【MOOC】飛行器數(shù)字化制造技術(shù)專業(yè)英語-長沙航空職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院中國大學(xué)慕課MOOC答案1.1.4了解機械師的職業(yè)工作1、【單選題】___________usemachinetools,suchaslathes,millingmachines,andmachiningcenters,toproduceprecisionmetalparts.本題答案：【machinists】2、【單選題】Beforethemachinistsmachineapart,theymustcarefully___________andpreparetheoperation.本題答案：【plan】3、【單選題】Theseworkersfirst___________blueprintsorwrittenspecificationsforajob.本題答案：【review】4、【單選題】Next,they___________wheretocutorboreintotheworkpiece,howfasttofeedthemetalintothemachine,andhowmuchmetaltoremove.本題答案：【calculate】5、【單選題】Theythen___________toolsandmaterialsforthejob,planthesequenceofcuttingandfinishingoperations,andmarkthemetalstocktoshowwherecutsshouldbemade.本題答案：【select】1.2.2詞匯測試：崗位職責(zé)1、【單選題】grinder本題答案：【研磨機】2、【單選題】mill本題答案：【銑】3、【單選題】mandatory本題答案：【強制的，命令的】4、【單選題】maintain本題答案：【保持】5、【單選題】anticipate本題答案：【預(yù)見，預(yù)料】1.3.2翻譯測試：機械師的工作安全要求1、【判斷題】Craftsmanshipisadiversefieldinvolvingtheuseoftoolstoproducegoods.工藝是一個涉及使用工具生產(chǎn)商品的領(lǐng)域。本題答案：【錯誤】2、【判斷題】Craftsmenareskilledandadepttradeworkersthatusehandtools,powertoolsandautomatedmachineryintheirdailywork.工匠是在日常工作中嫻熟的、能熟練的使用手工工具、電動工具和自動化機械的行業(yè)工人。本題答案：【正確】3、【判斷題】Theymightbehighlycreativewhendevelopingacustomidea,ortheymayneedtofollowaspecificsetofblueprintswhenusingamachine.當開發(fā)一個定制的想法時，他們可能是非常有創(chuàng)造力的，或者當使用機器時，他們可能需要遵循一組特定的圖紙。本題答案：【正確】4、【判斷題】Craftsmenworkinenvironments,bothindoorandoutdoor,wheresafetyisparamountandprotectionismandatory.工匠在室內(nèi)和室外的環(huán)境中工作，其中安全是強制性的，保護是首要的。本題答案：【錯誤】5、【判斷題】Employmentformachinistswasexpectedtoexpandby10%,andjobsfortoolanddiemakerswereexpectedtodecreaseby13%,accordingtotheBLS.據(jù)BLS預(yù)計，機械師的就業(yè)人數(shù)將增長到10%，預(yù)計工具和模具制造業(yè)的就業(yè)崗位將減少13%。本題答案：【錯誤】單元1測試：機械師崗位認知與基本技能介紹1、【單選題】Beforethemachinistsmachineapart,theymustcarefully___________andpreparetheoperation.本題答案：【plan】2、【單選題】Theseworkersfirst___________blueprintsorwrittenspecificationsforajob.本題答案：【review】3、【單選題】Next,they___________wheretocutorboreintotheworkpiece,howfasttofeedthemetalintothemachine,andhowmuchmetaltoremove.本題答案：【calculate】4、【單選題】Theythen___________toolsandmaterialsforthejob,planthesequenceofcuttingandfinishingoperations,andmarkthemetalstocktoshowwherecutsshouldbemade.