高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省創(chuàng)新發(fā)展聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthewomangettotheairport?A.Bysubway.B.Bytaxi.C.Bycar.2.Whatwillthemandolater?A.Buyvegetables.B.Cookdinner.C.Eatout.3.WhenisDr.Brownfreetoday?A.At10:15pm.B.At11:15am.C.At2:30pm.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Ataclothesshop.B.Atschool.C.Attheman’shouse.5.Howmanylanguagesisthemanlearningnow?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whattimeisitnow?A.7:00pm.B.7:10pm.C.7:30pm.7.WhyisSaracoming?A.Toattendaparty.B.Todobabysittingwork.C.Todeliverashirt.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.What’swrongwithSam?A.Hegotseriouslyill.B.Helosthismotorbike.C.Hewashitbyacar.9.Wherewillthemangothisafternoon?A.Thepolicestation.B.Thehospital.C.Sam’shome.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Askingforadvice.B.Givinganinterview.C.Introducingherfamily.11.Whomightthewomanbetalkingto?A.Auniversitystudent.B.Aprivateresearcher.C.Aschoolteacher.12.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Interviewmorepeople.B.Preparesomequestions.C.Chooseanothertopic.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.WhodoesJimwanttosendaletterto?A.Lucy.B.Hissister.C.Hisfriend.14.Whenarethespeakersgoingtomeettomorrowmorning?A.At7:00.B.At7:30.C.At8:00.15.Whatdotheyneedtobuyforthepicnic?A.Fastfood.B.Fruitandvegetable.C.Foodanddrink.16.Whatwillthespeakersdothisafternoon?A.Goshoppingtogether.B.Haveapicnicintheforest.C.Meetoutsidetheparkgate.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.InwhichpartofMinnesotawillthestormstart?A.Thenorthernpart.B.Thesouthernpart.C.Theeasternpart.18.WhenwillthestormgettotheEastCoast?A.OnFriday.B.OnThursday.C.OnWednesday.19.HowdeepwillthesnowbeinthemountainsofNewYork?A.Aboutfourinches.B.Abouteightinches.C.Abouttwelveinches.20.Whatshouldpeoplepaythemostattentionto?A.Thehighwinds.B.Thelowtemperatures.C.Theheavysnowfalls.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAsanimportantpartofThreeParallelRiversScenicArea,PotatsoNationalPark(PudacuoNationalPark)isfamousforlush(草木繁茂的)mountains,meadows(草地),lakes,rareanimalsandTibetanculture.Abouta50-minutedrivefromdowntownShangri-La,theparkcontainsthreemainparts:ShuduLakeScenicArea,BitahaiLakeScenicArea,andMilitangAlpinePasture.Youcanreachthembythetouristbusfromtheparkentrance.Travelingaroundtheparkcanbequiterelaxingifyoutakethebustoseeeachscenicareaonebyone.Woodenboardwalksalongthelakesallowyouaneasywalkasyoutakeinthebeautifullakeviewsandthesurroundingmountainscenery.Oryoucantakeaboattriponthelakesforamorerelaxingscenicexperience.Ifyouwantmoreofachallenge,therearealsosomeshorthikingroutesinthepark.Horseridingisalsoavailableinthepark.Routeone:WalkfromLourongVillagetoJietiWaterfall--about2.2km,takingabout50minutes.Youwillseebeautifulriverviewsalongsidethepath.Routetwo:ShuduLakeNorthShorePiertoTibetanCultureExperienceArea--about3km,takingabout1.5hours.Youcanseetheprimeval(原始的)forestandenjoyTibetancultureduringthishikingtrip.Suitablefor:naturelovers,hikers.Access:Shangri-Laisabouta6-hourflightfromBeijing.Besttimetovisit:TheweatheriscomfortablefromMaytoSeptemberandthemeadowsarefullofbloomingwildflowers.Recommendedvisittime:ahalfdayforthepark,but3daysaresuggestedforaShangri-Latrip.YoucanalsoextendthetriptoLijiangandMeiliSnowMountain,whicharebothwithin4hours’driving.1.Whatistheparkfamousfor?A.Newtemplesandhistoricalsites.B.Rarewildlifeandnaturalscenery.C.Adventuresportsandexcitingactivities.D.Traditionalfestivalsandmusicalperformances.2.Whatcanvisitorsdointhepark?A.Swiminthelakes. B.Participateinhorseracing.C.Takeaboattriponthelakes. D.Rentacarfromworkersofthepark.3.Whenisthebesttimetovisitthepark?A.FromDecembertoFebruary. B.FromMarchtoApril.C.FromMaytoSeptember. D.FromOctobertoNovember.