditsmusic. B．Theguqinanditsplayers.C．FourChinesetraditionalarts. D．Thedevelopmentofguqinmusic.【短文大意】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國傳統獨奏樂器——古琴。【答案解析】1．【答案】D【解析】細節理解題。根據“OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheChineseseven-stringzither”可知，古琴有七個弦，故選D。2．【答案】B【解析】細節理解題。根據“Usually,itwaspracticedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance”可知，在安全的環境里練習，所以這是指環境氛圍，故選B。3．【答案】C【解析】細節理解題。根據“Usually,itwaspracticedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance”可知，是在安靜的環境中進行的，不在公開場合表演，故選C。4．【答案】C【解析】細節理解題。根據“Guqinpiecesareusuallyaroundthreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong”可知，最長的是廣陵詩，故選C。5．【答案】A【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，介紹了中國傳統獨奏樂器——古琴，故選A。B（2022·江蘇常州·二模）Aftertakingariskbydroppingoutofschoolattheageof16,twodecadeslater,YangLanhaslivedacomfortablelifebyplaying,teachingandmakingguqin.WhenYangLanfirstbecameinterestedinguqin,hewas16andhedidn’treallyknowmuchaboutit.Itwas2003andapoetic（充滿詩情畫意的）sceneinafilmattractedhim.Guqinhasexisted（存在）forover3,000years.InthesameyearthatYangdevelopedaninterestinit,guqinmusicwasseenasanintangibleheritage（非物質文化遺產）ofhumanitybyUNESCO.Yanggottoknowstoriesrelatedtotheinstrument.Theboywasfurtherattractedbytheculturalconnotations（內涵）oftheancientinstrument,thoughheadmitstheattractionismoreaboutimagination,insteadoftheinstrumentitself.Buttheimaginationreallybuiltarelationshipbetweenhimandguqin.Afteryearsofexploration,hefinallymakesalivingbyplayingandmakingguqin,andhehasjustpublishedabookabouthisexperiencewiththeinstrument.At16,shortlyafterhisepiphany（頓悟）,Yangdecidedtodropoutofschoolandpursueamusiccareer.HetoldhisparentshewouldgotoBeijingandbecomearockmusician.But,actuallyhewantedtomovetoShaolinTempletolearnguqin.Hisparentstriedtopreventhimquittingschool,buttheyfailed.Intheautumnoftheyear,Yanglefthome.“Youdon’tconsidertheresultsofyourdecisionsat16.Iwassimplyattractedbysomethinganddrawntostartajourneytofindit.”saysYang.Afternearly20years,Yang,now35,sayshedoesnotregrethischoiceashehassatisfiedwithhiscurrentlife,but,sometimes,hefeelscuriousabouthowhislifewouldhaveturnedoutifhehadtakenanotherpath.1．Canyouguessthemeaningof