本題答案：【select】5、【單選題】diverse本題答案：【多種多樣的】6、【單選題】compensate本題答案：【補償】7、【單選題】expedite本題答案：【加快發(fā)展】8、【單選題】vocational本題答案：【職業(yè)的】9、【單選題】calculate本題答案：【計算，估計】10、【單選題】cutout本題答案：【切斷】11、【單選題】suspend本題答案：【懸置】12、【單選題】disassembly本題答案：【拆卸】13、【單選題】process本題答案：【工藝】14、【單選題】technician本題答案：【技術(shù)員】15、【單選題】___________usemachinetools,suchaslathes,millingmachines,andmachiningcenters,toproduceprecisionmetalparts.本題答案：【machinists】16、【多選題】Theypositionthemetalstockonthemachinetool___________，___________，___________,orothertypeofmachine本題答案：【drillpress#lathe#millingmachine】17、【多選題】Technicaldrawingisessentialforcommunicatingideasin___________and___________.本題答案：【industry#engineering】18、【多選題】Tomakethedrawingseasiertounderstand,peopleusefamiliar___________,___________,unitsof___________,notationsystems,___________,andpagelayout.本題答案：【symbols#perspectives#measurement#visualstyles】19、【多選題】Craftsmaninclude___________,___________,___________,___________,makingmodels,dyingcutsandpatterns,andcompletingotherdutiesasassignedbysupervisors.本題答案：【developingcustomideas#readingblueprints#settingmachines#usingautomatedequipment】20、【多選題】Craftsmenworkwithdifferenttypesof___________,___________,___________and___________.本題答案：【woods#metals#plastics#glass】21、【判斷題】Craftsmanshipisadiversefieldinvolvingtheuseoftoolstoproducegoods.翻譯為：工藝是一個涉及使用工具生產(chǎn)商品的領(lǐng)域。本題答案：【錯誤】22、【判斷題】Craftsmenareskilledandadepttradeworkersthatusehandtools,powertoolsandautomatedmachineryintheirdailywork.翻譯為：工匠是在日常工作中嫻熟的、能熟練的使用手工工具、電動工具和自動化機械的行業(yè)工人。本題答案：【正確】23、【判斷題】Acutawaydrawingisatechnicalillustration,inwhichsurfaceelementsofathree-dimensionalmodelareselectivelyremoved,tomakeinternalfeaturesvisible,butwithoutsacrificingtheoutercontextentirely.剖視圖是一種技術(shù)圖解，其中三維模型的表面元素被選擇性地去除，但不完全犧牲外部描繪。本題答案：【錯誤】24、【判斷題】Anexplodedviewdrawingisatechnicaldrawingofanobjectthatshowstherelationshipororderofassemblyofthevariousparts.翻譯為：分解圖是顯示了一個物體各個部件的關(guān)系或順序的技術(shù)圖。本題答案：【錯誤】25、【判斷題】Thedrawingmustshoweveryfeatureoftheinventionspecifiedintheclaims,andisrequiredbythepatentofficerulestobeinaparticularform.翻譯為：圖紙必須顯示專利要求書中規(guī)定的發(fā)明的每一個特征，專利局的規(guī)則要求它具有特定的形式。本題答案：【正確】2.2.2詞匯測試：機械制圖1、【單選題】機械制圖本題答案：【technicaldrawing】2、【多選題】繪圖員本題答案：【drafter#draftsperson#draughtsperson】2.3.2翻譯測試：技術(shù)圖的功能1、【判斷題】Acutawaydrawingisatechnicalillustration,inwhichsurfaceelementsofathree-dimensionalmodelareselectivelyremoved,tomakeinternalfeaturesvisible,butwithoutsacrificingtheoutercontextentirely.