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了普達(dá)措國(guó)家公園。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“AsanimportantpartofThreeParallelRiversScenicArea,PotatsoNationalPark(PudacuoNationalPark)isfamousforlush(草木繁茂的)mountains,meadows(草地),lakes,rareanimalsandTibetanculture.(作為三江并流風(fēng)景區(qū)的重要組成部分，普達(dá)措國(guó)家公園以郁郁蔥蔥的山脈、草地、湖泊、珍稀動(dòng)物和西藏文化而聞名。)”可知,普達(dá)措國(guó)家公園以山脈、草地、湖泊、珍稀動(dòng)物和西藏文化而聞名。故選B。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Oryoucantakeaboattriponthelakesforamorerelaxingscenicexperience.(或者你可以乘船游覽湖泊，享受更輕松的風(fēng)景體驗(yàn)。)”可知,在普達(dá)措國(guó)家公園里，游客可以乘船游覽湖泊。故選C。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Besttimetovisit部分中“TheweatheriscomfortablefromMaytoSeptemberandthemeadowsarefullofbloomingwildflowers.(5月至9月，天氣宜人，草地上開(kāi)滿了盛開(kāi)的野花。)”可知，游玩普達(dá)措國(guó)家公園的最佳時(shí)間是5月至9月。故選C。BForthepastyear,Diannehasbeenwalking2.7milestothemarketplacedownHighlandRoadwheresheworks.Sheusedtodoitfivetimesaweeksincehercarbrokedownlastyear.Itwastiringandtimeconsumingforherbutshedidn’thaveachoicebecauseofherfinancialsituation.Everythingchangedwhensomethingunexpectedhappened.Shewaswalkinghomefromworkandshedecidedtostopatthegasstationtograbasnack.However,beforeshecouldsetherfootinside,shenoticedsomethingoutoftheordinary.Shelookeddownonthegroundandfoundaplasticbagwithalargesumofmoneyinit.Shewasshockedtoseehowmuchmoneywasinsidetheplasticbagbutshewouldn’ttakeit.Asagrandmotheroftwo,sheknewexactlywhattodo.Shedidwhatsheknewwasrightandcalledthepolice.Itdidn’ttakelongforthepoliceofficerstofindtheownersofthemoneysincetherewerecardswiththeiraddress.Itturnedoutthatthemoneywasownedbyacouplewhogotmarriedearlierthatday.ThecashDiannefoundwasatotalof$14,780andthepolicereturnedittothecouplewhoownedit.Dianne’shonestymadeagreatimpactonthepoliceofficersaswellastheirfamilies.Apoliceofficer’swifesetupaGoFundMetohelpDianne,hopingthatalotofpeoplewouldbetouchedbyherkindness.TheGoFundMehasraisedover$60,000.Diannereceivedabrand-newJeepasarewardforhergooddeed.Diannesaidshewouldliketopayitforwardsoshewasgoingtogiveherco-workersaridewhentheyneededone.Shealsohassomeadviceforeveryone:Ifyoufindsomethingthatdoesn’tbelongtoyou,don’tkeepit.4.HowdidDiannegotoworkayearago?A.Bybike. B.Onfoot. C.Bytrain. D.Bycar.5.WhydidDianneleavehercarunrepaired?A.Shelackedtime. B.Sheownedanewone.C.Shewantedtoworkout. D.Shewasshortofmoney.6.WhatwasDianne’sreactionwhenseeingtheamountofthemoney?A.Unbelievable. B.Uncomfortable. C.Satisfied. D.Frightened.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Healthisbetterthanwealth. B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.Careandworkinghardbringluck. D.Peoplealwayshelpthosewhohelpthemselves.〖答案〗4.D5.D6.A7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Dianne拾金不昧的故事。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Sheusedtodoitfivetimesaweeksincehercarbrokedownlastyear.(自從去年她的車壞了以后，她一周走五次。)”可知，Dianne在車去年壞了之后，就走路上班，由此表示在此之前都是開(kāi)車上班的。故選D。