第1頁（共1頁）2023-2024學年北京市石景山區八年級（上）期末英語試卷第一部分本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的四個選項中，選出最符合題目要求的一項。一、單項填空（每題0.5分，共6分）從下列各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1．（0.5分）ThisbookisforMary.Pleasepassitto______.（）A．her B．them C．him D．it2．（0.5分）The19thAsianGamesopenedSeptember23inHangzhou.（）A．in B．at C．on D．of3．（0.5分）Youshouldn'tlistentoloudmusic______itcanhurtyourears.（）A．because B．but C．so D．although4．（0.5分）﹣Excuseme，________arethetomatoes？﹣Theyare7yuanakilo．（）A．howold B．howmuch C．howlong D．howmany5．（0.5分）I______inHaikoufiveyearsago，butnowIliveinBeijing.（）A．live B．lived C．amliving D．willlive6．（0.5分）—______wefinishthistasktoday？—No，youdon'thaveto.Youcanfinishittomorrow.（）A．Must B．May C．Can D．Shall7．（0.5分）Thenewlibraryinourschoolismuch______thantheoldone．（）A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．thebiggest8．（0.5分）﹣Whatisyourbrotherdoing？﹣He______aposterabouttraditionalChinesefestivals.（）A．makes B．willmake C．ismaking D．made9．（0.5分）﹣Wheredidyougolastweekend？﹣I________campingbyalakewithmyparents．（）A．go B．willgo C．amgoing D．went10．（0.5分）Mikeis1.8meterstall．Heis_________boyinhisclass．（）A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest11．（0.5分）Lisa______toschoolwhenshesawtheaccidentyesterdaymorning.（）A．walked B．iswalking C．waswalking D．haswalked12．（0.5分）We______cookinglessonsnextterm.Howexcitingitis!（）A．have B．had C．willhave D．werehaving二、完形填空（每題1分，共8分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。13．（8分）"Hey，Ben，let'sgoridingtothepark，"calledDion.HeandThomaswereontheirbikesandwantedBentocomealong.Benshookhishead（1）.Allofhisfriendshadbicycles.Hedidnot.Benwishedhehadonesohecouldgoridingwithhisfriends.Heusedtohaveatricycle（三輪車）whenhewassmall，buthewasmuchtoobigforthatnow.Whenheaskedhismomfora（2），hismomsaid，"Notyet，Ben."Shetoldhimhehadto（3）untilhisbirthday.Bendidnotwanttodothat.Hewasfeelingsad.Oneday，Benwenttotheparknearhishouse.Whenhegotthere，hesawtherewerenootherkidstoplaywith﹣theparkwasempty.Hewasabouttogobackhomewhenhe（4）something.Therewasanicebikeneartheswings.Thebikewasnotlockedup（鎖住）.Therewasnobodyaround.Itwouldbeeasytotakethebike.Ben（5）ifheshoulddoit.Bentouchedthebike.Ifhetookit，hewouldnothavetowaituntilhisbirthday.Hecould（6）withhisfriends.Thatwouldmakehimhappy.Hewantedtotakethebike.Whatshouldhedo？Benthoughtaboutit.Thiswasnothisbike.Itbelongedtosomebodyelse.Thatkidwouldbeverysadto（7）thebike，Benthought.Heknewhewouldbesadifakidtookabikefromhim.Thiswasabadidea.Benturnedawayfromthebike.Hedecidedtowaituntilhisbirthday.Ashewalkedhome，stillwithoutabicycle，Benfelt（8）.（1）A.sadlyB.secretlyC.suddenlyD.coldly（2）A.tricycleB.bikeC.swingD.cake（3）A.waitB.returnC.keepD.prepare（4）A.picturedB.facedC.rememberedD.noticed（5）A.dreamedB.decidedC.wonderedD.guessed（6）A.stepB.rideC.holdD.jump（7）A.takeB.shareC.loseD.show（8）A.tiredB.surprisedC.crazyD.happy三、閱讀理解（每題2分，共26分）（一）14．（6分）閱讀下列博物館介紹，請根據人物喜好和需求匹配最適合的參觀地點，并將博物館所對應的A、B、C、D選項選填在相應位置上。選項中有一項為多余選項。