剖視圖是一種技術(shù)圖解，其中三維模型的表面元素被選擇性地去除，但不完全犧牲外部描繪。本題答案：【錯誤】2、【判斷題】Anexplodedviewdrawingisatechnicaldrawingofanobjectthatshowstherelationshipororderofassemblyofthevariousparts.分解圖是顯示了一個物體各個部件的關(guān)系或順序的技術(shù)圖。本題答案：【正確】4.1.4機床基本知識介紹1、【填空題】Thespindle___________（旋轉(zhuǎn)）inbothdirections.本題答案：【rotates】2、【填空題】The___________(尾座)canbepositionedalongthewaysandthequillmoveswithinthetailstock.本題答案：【tailstock】3、【填空題】Thecrossslide___________（移動）perpendiculartotheways.本題答案：【moves】4、【填空題】Thecompoundslidemovesatanypresetangleoverthe___________（溜板箱）.本題答案：【saddle】5、【填空題】The___________(絲杠)andfeedrodalsorotateandreserveforcertainautomaticfunctions.本題答案：【leadscrew】4.2.4基本機加操作介紹1、【填空題】___________（不要）useaclothshield本題答案：【Don’t】2、【填空題】___________（纏繞）theshirtedgeintothetrousers.本題答案：【W(wǎng)rap】3、【填空題】___________（系）backlonghair.本題答案：【Tie】4、【填空題】___________（移除）thewristwatch.本題答案：【Remove】5、【填空題】___________（使用）awoodencradletoavoiddroppingthechuckonthewaysoronyourfingerwhenchangingthechuck.本題答案：【Use】4.3.2詞匯測試：銑床，車床1、【單選題】grinding本題答案：【磨的，碾的】2、【單選題】lathe本題答案：【車床】3、【單選題】treadle本題答案：【踏板】4、【單選題】shearing本題答案：【剪切】5、【單選題】flywheel本題答案：【調(diào)速輪，飛輪】4.3.4詞匯測試：車削，鉆削1、【單選題】machining本題答案：【加工】2、【單選題】manufacture本題答案：【制造】3、【單選題】refine本題答案：【精加工】4、【單選題】edge本題答案：【刀口】5、【單選題】erosion本題答案：【腐蝕】4.4.2翻譯測試：銑床和車床的發(fā)展1、【判斷題】Amachinetoolisamachineforshapingormachiningmetalorotherrigidmaterials,usuallybycutting,boring,grinding,shearing,orotherformsofdeformation.翻譯為：機床是一種用于對金屬進行成型或加工的機器，通常通過切削、鏜孔、磨削、剪切或其他形式的變形實現(xiàn)。本題答案：【錯誤】2、【判斷題】Forerunnersofmachinetoolsincludedbowdrillsandpotter'swheels,whichhadexistedinancientEgyptpriorto2500BC,andlathes,knowntohaveexistedinmultipleregionsofEuropesinceatleast1000to500BC.翻譯為：機床的鼻祖包括弓鉆和拉坯輪，他們出現(xiàn)在公元2500年的古埃及；而車床，已知至少在公元1000至500年出現(xiàn)在歐洲的多個地區(qū)。本題答案：【錯誤】3、【判斷題】However,fromtheserootsalsoevolvedanindustryofmachinetoolbuildersaswedefinethemtoday,meaningpeoplewhospecializeinbuildingmachinetoolsforsaletoothers.翻譯為：然而，從這些根源也演變出一種我們今天所定義的機床制造者，意指那些專門從事制造機床并出售給他人的人。本題答案：【正確】4、【判斷題】Humanandanimalpower(viacranks,treadles,treadmills,ortreadwheels)wereusedinthepast,aswaswaterpower(viawaterwheel);however,followingthedevelopmentofhigh-pressuresteamenginesinthemid19thcentury,factoriesincreasinglyusedsteampower.翻譯為：過去使用人力和動物力（通過曲柄、踏板、踏車），還有水動力（通過水輪）；然而，隨著十九世紀中期高壓蒸汽發(fā)動機的發(fā)展，工廠越來越多地使用蒸汽動力。