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知“Itwastiringandtimeconsumingforherbutshedidn’thaveachoicebecauseofherfinancialsituation.(這對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)既累人又耗時(shí)，但由于她的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，她別無(wú)選擇。)”可知，她之所以選擇不修車，是因?yàn)樽约旱慕?jīng)濟(jì)狀況不佳即缺錢。故選D。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Shewasshockedtoseehowmuchmoneywasinsidetheplasticbagbutshewouldn’ttakeit.(看到塑料袋里有那么多錢，她很震驚，但她不愿意接受。)”可知，當(dāng)看到一袋子錢的時(shí)候，她驚呆了即感覺(jué)到難以置信。故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThecashDiannefoundwasatotalof$14,780andthepolicereturnedittothecouplewhoownedit.(Dianne發(fā)現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)金總額為14780美元，警方將其歸還給了擁有它的夫婦。)”以及最后一段“Diannereceivedabrand-newJeepasarewardforhergooddeed.(Dianne得到了一輛嶄新的吉普車作為她做好事的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。)”以及通讀全文可知，文章講述了Dianne走路去市場(chǎng)上班的故事。有一天她在路上撿到了一個(gè)裝滿錢的塑料袋，并主動(dòng)聯(lián)系警察找到了失主，得到了贊賞和一輛新車作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。Dianne決定回報(bào)社會(huì)，并給同事們提供出行幫助。她還提醒大家不要拿走不屬于自己的東西。B選項(xiàng)“Onegoodturndeservesanother.(善有善報(bào))”符合文章信息。故選B。CThedrone(無(wú)人機(jī))isflyingabovetheAmazonRiverinBrazil,butitsbatteryisrunninglow.AndreCoelho,thechiefpilot,guidesitbacktosafetywithskillsperfectedbyplayingvideogames.Longhours’practicinghasbecomeasurprisingbenefitinanefforttoconservedolphinsthatliveintheriver.MarceloOliveira,aconservationspecialist,standsonthebowofaboat.Hepullsthewhitedronefromtheair,changesthebattery,andquicklysendsitbackinthesky.Later,scientistswillexaminethevideowhichhasrecordedforsignsofthetwospeciesofdolphinsthatinhabittheriver:thepinkandbulbousboto(亞馬孫河豚),andthesmaller,prettiertucuxi(白海豚).Exactlyhowmanyliveinthebasinisamystery.SomestudieshavesuggestedadeclineofthepinkdolphinsinspecificareasoftheAmazonRiver,buttheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)saysthereisn’tenoughdataavailableforeitherspeciesofdolphins.“Weneedtobaseeverythingonharddata,”saysMiriamMarmontel,ascientist.“Weneedtofocusonwhat’sreallycriticaltohelpusgettoarealsituationthatcaninfluencepolicy.Weneednumbers.Weneedinformationondeathandreproduction.Marmontel’sbiggestconcernisthatdolphinsarebeingcaughtinthenetsoflocalfishermen.Scientistshavealsogivenawarningagainstfishermen’skillingbotos.Pollutionfromgoldminingisalsoaconcern.ThescientistswanttousetheinformationtheycollecttopersuadetheIUCNtolistthebotoandthetucuxiasendangeredspecies.Fundingagenciesandgovernmentswantevidence.WithouttheIUCN’scategorization,it’sdifficulttoraisethemoneyforprotectionmeasures.Theyhopetheirdronemonitoringwilldothetrick.DuringthreetripstotheAmazonlastyear,theteamhasrecordedabout70samples(樣本)thatwillcontributetoamoreaccurateestimateofdolphinpopulationsintheAmazonbasin.8.WhatareCoelhoandOliveiradoingintheAmazonRiver?A.Testingthedronetheydesignedforfun. B.Recordingthevideooftheflowingriver.C.Collectingdataondolphinswithadrone. D.Playingavideogame.9.WhatcanmakeMiriamMarmontelworrymostaccordingtothetext?A.Thefishermen’slivingconditions. B.Themoneyforprotectionmeasures.C.Thepollutionfromthegoldmining. D.Thedolphinsbeingcaughtbyfishermen.10.Whatisthepurposeofthedronemonitoring?A.ToraisemoneytoprotecttheAmazonbasin.B.Tofindevidencefortheneedtotakemeasures.C.TourgegovernmentstorecordAmazonspecies.D.TogetanexactnumberofspeciesintheAmazon.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothedronemonitoringinthetext?A.Indifferent. B.Negative. C.Approving. D.Unclear.〖答案〗8.C9.D10.B11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們正努力收集亞馬孫河里海豚的數(shù)據(jù)，以促使相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)采取措施保護(hù)海豚。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Longhours’practicinghasbecomeasurprisingbenefitinanefforttoconservedolphinsthatliveintheriver.(長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的練習(xí)已經(jīng)成為保護(hù)生活在河里的海豚的一個(gè)驚人的好處)”和第二段中的“Later,scientistswillexaminethevideowhichhasrecordedforsignsofthetwospeciesofdolphinsthatinhabittheriver:thepinkandbulbousboto(亞馬孫河豚),andthesmaller,prettiertucuxi(白海豚).(隨后，科學(xué)家們將研究這段錄像，以尋找生活在這條河上的兩種海豚的蹤跡：粉色和球莖的水豚，以及體型更小、更漂亮的土曲豚)”可知，科學(xué)家們研究無(wú)人機(jī)拍攝的錄像訓(xùn)中生活在這條河上的兩種海豚的蹤跡。由此推知，他們正在利用無(wú)人機(jī)收集海豚的信息。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Marmontel’sbiggestconcernisthatdolphinsarebeingcaughtinthenetsoflocalfishermen.(Marmontel最擔(dān)心的是海豚被當(dāng)?shù)貪O民的漁網(wǎng)捕獲)”可知，Marmontel最擔(dān)心的是海豚會(huì)被當(dāng)?shù)貪O民的漁網(wǎng)捕獲。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“ThescientistswanttousetheinformationtheycollecttopersuadetheIUCNtolistthebotoandthetucuxiasendangeredspecies.Fundingagenciesandgovernmentswantevidence.WithouttheIUCN’scategorization,it’sdifficulttoraisethemoneyforprotectionmeasures.(科學(xué)家們希望利用他們收集到的信息來(lái)說(shuō)服世界自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟將狐猴和土兔列為瀕危物種。資助機(jī)構(gòu)和政府需要證據(jù)。如果沒(méi)有世界自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟的分類，就很難籌集到保護(hù)措施的資金)”可知，科學(xué)家們希望利用他們收集的信息說(shuō)服IUCN把亞馬孫河豚和白海豚列為瀕危物種，這樣就可以為保護(hù)它們籌集資金了。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theyhopetheirdronemonitoringwilldothetrick.DuringthreetripstotheAmazonlastyear,theteamhasrecordedabout70samples(樣本)thatwillcontributetoamoreaccurateestimateofdolphinpopulationsintheAmazonbasin.(他們希望他們的無(wú)人機(jī)監(jiān)控能起到作用。在去年的三次亞馬遜之旅中，研究小組記錄了大約70個(gè)樣本，這將有助于更準(zhǔn)確地估計(jì)亞馬遜盆地的海豚數(shù)量)”可知，科學(xué)家們希望他們的無(wú)人機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)能起作用，無(wú)人機(jī)的記錄有助于更準(zhǔn)確地估計(jì)亞馬孫盆地的海豚數(shù)量。由此推知，作者對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)應(yīng)該持贊同的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)DAsmallrobotthatcanchangeitsshapeandproduceheatshowspotentialintargetingcancercellsandpreventinginternalbleeding.Itcanalsobeusedfordeliveringdrugsdirectlytotumors(腫瘤)orinaccessibleareaswithinthehumanbody.Researchers,ledbyRenHaoSoonattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart,Germany,developedacentimeter-sizedrobotinspiredbypangolins(穿山甲).Itisconstructedwithsoftandmagnetic(磁性的)materials,allowingtherobottochangeitsshape.Toenablemovement,shapeshifting,andheatgeneration,theresearchersappliedmagneticfieldstotherobot’smetalparts.Byadjustingthefrequencyofthesefields,therobotwasabletoheatupandgiveoutheatintoitssurroundings.Theteamobservedthattherobot’sbodytemperaturecouldbeover70℃.Inaddition,theresearchersusedtherobot’sheattodeliversubstanceswithinasimulated(模擬的)stomachenvironment.Theyattachedsomethingsimulatingmedicinecapsulesontotherobot,whichdissolveduponheating,therebyreleasingthegoods.Thistechniqueholdspromisefortargeteddrugdeliveryinsidethebody.Soon,histeamalsotestedtherobot’sabilitytohaltbleeding.Theycreatedwoundsusingadeadpig’sstomach.Bypumpingbloodthroughasmallincisionusingasyringe,theysimulatedbleeding