WinterProgramsatMuseumsA.ThePostalMuseumWouldyouliketojoinusthiswintervacation？Youcancreateastampwithyourowndesign，writeandmailapostcard，andlearnaboutthehistoryofstamps.B.TheAirandSpaceMuseumIfyouenjoyprogramsaboutairandspace，pleasecomehere.It'sagoodplacetomakeandflyyourownpaperairplane，watchanIMAXmovie，andclimbintoarealairplane.C.TheScienceMuseumYoucanexperiencevideoartsandcomputertechnology，playVRgamestoexploreafuturecity，andasktherobotsquestionsaboutscience.Itwillbewonderful!Havefun!D.TheBuildingMuseumWanttoenjoydesigning？Comeandjoinus.Youcanalsogoonfieldtripstosomefamousbuildings，andbuildsmallhouseswithsoftblocks（木塊）.Alltheprogramsarefree.（1）Alice：Ihopetoclimbintoarealairplaneandexperienceflying.（2）Tony：Iwanttoknowsomethingaboutafuturecity.（3）Harry：I'minterestedincollectingstampsandIwanttocreateastampbymyself.（二）閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。15．（6分）GivingShariwassoexcitedforherbirthday.Shethoughtaboutthefunpartyandthepresentsshewouldget.However，hermomtoldherthatshehadtomakeroomfornewtoysbychoosingsomeoldtoystogiveaway.Shariwasnothappy.Shelovedallofhertoys!Hermomsatdownwithherinfrontofhertoys.Theylookedthroughthetoysoneatatime.MostofthetoysShariwantedtokeep.Hermomputtheminthe"keep"pile（堆）.ThenSharisawonetoybearthatshehadforgottenabout."Oh，lookatthelovelybear!Keephim，please，"shetoldhermom."Shari，youforgotabouthim.Areyousureyouwillreallyplaywithhimagain？"Momasked."Well，yes.Iwillplaywithhim."Sharisaidunhappily."That'sfine，buttheremightbesomeoneelseouttherewhowouldlovetohavehim.Somekidsdon'thaveanytoys."saidMom.Whentheywerefinished，therewasaverylarge"keep"pile，andsometoysinthe"donate"（據）and"maybe"piles.MomandSharicleanedthe"maybe"and"donate"toys，thenputtheminbags.Theywenttoaplacewherehomelesskidslived.Theyaskedtheworkersiftheycouldhandouttoys.Seeingthekids'smilesmadeSharisohappy.ShariturnedtohermomandaskedIftheycouldgetthe"maybe"bagoutofthecar.Theotherkidsneededthosetoysmorethanshedid!Sharifeltsogreatthatherchoicemadetheotherkidssohappy.（1）WhatdidShari'smomaskhertodo？A.Tobuyhomelesskidssomenewgifts.B.Toinvitefriendstoherbirthdayparty.C.Tochoosesomeoldtoystogiveaway.D.Tohelptheworkersmakesometoys.（2）HowdidSharifeelwhenhermomtalkedaboutthetoybearwithher？A.Surprised.B.Relaxed.C.Unlucky.D.Unhappy.（3）WhatmadeSharichangeattheendofthestory？A.Thehomelesskids'smiles.B.Theamazingbirthdayparty.C.Hermother'stouchingwords.D.Herfriends'birthdaypresents.16．（6分）Inancient（古代的）times，peopletriedtoexplaintheworldbasedonwhattheysaw.Peoplesawthatthesuncameupfromonesideoftheearthandwentdownontheotherside.Sotheybelievedthatthesuntraveledaroundtheearth.Goingdirectlyfromobservation（觀察）toconclusion（結論）iscallednon﹣scientificthinking.Hereisanexampleofnon﹣scientificthinking.Maybeyouhadastomachache，andatesomechocolates.Anhourlater，youfeltmuchbetter.Youmightthinkthatitwasthechocolatesthatmadeyoufeelbetter.Butthereareotherpossibleexplanations.Maybeyouhadtakensomemedicineanhourearlier，andittookawhiletowork.Maybeenoughtimehadpassed，andyouwouldhavefeltbetterwithouteatingthechocolates.Whilethescientificmethodisawayofthinkingthathelpsyoutoavoiddrawingwrongconclusions.Ithelpsyoutoavoidnon﹣scientificthinking.Itremindsyoutotakeyourfirstconclusionasoneofseveralpossibleconclusions.Italsoremindsyoutofindevidence（證據）tosupportyourconclusion.Thefivestepsinthescientificmethodbeginbyquestioninganobservation，andendwithaconclusionthatisbasedonevidence.Step1istoaskaquestionaboutyourobservation，suchas，"Whatmakesastomachachefeelbetter？"Step2istostateapossibleanswertothequestion，suchas，"Chocolatesmakeasickstomachfeelbetter."Step3istotest.Youcouldwaituntilyouhaveastomachacheagain，eatsomechocolates，andseewhathappens.Youcouldaskalotofpeopleifeatingchocolateshadevermadeastomachachefeelbetter.Step4istothinkaboutthefindings﹣thinkaboutwhathappenedwhenyoumadetests.Step5istodrawaconclusionandshareitwithothers.（1）WhydoesthewriterusetheexampleofthesunandtheearthinParagraph1？A.Toshowwhatnon﹣scientificthinkingislike.B.Toprovethatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.C.Tohelppeopleexplaintheworldaroundthem.D.Totelluspeopleinancienttimeswereclever.（2）Whatdoyouknowaboutthestepsinscientificthinking？A.Manyfindingsarefromwhatyousee.B.Conclusionsusuallycomefromtesting.C.Interviewingisaquickwaytogetanswers.D.Questionsaremoreimportantthananswers.（3）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A.Thereasonswhyscientificthinkingismorepopular.B.Thepossibleexplanationsfornon﹣scientificthinking.C.Thedifferencesbetweenscientificandnon﹣scientificthinking.D.Theconclusionsmadebyscientificandnon﹣scientificthinking.17．（8分）Teens（青少年）willhaveadutyoncaringfortheenvironment.However，accordingtoanewstudy，teens'lowinterestinnaturemaybesomethingweshouldworryabout.Thestudyfindsthatteenagers'interestinnaturewanes.Researchersasked1，269students，ages8to14，totakepartinanonlinesurveyacrossfourweeksinMarch2017.Thequestionsweredesignedtohelpresearcherstellhowmuchthekids'interestisinnature.Thefindingsshowthatforchildrenages8to11，oneoutoftwofeltveryclosetonature.However，intheolderagegroup，onlyoneinfivefeltthesamecloseness.Howdidthishappen？Naturalreasons，suchasthebeginningofpuberty（青春期）andhormonalchanges，couldleadtoteens'changinginterests.Expertsnoteotherreasonscouldincludeteens'activities，suchassportsandspendingtimewithfriends，whichcouldtakemoreof'teensattention.Andofcourse，computersandtechnologyalsotaketheirattention.Theeffects（影響）ofnatureonourhealtharetoomanytobetold.Thefindingssaidthatspendingtimeinparks，forests.andothergreenspacesasachildloweredtherisk（降低風險）ofdevelopinganumberofhealthproblems.Kids"interestinnatureisnotjustgoodforthemselves，buttoothers，andtheworldasawhole.Soitisimportanttohelpkidskeepaninterestinnature.Therearemanywaysthatparentscanplayapart.Youcanencouragekidstospendtimeoutdoorsdoingfunactivitiesorvisitplacesthatfocusonthebeautyofnature.Youcanalsosetanexampleforyourteens.Recyclingandvolunteeringtohelpcleanupthecommunityshowthatyouareinterestedinprotectingtheenvironment，andthatwillinfluence（影響）teensaswell.