“dropoutofschool”accordingtothepassage?A．gotofurtherstudy B．leaveschool C．pickanotherschool D．gotoschoolafterarest2．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．YangLan’sparentssupportedhisideas.B．YangLanwantedtogotoBeijingtolearnguqin.C．Guqinmusicbecameanintangibleheritageofhumanity35yearsago.D．Guqinhasahistoryofmorethan3000years.3．Wherecanweseethispassage?A．Asciencebook B．Anovel C．Newspapers D．Astorybook【短文大意】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了一位古琴愛好者楊嵐先生接觸古琴并學習古琴技藝的事跡。【答案解析】1．【答案】B【解析】詞句猜測題。根據第五段“At16,shortlyafterhisepiphany（頓悟）,Yangdecidedtodropoutofschoolandpursueamusiccareer.”可知他16歲的時候應是還在求學期間，但他毅然放棄學業轉而追求把音樂當成一種職業，因此dropoutofschool應是指“輟學”，即leaveschool。故選B。2．【答案】D【解析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Guqinhasexisted（存在）forover3,000years.”可知古琴已經存在超過3000年了，換句話說，古琴有著3000多年的歷史。故選D。3．【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。全文講述的是楊嵐先生在他16歲的時候接觸古琴后開始刻苦鉆研學習古琴技藝的人物故事，因此這篇文章的出處很可能是報紙。故選C。C（2021·安徽·淮北市模擬）DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,therelivedagreatmusiciannamedYuBoya.Heplayedguqinverywell.Manypeopleenjoyedhismusic.ZhongZiqiwasoneofthem.Oneday,Boyacamebackfromatriptothemountains.Heplayedguqintoexpresshisloveforthemountains.ZhongZiqistoodbesideBoyaashewasplayingguqin.Zhongsaid,“Howbeautifullyyou’replayingguqin!WhenIlistentoyouplayingguqin,Icanalmostseethemountainsinfrontofmyeyes.”BoyawaspleasedtohearZhong’swords.Thenheplayedanotherpiece.Zhongcheeredagain,“Whatabeautifulpieceitis!Iseemtoimaginehundredsofboatsaresailingdown(順流而下)bigrivers.”BoyawassurprisedatZhong'scomments(評價).HedecidedtoplaymorepiecesforZhong.Wheneverheplayedanewpiece,ZhongcouldtellwhatBoyawasthinkingabout.Afterthat,theybecameclosefriendsbecauseonlyZhongunderstoodwhatthemusicmeant,AfterZhong’sdeath.Boyawassosadthathebrokehisguqinanddecidednevertoplayitagain.Fromthestory,wecanlearnalessonfromthestory.Itishardtofindatruefriend.Ifyoufindyourtruefriends,lovethemandcherish(珍惜)realfriendships.1．WhowasYuBoya?A．HewasaZhongZiqi’sguginteacher.B．HewasamusicianduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.C．Hewasamountainclimbinglover.D．Helikedtoplayguqinduringthetriptothemountains.2．WhydidBoyabreakhisguqinafterZhongdied?A．Becausehewastoooldtoplayguqinanymore.B．Becausehemadeanothertruefriendthatwashelpful.C．Becausehelostthefriendthatunderstoodhismindmost.D．Becausehewasinterestedinotherinstruments.3．Whatdidthewriterwanttotellusthroughthestory?A．Goodfriendsshouldhelpeachother.B．It’seasytofindfriendsthroughmusic.C．Realfriendshipsshouldbecareddeeply.D．Goodfriendsshouldbelikeamirror.【短文大意】短文講述了俞伯牙和鐘子期的故事，詳細地介紹了兩個人相見恨晚，成為知音的一段故事。【答案解析】1．【答案】B【解析】細節理解題。根據文中“DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod，therelivedagreatmusiciannamedYuBoya.”可知俞伯牙是春秋時期的一位音樂家。故選B。2．【答案】C【解析】細節理解題。根據文中“Afterthat，theybecameclosefriendsbecauseonlyZhongunderstoodwhatthemusicmeant，AfterZhong’sdeath.Boyawassosadthathebrokehisguqinanddecidednevertoplayitagain.”可知鐘子期死后，伯牙摔壞了他的古琴，因為他失去了最了解他想法的朋友。故選C。3．【答案】C【解析】主旨大意題。根據文中“Ifyoufindyourtruefriends，lovethemandcherish(珍惜)realfriendships.”可知作者想通過這個故事告訴我們：應該非常珍惜真正的友誼。故選C。D（2021·內蒙古鄂爾多斯·中考真題）Hongcun,withahistoryofabout900years,isanextremelybeautifulvillageinAnhuiProvince.LocatedunderMountHuang,thevillagehaskeptthemajorChinesestylesfromancienttimes.It’salsooneofUNESCO（聯合國教科文組織）WorldHeritageSites（世界文化遺產）.Wanderalongtheoldstonestreetsandlanes,andyouwillfeelliketravellingbackintime.AllthehouseswithgreyroofsandwhitewallswerebuiltduringtheMingandQingDynasties.OnthefrontgateofeachhouseholdisdottedwithredChineseknotsandlanterns.Allofthemareoutlinedagainsttheblueskyandreflectedintotheclearrivers,lakesandponds,surroundedbydarkgreenmountains.It’salivingwater-inkpicture.Stepintoateahousetotakearest.Apieceofclassicalmusic,playedbyguqin,fillsupthehouseandfloatsintoyourhearts,asifyouhearbirdssinging,pines（松）whistlingandriversflowing.Youwillbelostinaworld,fullofpeaceandpleasure.Holdingtheteacup,somelinesofpoemsonitsoutlayer（層）willcomeintoyoursight:Nodustisrisingontheroad,wetwithmorningrain,Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen.Walkoutoftheteahouse,andgototheopen-airtheatre.Theactorswithcolouredmake-ups（臉繪）areperformingonthestageinspecialclothes.It’salocaloperacalledHuangmeiOperaanddifferentfromothers,suchasKunOpera,BeijingOperaandYueOpera.Also,youcanenjoyafeastofvarietiesofquyi:crosstalk,koujiandpingshu.IfyouwanttofeelmoreabouttheuniquecharmofHongcun,planavisittoitrightnow.1．Fromthepassage,weknowthatHongcun________.A．isanoldbeautifulvillagewithahistoryofabout600yearsB．istheonlyoneUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteinChinaC．liesunderMountHuainShaanxiProvinceD．haskeptthemajorChinesestylesfromtheMingandQingDynasties2．What’sthecorrectmeaningoftheunderlinedword“reflected”inthepassage?A．倒映 B．反射 C．襯托 D．映襯3．Inthevillageteahouse,whatelements（元素）ofChinaarementioned?①Chineseknots