本題答案：【正確】5、【判斷題】Withthemillingtechnologyevolving,light,cost-effectiveandwellconstructedmillingmachineshadbeencreated.Millshadbeencontrolledmanuallyviahandwheelsorlevers,ormechanicallyautomatedviacamsbeforetheadventofNC(NumericallyControlled)mills.翻譯為：隨著銑削技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，輕便、成本低以及構(gòu)造良好的銑床已被造出。但在NC（數(shù)控）到來前，銑削一般是通過手輪或手柄手動控制，或通過凸輪由機械自動控制完成。本題答案：【正確】4.4.4翻譯測試：車削和鉆孔操作1、【判斷題】Morerecentadvancedmachiningtechniquesincludeelectricaldischargemachining(EDM),electro-chemicalerosion,laser,orwaterjetcuttingtoshapemetalwork-pieces.翻譯為：較新的先進加工技術(shù)包括電火花加工（EDM）、激光或水射流切割以成形金屬工件。本題答案：【錯誤】2、【判斷題】Therearemanykindsofmachiningoperations,eachofwhichiscapableofgeneratingacertainpartgeometryandsurfacetexture.翻譯為：有許多種加工操作，每一種都能夠產(chǎn)生某種幾何形狀和表面紋理。本題答案：【正確】3、【判斷題】Thespeedmotioninturningisprovidedbytherotatingwork-part,andthefeedmotionisachievedbythecuttingtoolmovingslowlyinadirectionparalleltotheaxisofrotationofthework-piece.翻譯為：車削中的速度運動是由旋轉(zhuǎn)工作部件提供的，進給運動是由刀具沿與工件的旋轉(zhuǎn)軸線平行的方向緩慢移動來實現(xiàn)的。本題答案：【正確】4、【判斷題】Inmilling,arotatingtoolwithmultiplecuttingedgesismovedslowlyrelativetothematerialtogenerateaplaneorstraightsurface.翻譯為：在銑削中，具有多個切削刃的旋轉(zhuǎn)工具相對于材料緩慢地移動以產(chǎn)生直表面。本題答案：【錯誤】5、【判斷題】Thecommonfeatureistheuseofacuttingtooltoformachipthatisremovedfromthework-part,calledswarf.翻譯為：共同的特點是使用切削工具形成從工件脫離的碎片，稱為切屑。本題答案：【正確】5.1.4PLC基本介紹1、【填空題】APLC(___________)(可編程邏輯控制器)isacentralprocessingunitforautomation.本題答案：【programmablelogiccontroller】2、【填空題】PLCaredesignedwithmultiple___________(I/O)（輸入和輸出）andworkbasedontheon-offsequentialconceptsimilartoarelayswitchingconceptwhichhasbeenlargelyusedinindustry.本題答案：【inputsandoutputs】3、【填空題】Likeothercomputerizeddevices,thereisa___________(CPU)（中央處理器）inaPLC.本題答案：【CentralProcessingUnit】4、【填空題】___________（存儲器）isthecomponentthatstoresinformation,programs,anddatainaPLC.本題答案：【Memory】5、【填空題】ThecommontypesofmemoryusedinPLCsare___________(ROM)（只讀存儲器）andRandomAccessMemory(RAM).本題答案：【ReadOnlyMemory】5.2.4電氣工程介紹1、【填空題】___________（電氣工程）issometimesreferredtoaselectricalandelectronicengineering.本題答案：【Electricalengineering】2、【填空題】Electricalengineeringfirstbecameanidentifiableoccupationinthelatenineteenthcenturyaftercommercializationofthe___________（電報）andelectricalpowersupply.本題答案：【electrictelegraph】3、【填空題】Electricalengineeringisconsideredtodealwiththeproblemsassociatedwithlarge-scaleelectricalsystemssuchaspowertransmissionand___________（電動機控制）.