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"wanes"inParagraph2probablymean？A.Goesup.B.Get'slarger.C.Staysfixed.D.Becomesweaker.（2）WhatcanyoulearnfromParagraph3？A.Computerstakemostofteens'attention.B.Teensspendtoomuchtimedoingsports.C.Naturalreasonscouldchangeteens'interestinnature.D.Teens'activitiesarethemainreasonfortheirproblems.（3）Paragraph4mainlytalksabout.A.theideasaboutnatureprotectionB.theeffectsofnatureontheworldC.whatplacesareimportantforhealthD.whykids'interestinnatureishelpful（4）Whydoesthewriterwritethispassage？A.Totellkidssomewaystosolvenaturalproblems.B.Toadviseparentstohelpteenskeepaninterestinnature.C.Toaskteacherstohelpstudentsprotecttheenvironment.D.Toencouragechildrentolearnmoreabouttheenvironment.第二部分四、閱讀表達（共10分）閱讀短文，根據短文內容回答問題。18．（10分）Peoplerecentlyexpressedgreatsurpriseatamap.Itclearlyshowsthecountry'shistoricsitesandculturalrelics（歷史古跡和文物）.ThemapwasmadebyWuYunjie，whowasborninthe1990s，CCTVNewsreported.Wuiscrazyaboutculturalrelicsandhasadeepinterestinhistory.Whenhewasincollege，hewouldoftenmakeuseofhisfreetimetotravelaroundthecountry，exploringandrecordingthedetailsofhistoricsites.In2020，hestartedcollectinginformationonculturalrelicsandmakingthemap.Wuspentalotoftimeonresearchandcarryingouton﹣sitevisits.Thoughfacedwithmanydifficulties，Wuhasjoyin"thisjob".Sofar，Wuhastraveledtonearly30provinces（省）andcitiesacrossthecountry，visitedover2，000culturalrelicsitesandmorethan200museums，andtakenover300，000photos.Now，themaphemadehasnearly10，000historicallandmarkswithdifferentcolors：Redsigns（標記）showtheculturalrelicsitesunderstateprotection（國家保護）orthenational﹣levelmuseums，whilegreensignsstandfortheprovinciallyprotectedhistoricalsites.Themapispopularonline，andapersonposted，"Iactuallyfoundtheoldtower（塔）aroundmyhouseonthemap!"However，inWu'seyes，themapisnotperfect.Itcannotbesharedasanonlinemapyet.ButWuhasbeenworkingonimprovingit."Ifpossible，Ialsowanttorecordtheculturalrelicsthathavebeenlostoverseas.Theymaynotbeabletoreturntotheirhomelandrightnow，butthestoriesthattheycarryarewhatweneedtoknow.（1）Whatdoesthemapshow？（2）WhendidWustarttomakethemap？（3）Whatdogreensignsonthemapstandfor？（4）WhatdoyouthinkofthejobWuhasdoneonthemap？Whydoyouthinkso？（Pleasegivetworeasons.）五、文段表達（10分）19．（10分）某英文網站正在開展以"Teamwork"為主題的征文活動。假如你是李華，請用英文寫一篇短文投稿，分享你的一次團隊合作經歷，以及你從中得到的收獲。提示詞語：basketballgame，lose，catch，practice，support提示問題：?Shareastoryaboutyourexperienceofworkinginateam.?Whathaveyoulearnedfromtheexperience？Teamworkisveryimportant._______

2023-2024學年北京市石景山區八年級（上）期末英語試卷參考答案與試題解析第一部分本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的四個選項中，選出最符合題目要求的一項。一、單項填空（每題0.5分，共6分）從下列各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1．（0.5分）ThisbookisforMary.Pleasepassitto______.（）A．her B．them C．him D．it【解答】her她，賓格；them他們，賓格；him他，賓格；it它，主格/賓格。to是介詞，后接人稱代詞賓格；根據句意可知，此處指的是把這本書遞給瑪麗，因此應用her，passsthtosb"把某物傳遞給某人"。故選：A。2．（0.5分）The19thAsianGamesopenedSeptember23inHangzhou.（）A．in B．at C．on D．