②pingshu

③classicalmusic④poems

⑤HuangmeiOpera

⑥teaA．①③⑤ B．②④⑥ C．①③⑥ D．③④⑥4．ThroughthedescriptionofHongcun,thepassageshowsus________.A．theinfluenceofChineseliterature B．thebeautyofChinesecultureC．theimportanceofChinesecustoms D．thehistoryofChineseart【短文大意】文章介紹了被聯合國教科文組織確定為世界文化遺產之一的洪村，介紹了它美麗的景色以及文化藝術等，建議人們去參觀。【答案解析】1．【答案】D【解析】細節理解題。根據“AllthehouseswithgreyroofsandwhitewallswerebuiltduringtheMingandQingDynasties.”可知，洪村所有的灰色屋頂和白色墻壁的房子都建于明清時期，即保留了明清時期的中國主要風格，故選D。2．【答案】A【解析】詞義猜測題。根據“Allofthemareoutlinedagainsttheblueskyandreflectedintotheclearrivers,lakesandponds”可知，所有這些都在藍天的映襯下輪廓分明，映在清澈的河流、湖泊和池塘里，所以單詞“reflected”指的是“倒映”，故選A。3．【答案】D【解析】細節理解題。根據“Stepintoateahousetotakearest.Apieceofclassicalmusic,playedbyguqin...Holdingtheteacup,somelinesofpoemsonitsoutlayer（層）willcomeintoyoursight”可知，在茶館提到了古典音樂、茶以及詩，故選D。4．【答案】B【解析】主旨大意題。根據“IfyouwanttofeelmoreabouttheuniquecharmofHongcun,planavisittoitrightnow.”及整個文章的理解可知，文章介紹洪村主要是為了展示中國文化之美，故選B。E（2021·四川南充·中考真題）OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheguqin,oneofthefourarts—alongwithgo,calligraphy（書法）andpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings（弦）,meaningthefiveelements（元素）ofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later,inZhouDynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambiencewasimportantinplayingtheguqin.Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes（回音）fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfelthewasatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoanenjoyableactivityforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredwonderfulforplayingtheguqin.WangWei（701—761）,ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangDynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallythreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqinplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyonehundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity（人類非物質文化遺產）in2003.1．Today,theguqinhas________strings.A．four B．five C．six D．seven2．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“Ambience”inParagraph3?A．演奏技巧 B．環境氛圍 C．天氣狀況 D．彈奏曲目3．Accordingtothepassage,playingtheguqin________isarightchoice.A．ataquietrestaurant B．atawelcomepartyC．inapeacefulyardwithflowers D．onadarknightwithrainstorm4．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Theguqinhasahistoryoflessthan3000years.B．Thestringsmeanmetal,wood,water,fireandstone.C．ThelongestguqinpieceisGuanglingVerse.D．Theguqinisverypopularandmanypeoplecanplayit.5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theguqinanditsmusic. B．Theguqinanditsplayers.C．FourChinesetraditionalarts. D．Thedevelopmentofguqinmusic.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了中國的七弦古琴，包括它的來歷，彈琴的環境氛圍以及現在的狀況。【答案解析】1．【答案】D【解析】細節理解題。根據“KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang”可知，現在古琴是有七根弦，故選D。2．【答案】B【解析】詞義猜測題。根據“Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance…”可知，本段主要講述的就是彈琴的環境氛圍，所以Ambience表示“環境氛圍”，故選B。3．【答案】C【解析】細節理解題。根據“Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance”可知，彈奏七弦古琴需要在安靜的地方，且不是公開表演，故選C。4．【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。根據“Guqinpiecesareusuallythreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.”可知，最長的是《廣陵詩》，C表述正確，故選C。5．【答案】A【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了古琴和它的音樂，以及它的演奏環境，故選A。三、閱讀判斷（2022·四川成都·二模）閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容判斷句子正誤。正確的涂“A”，錯誤的涂“B”。

