演講人：日期：白血病英文版介紹LeukemiaBasicsTreatmentOptionsCopingwithLeukemiaResearchandClinicalTrialsPreventionandEarlyDetectionConclusionandOutlook目錄01LeukemiaBasicsDefinitionLeukemiaisatypeofcancerthataffectsthebloodandboneMarrowItischaracterizedbytheuncontrolledgrowthofabnormalwhitebloodcellsTypesTherearefourmaintypesofleukemia-acutelymphoblasticleukemia(ALL),acutemyoidleukemia(AML),chroniclymphocyticleukemia(CLL),andchronicmyoidleukemia(CML)DefinitionandTypesTheexactreasonofLeukemiaisunknown,butitisbelievedtobeacombinationofgeneticandenvironmentalfactorsRiskfactorsforleukemiaincludeexposuretocancer,radiation,cancerviruses,andafamilyhistoryofthediseaseCausesandRiskFactorsRiskFactorsCausesSymptomsandSignsCommonSymptoms:SymptomsofLeukemiamayincludefatigue,fever,frequentinfections,weightloss,andeasyblendingorbruisingSignsofLeukemiamayincludesweptlymphnodes,anenlargedspleenorliver,andboneorjointpaintDiagnosisandTestsLeukemiaisdiagnosedthroughacombinationofbloodtests,bonemarrowbiopsies,andimagingtestsDiagnosisBloodtestsusedtodiagnoseleukemiamayincludeacompletebloodcount(CBC)andabloodsmileBonemarrowsbiopsiesinvolvetakingasampleofbonemarrowsfortestingImagingtestssuchasX-rays,CTscans,orMRIsmayalsobeusedtodetectanyabnormalitiesinthebonesortissuesTests02TreatmentOptionsChemotherapyisasystemictreatmentthatusesdrugstodestroyLeukemiacellsChemotherapyistypicallygivenincycles,withrestperiodstoallowthebodytorecoverbetweentreatmentsItcanbeadministeredorally,intravenously,orintraventrically,dependingonthetypeandstageofLeukemiaSideeffectscanincludenausea,invoicing,hairloss,andincreasedriskofinfectionChemotherapy01ItisoftenusedincombinationwithchemotherapytotreatcancertypesofLeukemiaRadiationtherapyistypicallygiveninspecificareasofthebody,suchasthebrainorspinalcord,tominimizesideeffectsSideeffectscanincludefatigue,skinerosion,andlowbloodcellcountsRadiationtherapyuseshighenergyX-raysorotherparticlestokillLeukemiacells020304RadiationTherapyTargetedtherapyisatypeoftreatmentthatusesdrugsorothersubstancestospecificallytargetLeukemiacellswithoutharmingnormalcellsTargetedtherapycanbeusedaloneorincombinationwithothertreatments,suchaschemotherapyorradiationtherapySideeffectscanvarydependingonthespecifictargetedtherapydrugbutaregenerallylessseverethanthoseassociatedwithchemotherapy單擊此處添加正文，文字是您思想的為了最終呈現發布的。單擊此處添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。單擊此處添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。4行*21字TargetedTherapyStemcelltransferisaprocedureinwhichapersonreceiveshealthstemcellstoreplacetheirdamagedordiseasedstemcellsThehealthystemcellscancomefromthepatientthemselves(autologoustransmission)orfromadonor(allogenictransmission)StemcellspreadistypicallyusedforpatientswithhighriskLeukemiaorthosewhohavenotrespondedtoothertreatmentsTheprocedureinvolveshighdosesofchemotherapyand/orradiationtherapytopreparethebodyforthespread,followedbythefusionofthehealthstemcellsSideeffectscanbesevereandincluderiskofinfection,gradientversushostdisease(inallogeneictransplants),andinferiorityStemCellTransplant03CopingwithLeukemiaSeekingprofessionalcounselingItiscommonforLeukemiapatientsandtheirfamiliestoexperienceemotionalstressProfessionalcoachescanprovidevaluablesupportandguidanceduringthisdifficulttimeJoiningsupportgroupsLeukemiasupportgroupsofferaplatformforpatientsandtheirlovedonestoshareexperiences,learnfromeachother,andfindemotionalsupportMaintainingapositiveattitudeApositivemindsethasbeenshowntoimproveoutcomesincancertreatmentTechniquessuchasmindfulness,review,andpositivethinkingcanhelppatientsscopewiththeemotionalchallengesofLeukemiaEmotionalandPsychologicalSupportUnderstandingsideeffectsItisimportantforpatientstobeawareofthepotentialsideeffectsofLeukemiatreatment,suchasfatigue,fatigue,andinfectionriskKnowingwhattoexpectcanhelppatientsprepareandmanagetheirsideeffectseffectivelyCommunicatingwithhealthcareprovidersPatientsshouldkeeptheirhealthcareprovidersinformedaboutanysideeffectstheyareexperiencingThisallowsproviderstoadjusttreatmentplansasneededtominimizesideeffectsFollowingsubscribedmedicineTakingmedicineassubscribedbyhealthcareproviderscanhelpmanagesideeffectsandimprovepatients'overallwellbeingduringtreatmentManagingSideEffectsAvoidingfoodborneillnesses:LeukemiapatientsareatincreasedriskforfoodborneillnessesduetotheirweakenedimmunesystemsItisimportanttopracticefoodsafetymeasures,suchaswashinghandsthoroughlybeforehandlingfoodandcookiestotherecommendedinternaltemperatureMaintainingabalanceddie:Ahealthy,balanceddieisessentialforleukemiapatientstomaintaintheirstrengthandenergylevelsduringtreatmentThisincludeseatingavarietyoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andleanproteinsAddressingnutritionaldeficiencies:LeukemiaanditstreatmentcanleadsometonutritionaldeficienciesPatientsmayneedtotakesupplementsormodifytheirdiettoensuretheyaregettingallthenutrientstheyneedNutritionandDietaryChangesIncorporatingphysicalactivityintodailyroutine:RegularphysicalactivitycanhelpLeukemiapatientsmaintaintheirstrength,endurance,andoverallfitnessduringtreatmentThiscanincludewalking,yoga,orotherlowimpactexercisesConsultingwithhealthcareproviders:Beforestartinganyexerciseprogram,LeukemiapatientsshouldconsultwiththeirhealthcareproviderstoensureitissafeandappropriatefortheirconditionsAdaptingexerciseroutesasneeded:Astreatmentprogressesandpatients'energylevelschange,theymayneedtoadapttheirexerciseroutesaccordingtotheorderItisimportanttolistentoone'sbodyandadjustactivitiesasneededtoavoidoverexertionorinjuryExerciseandPhysicalActivity04ResearchandClinicalTrialsTargetedtherapiesRecentadvantagesinLeukemiaresearchhaveledtothedevelopmentoftargetedtherapiesthatspecificallyattackcancercellswhileminimizingharmtohealthcellsImmunoherapiesImmunoherapies,suchasChineseacutereceiver(CAR)T-celltherapy,haveshownpromiseintreatingcancertypesofLeukemiabyharnessingthepoweroftheimmunesystemtofitcancerPrecisionMedicineWiththeincidentofprecisionmedicine,researchersareabletoanalyzeapatient'sgeneticmakeuptotailtreatmentsspecificallyfortheirindividualcaseofLeukemiaLatestDevelopmentsinLeukemiaResearch要點三ClinicalTrialDatabasesPatientscansearchforclinicaltrialsthroughonlinedatabasessuchasClinicalTrials.gov,whichprovidesuptodateinformationonongingtrials0102DiscussingwithHealthcareTeamItisimportantforpatientstodiscussthepossibilityofparticipationinaclinicaltrialwiththeirhealthcareteam,whocanprovideguidanceandsupportElizabilityCriteriaEachclinicaltrialhasspecificelizabilitycriteriathatpatientsmustmeetinordertoparticle,suchasage,typeofleukemia,andprevioustreatmenthistory03FindingandParticipatinginClinicalTrialsPotentialBenefitsParticipatinginaclinicaltrialmayprovideaccesstonewandinnovativetreatmentsthatarenotyetwidelyavailable,andcanpotentiallyleadtoimprovedoutcomesforpatientsRisksandSideEffectsHowever,therearealsorisksassociatedwithparticlesinaclinicaltrial,includingpossiblesideeffectsfromtheexperimentaltreatmentandthepossibilitythatthetreatmentmaynotworkasintendedInformedDecisionMakingItiscriticalforpatientstofullyunderstandtherisksandbenefitsofparticipatinginaclinicaltrialbeforemakinganinformeddecisionaboutwhichornottoenrollUnderstandingtheRisksandBenefits05PreventionandEarlyDetectionReducingRiskFactorsMinimizeexposuretoionizingradiation,suchasX-raysandCTscans,specificallyduringchildhoodandpreheatingAverageradiationexposureLimitcontactwithhazardouschemicals,suchasbenzeneandformaldehyde,whichareknowntoincreasetheriskofleukemiaAvoidexposuretoknownchemicalsEatabalanceddie,getregularexercise,andavoidsmokingandexcessalcoholconsumptionMaintainahealthylifestyleCompletebloodcount(CBC)01Aroutinebloodtestthatcandetectabnormalitiesinredbloodcells,whitebloodcells,andplates,whichmayindicateleukemiaBoneMarrowbio02AprocedureinwhichasampleofboneMarrowisextractedandrefinedunderamicroscopetodetectabnormalcellsGenetictesting03CertaingeneticmutationshavebeenlinkedtoanincreasedriskofLeukemia,and