of【解答】on后跟星期、具體日期及具體的早中晚；at后跟具體時刻；of表示……的；in后跟年份、月份、季節等。句子中September23指的是具體的某一天，使用介詞on。故選：C。3．（0.5分）Youshouldn'tlistentoloudmusic______itcanhurtyourears.（）A．because B．but C．so D．although【解答】A因為；B但是；C所以；D雖然。根據設空處前的句子Youshouldn'tlistentoloudmusic（你不應該聽大聲的音樂）與設空處后的句子itcanhurtyourears（它會傷害你的耳朵）是因果關系，所以此處可以用because來引導原因狀語從句。故選：A。4．（0.5分）﹣Excuseme，________arethetomatoes？﹣Theyare7yuanakilo．（）A．howold B．howmuch C．howlong D．howmany【解答】A．howold多大，提問年齡；B．howmuch多少，提問價格；C．howlong多久，提問時段；D．howmany多少，提問可數名詞復數．根據Theyare7yuanakilo．可知問的是價格．故選：B．5．（0.5分）I______inHaikoufiveyearsago，butnowIliveinBeijing.（）A．live B．lived C．amliving D．willlive【解答】live居住，是動詞原形；lived是過去式；amliving是現在進行時；willlive是一般將來時。根據句意和時間狀語fiveyearsago可知，前句表述過去發生的事情，要用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式。故選：B。6．（0.5分）—______wefinishthistasktoday？—No，youdon'thaveto.Youcanfinishittomorrow.（）A．Must B．May C．Can D．Shall【解答】A必須；B可以；C可能；D將要。根據No，youdon'thaveto.Youcanfinishittomorrow.（不，你不需要。你可以明天完成它。）可知問的是必須完成嗎。故選：A。7．（0.5分）Thenewlibraryinourschoolismuch______thantheoldone．（）A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．thebiggest【解答】big大的；bigger更大的；thebiggest最大的；根據關鍵詞than，可知這個句子要用形容詞的比較級來填空，結合給出的四個選項，因此可知這句話的意思是"我們學校的這個新圖書館，要比舊的大的多．"故選：B．8．（0.5分）﹣Whatisyourbrotherdoing？﹣He______aposterabouttraditionalChinesefestivals.（）A．makes B．willmake C．ismaking D．made【解答】make"制作"。A，一般現在時；B.一般將來時；C.現在進行時；D.一般過去時。根據Whatisyourbrotherdoing（你的哥哥在做什么）可知，時態是現在進行時。故選：C。9．（0.5分）﹣Wheredidyougolastweekend？﹣I________campingbyalakewithmyparents．（）A．go B．willgo C．amgoing D．went【解答】根據did可知是一般過去時態，此題根據語境：上周末你去哪兒了？﹣我和父母去湖邊露營了．wentcamping去露營．故選：D．10．（0.5分）Mikeis1.8meterstall．Heis_________boyinhisclass．（）A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest【解答】答案：D．tall意思是"高的"其比較級是在后面加er，最高級是在后面加est，使用最高級的時候，要有一個表示比較的范圍，在這個范圍里，最…如果有修飾成分作定語修飾名詞的話，最高級前面要用定冠詞the．根據"Heis_________boyinhisclass"以及給出選項，可知他班里最高的男孩，所以要用最高級，又因為后面有修飾成分inhisclass，所以前面的最高級要加the，故選：D。11．（0.5分）Lisa______toschoolwhenshesawtheaccidentyesterdaymorning.（）A．walked B．iswalking C．waswalking D．haswalked【解答】walk"步行"。A.一般過去時；B.現在進行時；C.過去進行時；D.現在完成時。根據whenshesawtheaccidentyesterdaymorning（昨天早上看到事故時）可知，主句用過去進行時。故選：C。12．（0.5分）We______cookinglessonsnextterm.Howexcitingitis!（）A．have B．had C．willhave D．werehaving【解答】have有，是動詞原形；had是過去式；willhave是一般將來時；werehaving是過去進行時。根據句意和時間狀語nextterm可知，此句表述將來要發生的事情，要用一般將來時。故選：C。二、完形填空（每題1分，共8分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。13．（8分）"Hey，Ben，let'sgoridingtothepark，"calledDion.HeandThomaswereontheirbikesandwantedBentocomealong.Benshookhishead（1）A.Allofhisfriendshadbicycles.Hedidnot.Benwishedhehadonesohecouldgoridingwithhisfriends.Heusedtohaveatricycle（三輪車）whenhewassmall，buthewasmuchtoobigforthatnow.Whenheaskedhismomfora（2）B，hismomsaid，"Notyet，Ben."Shetoldhimhehadto（3）Auntilhisbirthday.Bendidnotwanttodothat.Hewasfeelingsad.Oneday，Benwenttotheparknearhishouse.Whenhegotthere，hesawtherewerenootherkidstoplaywith﹣theparkwasempty.Hewasabouttogobackhomewhenhe（4）Dsomething.Therewasanicebikeneartheswings.Thebikewasnotlockedup（鎖住）.Therewasnobodyaround.Itwouldbeeasytotakethebike.Ben（5）Cifheshoulddoit.Bentouchedthebike.Ifhetookit，hewouldnothavetowaituntilhisbirthday.Hecould（6）Bwithhisfriends.Thatwouldmakehimhappy.Hewantedtotakethebike.Whatshouldhedo？