Theword“zhiyin”,whichmeansclosefriends,comesfromthestoryofYuBoyaandZhongZiqiintheWarringStatesPeriod.Boyawasgoodatplayingguqin.Oneday,hewasplayingmusiconhiswayhomeontheboat.ToBoya’ssurprise,Ziqi,awoodcutterwhohappenedtopassby,couldunderstandexactlywhathewantedtoexpressthroughhismusic.Afteralongtalk,theybecamegoodfriends.SinceBoyahadtoreturntohisstate,theyagreedtomeetagaininthefollowingyear.

Unfortunately,whengettingbacktovisitZiqi,Boyaheardthathisfriendhaddiedfromanillness.BoyawassosadandinfrontofZiqi’stomb,heplayedagainthemusichehadplayedwhentheyfirstmet.Thefeelingofthemusicwassostrongthatitwasasiftheriversandthemountainswerecrying.Whenfinishingplaying,Boyabrokehisguqinintopieces.Fromthenon,Boyaneverplayedagain.PeopleintheSongDynastybuilttheGuqinTaiinWuhantomemorizethedeepfriendshipbetweenBoyaandZiqi,whichbecameanimportantpartofthelocalculture.

Zhiyinculturehasnewdevelopmentinthenewperiod.ThefamousancientChineseclassicalmusicpieceGaoshanLiushui,alsoknownasHighMountainandFlowingWater,isusuallyperformedinsomeinternationalmeetings.ItnotonlyshowsthebeautyoftraditionalChineseculture,butalsoexpressesChina’swillingnesstodevelopisfriendshipwithpeoplefromallaroundtheworld.41．YuBoyawasplayingGuqinonaboatwhenhefirstmetZhongZiqi.________42．ZhongZiqiwasafishermanandhewasgoodatguqin,too.________43．ZhongZiqihadbeenkilledinthewarbeforeYuBoyacamebacktovisithim.________44．YuBoyabrokehisguqinbecausehewantedtoshowhissadnessoflosingagoodfriend.________45．Thestory“zhiyin”hasbecomeasymbolofdeepfriendshipinChineseculture.________【短文大意】本文講述了戰國時期俞伯牙和鐘子期的感人故事。【答案解析】1．【答案】A【解析】細節理解題。根據“Boyawasgoodatplayingguqin.Oneday,hewasplayingmusiconhiswayhomeontheboat.ToBoya’ssurprise,Ziqi,awoodcutterwhohappenedtopassby,couldunderstandexactlywhathewantedtoexpressthroughhismusic.”可知俞伯牙第一次見到鐘子期時，他正在船上演奏古琴。故填A。2．【答案】B【解析】細節理解題。根據文章介紹是伯牙擅長彈古琴，子期能夠聽出琴聲表達的意境，可知鐘子期是個漁夫，他也擅長古琴是錯誤的。故填B。3．【答案】B【解析】細節理解題。根據“Unfortunately,whengettingbacktovisitZiqi,Boyaheardthathisfriendhaddiedfromanillness.”可知在俞伯牙回來探望鐘子期之前，鐘子期已經在戰爭中陣亡是錯誤的，是生病死的。故填B。4．【答案】A【解析】細節理解題。根據“Whenfinishingplaying,Boyabrokehisguqinintopieces.”可知俞伯牙打破了他的古琴，因為他想表達失去一個好朋友的悲傷。故填A。5．【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據“Zhiyinculturehasnewdevelopmentinthenewperiod.ThefamousancientChineseclassicalmusicpieceGaoshanLiushui,alsoknownasHighMountainandFlowingWater,isusuallyperformedinsomeinternationalmeetings.ItnotonlyshowsthebeautyoftraditionalChineseculture,butalsoexpressesChina’swillingnesstodevelopisfriendshipwithpeoplefromallaroundtheworld.”可知“知音”這個故事已經成為中國文化中深厚友誼的象征。故填A。四、閱讀填表（2019·江蘇·中考真題）OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheChineseseven-stringzither(七弦琴),alsoknownastheguqin,oneofthefourarts-alongwithgo,calligraphyandpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000agoandrepresentsChina'ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguginhadonlyfivestrings,representingthefiveelementsofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later.intheZhoudynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson,KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambience(環境氣氛)wasimportantinplayingtheChinesezither.Usually,itwaspractisedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundofthequqinmixedwiththeechoes(回音)fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfoundhimselfatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoafavoritepastimeforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also.anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredidealforPlayingtheguqin.WangWei(701-761),ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangdynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallyaroundthreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguginplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyahundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity(人類非物質文化遺產)in2003.Title:TheGuilinandItsMusicMainPartsDetailedinformationIntroductiontotheguqin