本題答案：【motorcontrol】4、【填空題】Electronicengineeringdealswiththestudyofsmall-scaleelectronicsystemsincludingcomputersand___________（集成電路）.本題答案：【integratedcircuits】5、【填空題】Electronicengineersareconcernedwithusingelectricitytotransmit___________（信息）.本題答案：【information】5.3.2詞匯測試：可編程邏輯控制器1、【單選題】drum本題答案：【鼓】2、【單選題】sequencing本題答案：【測序】3、【單選題】monitor本題答案：【監(jiān)視器】4、【單選題】cabinet本題答案：【柜】5、【單選題】characteristic本題答案：【典型的】5.3.4詞匯測試：電氣工程和電子工程1、【單選題】electrical本題答案：【電的，電氣的】2、【單選題】electric本題答案：【電動的】3、【單選題】electricity本題答案：【電】4、【單選題】electronics本題答案：【電子學(xué)】5、【單選題】electromagnetism本題答案：【電磁】5.4.2翻譯測試：PLC的典型結(jié)構(gòu)1、【判斷題】Ascomputers,PLCscanperformtimingfunctions(fortheequivalentoftime-delayrelays),drumsequencing,andotheradvancedfunctionswithfargreateraccuracyandreliabilitythanwhatispossibletouseelectromechanicallogicdevices.翻譯為：作為計算機，PLC可以執(zhí)行定時功能（相當于延時繼電器）、鼓排序和其他高級功能，與使用機電邏輯器件的精度和可靠性差不多。本題答案：【錯誤】2、【判斷題】Fitintoacontrolcabinet,aPLCtakesuplittleroom,especiallyconsideringtheequivalentspacethatwouldbeneededbyelectromechanicalrelaystoperformthesamefunctions.翻譯為：適合控制柜的PLC占用空間小，特別是考慮到由機電式繼電器執(zhí)行相同的功能所需的相當大的空間。本題答案：【正確】3、【判斷題】BecauseaPLCisnothingmorethanaspecial-purposedigitalcomputer,ithastheabilitytocommunicatewithothercomputersrathereasily.翻譯為：因為PLC只不過是一種專用的數(shù)字計算機，所以它與其他計算機進行交流不很容易。本題答案：【錯誤】4、【判斷題】Aprogramstoredinthecomputerspecifieswhichoutputsshouldbeenergizedonthebasisofthepresentandpaststatesoftheinputsignals.翻譯為：存儲在計算機中的程序根據(jù)輸入信號當前和過去的輸入信號狀態(tài)指定應(yīng)該激活哪些信息。本題答案：【正確】5、【判斷題】Therelativesimplicityofswitchingcontrolmakesitattractiveforuseinautomaticmachinesandprocesseswheretherequirementisforthemachineorprocesstofollowasetsequenceofoperations.翻譯為：切換控制的相對簡單性使其在自動機器和遵循一系列的操作順序的過程中具有吸引力。本題答案：【錯誤】5.4.4翻譯測試：電動機的功能1、【判斷題】Becauseofitssimplicity,economy,anddurability,theinductionmotorismorewidelyusedforindustrialpurposesthananyothertypeofACmotor,especiallyifahigh-speeddriveisdesired.翻譯為：由于其簡單性、經(jīng)濟性和耐用性，在工業(yè)中，感應(yīng)電機的應(yīng)用比其他類型的交流電機大得多。本題答案：【正確】2、【判斷題】However,iftherearemachinetoolsorothermachinesrequiringadjustablespeedorawiderangeofspeedcontrol,itwillprobablybedesirabletoinstallDCmotorsonsuchmachinesandsupplythemfromtheACsystembymotor-generatorsetsorelectronicrectifiers.翻譯為：然而，如果有需要“可調(diào)速”或“廣”范圍的速度控制機床或其他機器，那么在這種機器上安裝交流電動機可能是很有希望的，并用電動-發(fā)電機組或電子整流器將它們從交流系統(tǒng)中供電。