Benthoughtaboutit.Thiswasnothisbike.Itbelongedtosomebodyelse.Thatkidwouldbeverysadto（7）Cthebike，Benthought.Heknewhewouldbesadifakidtookabikefromhim.Thiswasabadidea.Benturnedawayfromthebike.Hedecidedtowaituntilhisbirthday.Ashewalkedhome，stillwithoutabicycle，Benfelt（8）D.（1）A.sadlyB.secretlyC.suddenlyD.coldly（2）A.tricycleB.bikeC.swingD.cake（3）A.waitB.returnC.keepD.prepare（4）A.picturedB.facedC.rememberedD.noticed（5）A.dreamedB.decidedC.wonderedD.guessed（6）A.stepB.rideC.holdD.jump（7）A.takeB.shareC.loseD.show（8）A.tiredB.surprisedC.crazyD.happy【解答】（1）考查副詞。句意：本難過地搖搖頭。A.悲傷地；B.秘密地；C.突然；D.冷漠地。結合下文Allofhisfriendshadbicycles.Hedidnot.（他所有的朋友都有自行車。他沒有。）可知，此處是本難過地搖搖頭，故選：A。（2）考查名詞。句意：當他向媽媽要自行車時，媽媽說："還沒有，本。"A.三輪車；B.自行車；C.秋千；D.蛋糕。結合上文Allofhisfriendshadbicycles.Hedidnot.（他所有的朋友都有自行車。他沒有。）可知，此處是向媽媽要自行車，故選：B。（3）考查動詞。句意：她告訴他必須等到生日。本不想那樣做。A.等待；B.返回；C.保持；D.準備。結合下文hisbirthday（他的生日）可知，此處是等到生日，故選：A。（4）考查動詞。句意：他正要回家，突然他注意到了什么。A.畫畫；B.面對；C.記住；D.注意到。結合下文Therewasanicebikeneartheswings.（秋千附近有一輛漂亮的自行車。）可知，此處是他注意到了什么，故選：D。（5）考查動詞。句意：本想知道他是否應該這么做（騎走）。A.做夢；B.決定；C.想知道；D.猜測。結合上文Thebikewasnotlockedup.Therewasnobodyaround.Itwouldbeeasytotakethebike.（自行車沒有鎖上。周圍一個人也沒有。騎走自行車很容易。）可知，此處是想知道，故選：C。（6）考查動詞。句意：他可以和朋友們一起騎車。A.跨步；B.騎行；C.保持；D.跳躍。結合上文Bentouchedthebike.Ifhetookit，hewouldnothavetowaituntilhisbirthday.（本碰了一下自行車。如果他接受了，他就不用等到生日了。）可知，此處是和朋友們一起騎車，故選：B。（7）考查動詞。句意：本想，那孩子丟了自行車會很傷心的。A.拿；B.分享；C.丟失；D.表演。結合下文Heknewhewouldbesadifakidtookabikefromhim.Thiswasabadidea.（他知道如果一個孩子從他手里拿走一輛自行車，他會很難過。這是個壞主意。）可知，此處是那孩子丟了自行車會很傷心的，故選：C。（8）考查形容詞。句意：當本走回家的路上，仍然沒有自行車，他感到很高興。A.疲憊的；B.驚訝的；C.瘋狂的；D.快樂的。結合上文Benturnedawayfromthebike.Hedecidedtowaituntilhisbirthday.（本轉身離開自行車。他決定等到他的生日。）可知，此處是他感到很高興，故選：D。三、閱讀理解（每題2分，共26分）（一）14．（6分）閱讀下列博物館介紹，請根據人物喜好和需求匹配最適合的參觀地點，并將博物館所對應的A、B、C、D選項選填在相應位置上。選項中有一項為多余選項。WinterProgramsatMuseumsA.ThePostalMuseumWouldyouliketojoinusthiswintervacation？Youcancreateastampwithyourowndesign，writeandmailapostcard，andlearnaboutthehistoryofstamps.B.TheAirandSpaceMuseumIfyouenjoyprogramsaboutairandspace，pleasecomehere.It'sagoodplacetomakeandflyyourownpaperairplane，watchanIMAXmovie，andclimbintoarealairplane.C.TheScienceMuseumYoucanexperiencevideoartsandcomputertechnology，playVRgamestoexploreafuturecity，andasktherobotsquestionsaboutscience.Itwillbewonderful!Havefun!D.TheBuildingMuseumWanttoenjoydesigning？Comeandjoinus.Youcanalsogoonfieldtripstosomefamousbuildings，andbuildsmallhouseswithsoftblocks（木塊）.Alltheprogramsarefree.（1）BAlice：Ihopetoclimbintoarealairplaneandexperienceflying.（2）CTony：Iwanttoknowsomethingaboutafuturecity.（3）AHarry：I'minterestedincollectingstampsandIwanttocreateastampbymyself.【解答】（1）細節推理題。根據表格第1行第2列：It'sagoodplacetomakeandflyyourownpaperairplane，watchanIMAXmovie，andclimbintoarealairplane.