.Subsequently,therobotextendedandcoveredthearea,givingoutheattohelpstopbleeding.AccordingtoJakeAbbottfromtheUniversityofUtah,therobotcouldpotentiallybeemployedfortargeteddestructionoftumorcells,reducingtheneedforexposinglargeamountsoftissuetoradiationorchemicals.Byraisingtherobot’stemperaturetoalevelunsafefornormalcellsandkeepingitinplaceforafewminutes,cancercellscanbekilled.Abbottemphasizesthehightemperaturesensitivityofthehumanbody.12.Whatcanweinferaboutthesmallrobot?A.Ithasbeenputintouse.B.Itismainlyusedtodelivergoods.C.Itdrawsinspirationfromthenaturalworld.D.Itcan’tbeusedwithoutaddinghardelements.13.Howdotheresearchersmaketherobotchangeshape?A.Byusingheat. B.Byusingmagnets.C.Byusingradiation. D.Byusingchemicals.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“halt”inparagraph5mean?A.Stop. B.Challenge. C.Evaluate. D.Explore.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ATinyRobotWillBeUsedInMedicineB.ScientistsWillMakeRobotsGiveOutHeatC.ASmallRobotWasMadeToDeliverGoodsD.DoctorsHaveUsedTinyRobotsToCureTumors〖答案〗12.C13.B14.A15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹的是研究人員設(shè)計(jì)了一種可以改變形狀的小型機(jī)器人，這種機(jī)器人可以靶向殺滅腫瘤細(xì)胞,還能給傷口止血，具有潛在醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用前景。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Researchers,ledbyRenHaoSoonattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart,Germany,developedacentimeter-sizedrobotinspiredbypangolins(穿山甲).(德國(guó)斯圖加特馬克斯普朗克智能系統(tǒng)研究所的任浩順領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究人員，以穿山甲為靈感，開(kāi)發(fā)了一種厘米大小的機(jī)器人)”可知，這種小型機(jī)器人的研發(fā)靈感來(lái)自穿山甲。由此推知，該機(jī)器人的靈感是來(lái)自于自然界。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Itisconstructedwithsoftandmagnetic(磁性的)materials,allowingtherobottochangeitsshape.(它是由柔軟的磁性材料制成的，可以讓機(jī)器人改變自己的形狀)”可知，這種機(jī)器人是一種柔性磁性材料做的，結(jié)合第三段的“Toenablemovement,shapeshifting,andheatgeneration,theresearchersappliedmagneticfieldstotherobot’smetalparts.(為了實(shí)現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)、變形和發(fā)熱，研究人員在機(jī)器人的金屬部件上施加了磁場(chǎng))”可知，為了讓這種機(jī)器人能改變形狀，研究人員使用了有磁性的材料。故選B項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】詞句推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段的“Soon,histeamalsotestedtherobot’sability”可知，此處指的是團(tuán)隊(duì)要對(duì)該機(jī)器人的某種能力進(jìn)行測(cè)試，結(jié)合下文中的“Subsequently,therobotextendedandcoveredthearea,givingoutheattohelpstopbleeding.(隨后，機(jī)器人伸展并覆蓋了該區(qū)域，釋放熱量以幫助止血)”可知，這種機(jī)器人能夠幫助止血。由此可知，劃線單詞的意思應(yīng)是“阻止”。故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“Asmallrobotthatcanchangeitsshapeandproduceheatshowspotentialintargetingcancercellsandpreventinginternalbleeding.Itcanalsobeusedfordeliveringdrugsdirectlytotumors(腫瘤)orinaccessibleareaswithinthehumanbody.(一個(gè)可以改變形狀并產(chǎn)生熱量的小型機(jī)器人顯示出靶向癌細(xì)胞和預(yù)防內(nèi)出血的潛力。它還可以用于將藥物直接輸送到腫瘤(腫瘤)或人體內(nèi)無(wú)法到達(dá)的區(qū)域)”可知，研究人員設(shè)計(jì)了一種可以改變形狀的小型機(jī)器人，這種機(jī)器人可以靶向殺滅腫瘤細(xì)胞，還能給傷口止血，具有潛在醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用前景，進(jìn)而在下文中對(duì)該機(jī)器人的制作靈感以及該機(jī)器人的功能進(jìn)行介紹。由此可知，本文的標(biāo)題為“一種將被應(yīng)用在醫(yī)學(xué)上的小型機(jī)器人”與文章內(nèi)容一致，且概括了主題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whiletheroadtosuccessmaydifferforeachindividual,therearecertainsuggestionsthatcanguideyoualongtheway.