本題答案：【錯誤】3、【判斷題】Forvarying-speedservice,wound-rotormotorswithresistancecontrolareusedforfans,blowers,andotherapparatusforcontinuousdutyandareusedforcranes,hoists,andotherinstallationsforintermittentduty.翻譯為：對于變速器，采用帶電阻控制的鼠籠式電機用于風(fēng)扇、鼓風(fēng)機和其他連續(xù)作業(yè)的設(shè)備，或用于起重機、卷揚機和其他間歇作業(yè)的設(shè)備。本題答案：【錯誤】4、【判斷題】ThesynchronousmotorisevenmoreexpensiveandrequiresasourceofDCexcitation,aswellasspecialsynchronizingcontroltoapplytheDCpoweratthecorrectinstant.翻譯為：同步電動機更昂貴，需要直流勵磁電源，以及專門的同步控制器，以便在適當?shù)乃查g接入直流電源。本題答案：【正確】5、【判斷題】Thevarioustypesofsingle-phaseACmotorsanduniversalmotorsareusedverylittleinindustrialapplicationssincepoly-phaseACorDCpowerisgenerallyavailable.翻譯為：在工業(yè)中很少使用各種類型的單相交流電動機和交直流兩用電動機，因為有多相交流電源或直流電源可用。本題答案：【正確】6.1.4數(shù)控機床簡介1、【填空題】___________（計算機數(shù)控）isamanufacturingprocessinwhichpre-programmedcomputersoftwaredictatesthemovementoffactorytoolsandmachinery.本題答案：【CNCmachining】2、【填空題】WithCNCmachining,___________（三維的）cuttingtaskscanbeaccomplishedinasinglesetofprompts.本題答案：【three-dimensional】3、【填空題】Theearliestnumericalcontrolmachinesdatetothe___________（填時間）whenmotorswerefirstemployedtocontrolthemovementofpre-existingtools.本題答案：【1940s】4、【填空題】SomeofthemorecommonCNC-operatedprocessesincludeultrasonicwelding,hole-punchingand___________（激光切割）.本題答案：【lasercutting】5、【填空題】ThemostfrequentlyusedmachinesinCNCsystemsincludethefollowing:CNCMills，Lathes，PlasmaCutters，___________（電火花加工）,andWaterJetCutters.本題答案：【ElectricDischargeMachines】6.2.2詞匯測試：計算機數(shù)控機床1、【單選題】programmer本題答案：【編程員】2、【單選題】coordinate本題答案：【協(xié)調(diào)】3、【單選題】chamfer本題答案：【倒角】4、【單選題】programmable本題答案：【可編程的】5、【單選題】automate本題答案：【自動化】6.3.2翻譯測試：CNC基本結(jié)構(gòu)1、【判斷題】Whilepeopleinmostwalksoflifehaveneverheardofthisterm,CNChastouchedalmosteveryformofmanufacturingprocessinonewayoranother.翻譯為：雖然大多數(shù)人從未聽說過這個詞，但CNC已經(jīng)以同樣的方式觸及了幾乎每一種制造過程。本題答案：【錯誤】2、【判斷題】CNCmachinesareprogrammedbyaCNCprogrammer,whousesamachiningprinttodetermineX,Y,andZcoordinatesforeachcuttingtoolinsidetheCNCtomoveto.翻譯為：數(shù)控機床由數(shù)控編程人員編程，編程人員使用加工打印確定數(shù)控系統(tǒng)內(nèi)每個刀具的X、Y和Z坐標。本題答案：【正確】3、【判斷題】InfactCNCoperatorstendtogetquiteboredduringlengthyproductionrunsbecausethereissolittletodo.翻譯為：事實上，CNC操作員在長時間的生產(chǎn)過程中往往會感到厭煩，因為有很多事情可做。本題答案：【錯誤】4、【判斷題】OneofthefirstspecificationsthatimpliesaCNCmachine’scomplexityishowmanyaxesithas翻譯為：表明數(shù)控機床復(fù)雜性的第一個規(guī)格是它有多少個軸。