（這是一個制作和放飛自己的紙飛機、觀看IMAX電影和爬進真飛機的好地方。）可知，艾麗斯希望爬進一架真正的飛機，體驗飛行。可以去航空航天博物館。故選B。（2）細節推理題。根據表格第2行第1列：Youcanexperiencevideoartsandcomputertechnology，playVRgamestoexploreafuturecity，andasktherobotsquestionsaboutscience.（你可以體驗視頻藝術和計算機技術，玩虛擬現實游戲探索未來城市，并向機器人詢問有關科學的問題。）可知，托尼想了解一個未來的城市。可以去建筑博物館。故選C。（3）細節推理題。根據表格第1行第1列：Youcancreateastampwithyourowndesign，writeandmailapostcard，andlearnaboutthehistoryofstamps.（你可以用自己的設計制作一枚郵票，寫并郵寄一張明信片，了解郵票的歷史。）可知，哈里：對集郵感興趣，想自己制作一張郵票。可以去郵政博物館。故選A。（二）閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。15．（6分）GivingShariwassoexcitedforherbirthday.Shethoughtaboutthefunpartyandthepresentsshewouldget.However，hermomtoldherthatshehadtomakeroomfornewtoysbychoosingsomeoldtoystogiveaway.Shariwasnothappy.Shelovedallofhertoys!Hermomsatdownwithherinfrontofhertoys.Theylookedthroughthetoysoneatatime.MostofthetoysShariwantedtokeep.Hermomputtheminthe"keep"pile（堆）.ThenSharisawonetoybearthatshehadforgottenabout."Oh，lookatthelovelybear!Keephim，please，"shetoldhermom."Shari，youforgotabouthim.Areyousureyouwillreallyplaywithhimagain？"Momasked."Well，yes.Iwillplaywithhim."Sharisaidunhappily."That'sfine，buttheremightbesomeoneelseouttherewhowouldlovetohavehim.Somekidsdon'thaveanytoys."saidMom.Whentheywerefinished，therewasaverylarge"keep"pile，andsometoysinthe"donate"（據）and"maybe"piles.MomandSharicleanedthe"maybe"and"donate"toys，thenputtheminbags.Theywenttoaplacewherehomelesskidslived.Theyaskedtheworkersiftheycouldhandouttoys.Seeingthekids'smilesmadeSharisohappy.ShariturnedtohermomandaskedIftheycouldgetthe"maybe"bagoutofthecar.Theotherkidsneededthosetoysmorethanshedid!Sharifeltsogreatthatherchoicemadetheotherkidssohappy.（1）WhatdidShari'smomaskhertodo？CA.Tobuyhomelesskidssomenewgifts.B.Toinvitefriendstoherbirthdayparty.C.Tochoosesomeoldtoystogiveaway.D.Tohelptheworkersmakesometoys.（2）HowdidSharifeelwhenhermomtalkedaboutthetoybearwithher？DA.Surprised.B.Relaxed.C.Unlucky.D.Unhappy.（3）WhatmadeSharichangeattheendofthestory？AA.Thehomelesskids'smiles.B.Theamazingbirthdayparty.C.Hermother'stouchingwords.D.Herfriends'birthdaypresents.【解答】（1）細節理解題。根據第一段However，hermomtoldherthatshehadtomakeroomfornewtoysbychoosingsomeoldtoystogiveaway.（而，她的媽媽告訴她，她必須選擇一些舊玩具贈送，為新玩具騰出空間。）可知，Shari的媽媽讓她贈送一些舊玩具。故選：C。（2）細節理解題。根據第五段Sharisaidunhappily.（Shari不高興地說。）可知，當Shari媽媽和她談論玩具熊時，Shari不高興。故選：D。（3）細節理解題。根據最后一段Seeingthekids'smilesmadeSharisohappy.ShariturnedtohermomandaskedIftheycouldgetthe"maybe"bagoutofthecar.Theotherkidsneededthosetoysmorethanshedid!Sharifeltsogreatthatherchoicemadetheotherkidssohappy.（看到孩子們的笑容，Shari很開心。Shari轉向她的媽媽，問他們是否可以把"也許"的袋子從車里拿出來。其他孩子比她更需要這些玩具！Shari感覺很好，她的選擇讓其他孩子都很開心。）可知，孩子們的笑容，這讓她發生了轉變。故選：A。16．