Asoneofthefourarts,ithasa___1___of3,000yearsandrepresentsChina'ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.

Thestrings

Atfirst,therewerefivestrings,whichrepresentedfiveelements.

Later,kingsintheZhoudynastyadded____2____morestringstothem.Theambience

Inquietsetting,notforpublicperformance.1.Byastreaminthemountains.The___3___soundoftheguqinanditsechoescouldmakemusiciansfindthemselves–atonewithnature.2.Insnow.Itwasbelievedtobethepurestinstrumentintheworld.3.Onanightwithmoonlight.WangWei's____4____wastoplaytheguqininabambooforestonanightfullofmoonlight.Thepresent_5_

Notmanyplayers,mastersandworks-arealivenowadays.

TheguqinanditsmusicenteredthelisttheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityin2003.

【短文大意】本文介紹了中國七弦琴——又稱古琴。古琴是四大藝術之一，與圍棋、書法和繪畫齊名。它最早出現在3000多年前，代表了中國獨奏樂器的傳統。古代藝術家喜歡在山間小溪中表演。古琴的篇幅一般在三到八分鐘左右，最長的是廣陵詩，長22分鐘。其他著名的作品包括梅花三樂章、雁落沙洲、游牧長笛十八首。如今，訓練有素的古琴手、大師和作品不多。2003年，古琴及其音樂被列入人類非物質文化遺產名錄。【答案解析】1．【答案】history【解析】句意：作為四大藝術之一，它有著3000年的歷史，代表著中國獨奏樂器的傳統。根據Itfirstappearedover3,000agoandrepresentsChina'ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.它最早出現在3000多年前，代表了中國獨奏樂器的傳統。可知，古琴有著3000年的歷史了。故答案為history。2．【答案】two

【解析】句意：后來，周朝的國王又增加了兩條弦。根據intheZhoudynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson,KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.周朝時，周文王為兒子周武王增加了第六根弦，又增加了第七根弦，以鼓勵他的軍隊與商作戰。可知，古琴在后來又增加了兩條弦。所以答案為：two。3．【答案】mixed【解析】句意：古琴的聲音和山上的回音混合在一起，可以讓音樂家們發現自己與大自然是一體的。根據Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes(回音)fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfoundhimselfatonewithnature.古琴的聲音和山上的回音混合在一起，直到樂師發現自己與大自然融為一體。themixsoundof：混合的聲音。故