本題答案：【正確】5、【判斷題】Thespindlespeed(inrevolutionsperminute)canbeeasilyspecifiedandthespindlecanbeturnedoninaforwardorreversedirection.翻譯為：主軸轉(zhuǎn)速（每分鐘轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)）可以很容易地指定，主軸只能正向轉(zhuǎn)動。本題答案：【錯誤】7.1.4焊接基本知識介紹1、【填空題】Therearefivebasictypesofjoints.Theyarebuttjoint,___________(角接接頭),T-joint,lapjointandedgejoint本題答案：【cornerjoint】2、【填空題】Weldingmeanstouse(ornotuse)___________(填充金屬)andheat(withorwithoutpressure)toformacontinuityofsolidmetalbetweentheworkpieces.本題答案：【fillermetal】3、【填空題】Therearefourbasicweldingpositions.Theyare___________(平焊位置)(lG),horizontalposition(2G),verticalposition(3G),andoverheadposition(4G）.本題答案：【flatposition】4、【填空題】Weldedjointisacompositeofallthepartsinvolvedinweldingandcomprises___________（焊接金屬）,bondareaandheat-affectedzone(oftencalledHAZ).本題答案：【weldmetal】5、【填空題】Certainweldingprocesseshave___________（全位置）capabilities,whileothersmaybeusedinonlyoneortwopositions.本題答案：【all-position】7.2.4焊條電弧焊簡介1、【填空題】___________（焊條電弧焊）(SMAW)isanarcweldingprocesswhereincoalescenceisproducedbyheatingwithanelectricarcbetweenacoveredorcoatedmetalrodcalledtheelectrodeandthework.本題答案：【Shieldedmetalarcwelding】2、【填空題】Theworkismadepartofanelectriccircuitknownasthe___________(焊接電路).本題答案：【weldingcircuit】3、【填空題】Thiscircuitincludesa___________,（電源）weldingcables,anelectrodeholder,agroundclampandtheconsumableweldingelectrode.本題答案：【sourceofpower】4、【填空題】Weldingbeginswhenan___________（電弧）isformedorstruckbetweenthemetallicelectrodeandthework.本題答案：【electricarc】5、【填空題】Iftheweldsareflatorhorizontal,theactualtransferisinducedbythe___________（重力）,molecularattractionandsurfacetension.本題答案：【forceofgravity】7.3.2詞匯測試：焊接接頭的組成1、【單選題】helment本題答案：【頭盔】2、【單選題】decomposition本題答案：【分解】3、【單選題】mechanical本題答案：【機械的】4、【單選題】metallurgical本題答案：【冶金】5、【單選題】gravity本題答案：【重力】7.3.4詞匯測試：焊條電弧焊的組成1、【單選題】workpiece本題答案：【工件】2、【單選題】joint本題答案：【接頭】3、【單選題】junction本題答案：【交叉點】4、【單選題】composite本題答案：【復(fù)合材料】5、【單選題】bond本題答案：【熔合區(qū)】7.4.2翻譯測試:焊接位置和焊縫的種類1、【判斷題】Weldingmeanstousefillermetal(ornot)andheat(withorwithoutpressure)toformacontinuityofsolidmetalbetweentheworkpieces.翻譯為：“焊接”指用填充金屬，通過加熱，在工件之間形成連續(xù)的固態(tài)金屬。本題答案：【錯誤】2、【判斷題】Jointisthejunctionofmembersortheedgesofmembersthataretobejoinedorhavebeenjoined.翻譯為：焊接接頭是“工件的連接點或者是將要被連接的或已被連接的工件的邊緣區(qū)域。