____16____Thefirststeptowardssuccessistoestablishclearandspecificgoals.Takethetimetoidentifyyourpassions,interests,andlong-termaspirations(志向).Setbothshort-termandlong-termgoalsthatarerealistic,measurableandachievable.Havingaclearsenseofdirectionwillkeepyoufocusedandpositive.Createaplan.Onceyouhavesetyourgoals,createawell-organizedplan.Breakdownyourgoalsintosmall,manageabletasks.____17____Putyourtasksinorderofimportance,setdeadlines,andregularlyreviewandadjustyourplanasneeded.Consistencyanddiscipline(自制力)arekeytostayingontrack.Continuouslearning.Neverstoplearningandimproving.____18____Whetherit’sthroughformaleducation,workshops,orself-study,investinacquiringnewknowledgeandskills.Stayupdatedwithindustrytrendsandadvancements,andadaptaccordingly.Acommitmenttolifelonglearningwillenhanceyourexpertiseandopendoorstonewopportunities.Embracechallengesandtakerisks.Successoftencomeswithtakingcalculatedrisksandsteppingoutofyourcomfortzone.Bewillingtoembracenewchallenges,astheyprovideopportunitiesforgrowthandinnovation.Overcomingobstacles(阻礙)willdevelopresilienceandbuildcharacter.Remember,failureisnotfinal.____19____Buildasupportnetwork.Surroundyourselfwithasupportiveandlikemindednetworkofindividualswhoinspireandmotivateyou.____20____Theirguidance,advice,andexperiencescanprovidevaluableinsightsforyouandhelpyougetthroughchallenges.Inconclusion,successisapersonaldefinitionthatvariesforeachindividual.Withsomeproperstrategies,youcanimproveyourpotentialandachievesuccess..A.Setcleargoals.B.Keepyourowncharacter.C.It’swhatyouarelookingfor.D.It’sasteppingstonetowardssuccess.E.Createatimelinetotrackyourprogress.F.Staycuriousandseekopportunitiesforyourgrowth.G.Seekteacherswhohaveachievedsuccessinyourdesiredfield.〖答案〗16.A17.E18.F19.D20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇文章主要介紹了成功的一些建議。【16題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Thefirststeptowardssuccessistoestablishclearandspecificgoals.(邁向成功的第一步是建立明確而具體的目標(biāo))”可知，本段主要介紹通往成功之路第一步要先建立明確而具體的目標(biāo)。A選項(xiàng)“Setcleargoals.(設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo))”概括本段段旨，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【17題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Breakdownyourgoalsintosmall,manageabletasks.(把你的目標(biāo)分解成小的、可管理的任務(wù))”以及后文“Putyourtasksinorderofimportance,setdeadlines,andregularlyreviewandadjustyourplanasneeded.(把你的任務(wù)按重要性排序，設(shè)定截止日期，并根據(jù)需要定期檢查和調(diào)整你的計(jì)劃)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是把目標(biāo)分解為小目標(biāo)，接下來(lái)應(yīng)該是創(chuàng)建時(shí)間表，記錄實(shí)現(xiàn)每個(gè)小目標(biāo)的過(guò)程，同時(shí)根據(jù)任務(wù)的重要性將每個(gè)小目標(biāo)排序，定期檢查和調(diào)整目標(biāo)計(jì)劃。E選項(xiàng)“Createatimelinetotrackyourprogress.(創(chuàng)建一個(gè)時(shí)間表來(lái)記錄你的進(jìn)步)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。【18題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Neverstoplearningandimproving.(永遠(yuǎn)不要停止學(xué)習(xí)和提高)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)不要停止學(xué)習(xí)，要一直不斷地提升。F選項(xiàng)“Staycuriousandseekopportunitiesforyourgrowth.(保持好奇心，為自己的成長(zhǎng)尋找機(jī)會(huì))”承接前文，指出保持好奇心為自己的成長(zhǎng)尋找機(jī)會(huì)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。【19題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Remember,failureisnotfinal.(記住，失敗不是終點(diǎn))”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)失敗并不只是重點(diǎn)，后文應(yīng)該指出失敗的其他作用。D選項(xiàng)“It’sasteppingstonetowardssuccess.