（6分）Inancient（古代的）times，peopletriedtoexplaintheworldbasedonwhattheysaw.Peoplesawthatthesuncameupfromonesideoftheearthandwentdownontheotherside.Sotheybelievedthatthesuntraveledaroundtheearth.Goingdirectlyfromobservation（觀察）toconclusion（結論）iscallednon﹣scientificthinking.Hereisanexampleofnon﹣scientificthinking.Maybeyouhadastomachache，andatesomechocolates.Anhourlater，youfeltmuchbetter.Youmightthinkthatitwasthechocolatesthatmadeyoufeelbetter.Butthereareotherpossibleexplanations.Maybeyouhadtakensomemedicineanhourearlier，andittookawhiletowork.Maybeenoughtimehadpassed，andyouwouldhavefeltbetterwithouteatingthechocolates.Whilethescientificmethodisawayofthinkingthathelpsyoutoavoiddrawingwrongconclusions.Ithelpsyoutoavoidnon﹣scientificthinking.Itremindsyoutotakeyourfirstconclusionasoneofseveralpossibleconclusions.Italsoremindsyoutofindevidence（證據）tosupportyourconclusion.Thefivestepsinthescientificmethodbeginbyquestioninganobservation，andendwithaconclusionthatisbasedonevidence.Step1istoaskaquestionaboutyourobservation，suchas，"Whatmakesastomachachefeelbetter？"Step2istostateapossibleanswertothequestion，suchas，"Chocolatesmakeasickstomachfeelbetter."Step3istotest.Youcouldwaituntilyouhaveastomachacheagain，eatsomechocolates，andseewhathappens.Youcouldaskalotofpeopleifeatingchocolateshadevermadeastomachachefeelbetter.Step4istothinkaboutthefindings﹣thinkaboutwhathappenedwhenyoumadetests.Step5istodrawaconclusionandshareitwithothers.（1）WhydoesthewriterusetheexampleofthesunandtheearthinParagraph1？AA.Toshowwhatnon﹣scientificthinkingislike.B.Toprovethatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.C.Tohelppeopleexplaintheworldaroundthem.D.Totelluspeopleinancienttimeswereclever.（2）Whatdoyouknowaboutthestepsinscientificthinking？BA.Manyfindingsarefromwhatyousee.B.Conclusionsusuallycomefromtesting.C.Interviewingisaquickwaytogetanswers.D.Questionsaremoreimportantthananswers.（3）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？CA.Thereasonswhyscientificthinkingismorepopular.B.Thepossibleexplanationsfornon﹣scientificthinking.C.Thedifferencesbetweenscientificandnon﹣scientificthinking.D.Theconclusionsmadebyscientificandnon﹣scientificthinking.【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據第一段Peoplesawthatthesuncameupfromonesideoftheearthandwentdownontheotherside.Sotheybelievedthatthesuntraveledaroundtheearth.Goingdirectlyfromobservation（觀察）toconclusion（結論）iscallednon﹣scientificthinking.（人們看到太陽從地球的一邊升起，從地球的另一邊落下。所以他們相信太陽繞著地球轉。直接從觀察得出結論被稱為非科學思維。）可知地球和太陽的例子是為了解釋什么是非科學思維。故選A。（2）推理判斷題。根據第四段Youcouldwaituntilyouhaveastomachacheagain，eatsomechocolates，andseewhathappens.Youcouldaskalotofpeopleifeatingchocolateshadevermadeastomachachefeelbetter.（第三步是測試。你可以等到下次胃痛時，吃一些巧克力，看看會發生什么。你也可以問很多人，吃巧克力是否曾經讓胃痛感覺好轉。）可知結論通常來源于測試。故選B。（3）主旨大意題。根據第二段Hereisanexampleofnon﹣scientificthinking.（這是一個非科學思維的例子。）和第三段Whilethescientificmethodisawayofthinkingthathelpsyoutoavoiddrawingwrongconclusions.（而科學的方法是一種思維方式，可以幫助你避免得出錯誤的結論。）可知本文主要講了非科學思維和科學思維的區別。故選C。17．（8分）Teens（青少年）willhaveadutyoncaringfortheenvironment.However，accordingtoanewstudy，teens'lowinterestinnaturemaybesomethingweshouldworryabout.Thestudyfindsthatteenagers'interestinnaturewanes.Researchersasked1，269students，ages8to14，totakepartinanonlinesurveyacrossfourweeksinMarch2017.Thequestionsweredesi