本題答案：【正確】3、【判斷題】Heat-affectedzoneisthepartofthebasemetalwhich,becauseofitsproximitytothefusedmetal,hasbeeninfluencedbytheheatgeneratedintheweldingprocess.翻譯為：熱影響區(qū)是母材的一部分，由于臨近熔化的金屬，在焊接過程中受焊接熱作用的影響。本題答案：【正確】4、【判斷題】Certainweldingprocesseshaveall-positioncapabilities,whileothersmaybeusedinonlyoneortwopositions.翻譯為：某種焊接方法具有全位置焊接的能力，而其他的焊接方法只適用于一個焊接位置。本題答案：【錯誤】5、【判斷題】Therearemanydifferenttypesofwelds,andtheyarebestdescribedbytheirshapewhenshownincrosssection.翻譯為：有多種不同的焊縫形式，當焊縫以橫截面表示時，最好由其橫截面的形狀表述。本題答案：【正確】7.4.4翻譯測試:焊條電弧焊的過程1、【判斷題】Shieldedmetalarcwelding(SMAW)isanarcweldingprocesswhereincoalescenceisproducedbyheatingwithanelectricarcbetweenacoveredorcoatedmetalrodcalledtheelectrodeandthework.翻譯為：焊條電弧焊是用被稱為焊條的金屬棒和工件之間所產(chǎn)生的電弧進行加熱而形成結(jié)合的一種電弧焊工藝。本題答案：【錯誤】2、【判斷題】Liketheotherelectricarcweldingprocesses,itemploystheheatoftheelectricarctobringtheworktobeweldedandaconsumableelectrodetoamoltenstate.翻譯為：像其他的電弧焊一樣，它利用電弧將被焊的工件和可融化的焊條加熱到溶解狀態(tài)。本題答案：【錯誤】3、【判斷題】Tinyglobulesofmoltenmetalrapidlyformonthetipoftheelectrodeandtransferthroughthearcintothemoltenpoolorweldpuddleonthework'ssurface.翻譯為：細小的金屬熔滴快速地在焊條末端形成，并穿過電弧空間過渡到工件表面的熔池中。本題答案：【正確】4、【判斷題】Molecularattractionandsurfacetensionaretheforcesthatinducemetaltransferfromtheelectrodetotheworkwheretheweldisbeingmadeintheverticaloroverheadposition.翻譯為：焊縫處于立焊和仰焊位置時，分子吸引力和表面張力是促進熔滴從焊條向工件過渡的力。本題答案：【正確】5、【判斷題】Whentheelectrodecableisfastenedtothenegativepoleofthegeneratorandtheworktothepositivepole,thepolarityispositive,ormorecommonlyreferredtoasstraightpolarity.翻譯為：當電極電纜被連接在發(fā)電機的負極，且工件接正極時，極性是正的，或按更常規(guī)的說法叫做負接。本題答案：【錯誤】8.2.2詞匯測試：工業(yè)機器人1、【單選題】robottechnology本題答案：【機器人技術(shù)】2、【單選題】manipulator本題答案：【機械手】3、【單選題】joints本題答案：【關(guān)節(jié)】4、【單選題】classify本題答案：【分類】5、【單選題】monitoring本題答案：【監(jiān)控】8.3.2翻譯測試：工業(yè)機器人的類型1、【判斷題】Todaywithrobotsareality,analyzingtheselawsofroboticsprovidesaworthwhileconceptforroboticiststoconsiderwhendesigningrobotcontrolsystems.當今，隨著機器人已成為現(xiàn)實，分析機器人的這些規(guī)律為機器人學(xué)家設(shè)計機器人控制系統(tǒng)時提供了一個有價值的概念。本題答案：【正確】2、【判斷題】Arobotisare-programmable,multi-functionalmanipulatordesignedtomovematerials,parts,tools,specialdevicesthroughvariableprogrammedmotionsfortheperformanceofavarietyoftasks.翻譯為：機器人是一種不可重復(fù)編程的多功能機械手，用于通過可變程序運動來移動材料、零件、工具、特殊裝置以完成各種任務(wù)。本題答案：【錯誤】3、【判斷題】Becausetheyprovidehighspeedandstrength,hydraulicsystemsareadoptedforlargeindustrialrobots.由于它們提供高速和強度，液壓