(這是通往成功的墊腳石)”指出失敗是通往成功的墊腳石，經(jīng)歷失敗，才能成功，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【20題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Theirguidance,advice,andexperiencescanprovidevaluableinsightsforyouandhelpyougetthroughchallenges.(他們的指導(dǎo)、建議和經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以為你提供有價(jià)值的見(jiàn)解，幫助你度過(guò)挑戰(zhàn))”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)來(lái)自于老師的指導(dǎo)、建議和經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以為你提供有價(jià)值的見(jiàn)解，幫助你度過(guò)挑戰(zhàn)。前文應(yīng)該指出在你想要成功的領(lǐng)域中向老師尋求建議。G選項(xiàng)“Seekteacherswhohaveachievedsuccessinyourdesiredfield.(尋找在你想要的領(lǐng)域取得成功的老師)”中的teachers與下文的their相呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)老師的指導(dǎo)、建議和經(jīng)驗(yàn)在成功路上的重要性，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Igraduatedfromuniversityin2018.Iaccepteda____21____asahighwaysengineerforaglobalengineeringconsultancy(咨詢公司).Iworkedtherefor11months.Iworkedon____22____highwayprojectswhichmeantIcouldcommunicatewithdifferentpeople.____23____,IknewthatIwantedacareerinConcreteEngineering(混凝土工程).Aftersomeresearch,IfoundtheroleIhadbeen____24____.Currently,I’manAssistantMaterialsEngineerataconstructioncompany.Inmyrole,Iassist____25____byreviewingtheirconcretespecifications(規(guī)范),managingmaterialstesting,siteinvestigationsandcommunicatingwithdifferentdepartments.Ihaveworkedinavarietyofdepartments-highways,bridges,____26____,tunnelsandairports.Inmyday-to-dayrole,Iactivelyusethe____27____fromthemodulesIenjoyedthemost.Tofurthermyknowledgeandperformance,Ihavegota(n)____28____tostudyformymastersdegreeparttimeatImperialCollegeLondon,whichwillbe____29____bymyboss!Iloveusingmyvoiceandexperiencesto_____30_____theyoungergenerationtoconsideracareerinconstruction.Theconstructionindustryhasallowedmeto_____31_____variousavenues(途徑)andspeakopenlyaboutmyexperiences!WorkingintheconstructionindustryisadecisionthatIwillnever_____32_____.IthaschangedmywholelifeandthewayIviewthe_____33_____andithasmademewanttoexplorethebeautifulworldwelivein.I’vestartedsolo_____34_____andithastakenmetoallcornersoftheEarth.Ilovehowdiversetheworldis.Diversityiswhatmakesusall_____35_____.21.A.dream B.course C.way D.role22.A.various B.similar C.simple D.official23.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Otherwise24.A.lookinginto B.lookingfor C.takingover D.takingup25.A.consultants B.skills C.projects D.people26.A.books B.buildings C.comments D.researches27.A.defence B.energy C.authority D.knowledge28.A.offer B.job C.excuse D.country29.A.refused B.owned C.supported D.constructed30.A.persuade B.encourage C.permit D.cause31.A.recover B.study C.avoid D.explore32.A.regret B.admit C.adjust D.stand33.A.experience B.empire C.world D.ground34.A.singing B.traveling C.performing D.living35.A.happy B.curious C.active D.unique〖答案〗21.D22.A23.C24.B25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是作者畢業(yè)后從事建筑行業(yè)的工作使其受益良多，并發(fā)聲建議和支持年輕人從事建筑行業(yè)的工作。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我接受了一家全球工程咨詢公司的高速公路工程師職位。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.course過(guò)程；C.way方法；D.role職位。根據(jù)下文中的“asahighwaysengineerforaglobalengineeringconsultancy(咨詢公司).”可知，高速公路工程師是一個(gè)職位，所以此處指的是“職位”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我參與過(guò)各種高速公路項(xiàng)目，這意味著我可以與不同的人交流。A.various各種各樣的；B.similar相似的；C.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；D.official官方的。根據(jù)下文中的“whichmeantIcouldcommunicatewithdifferentpeople.”可知，這就以為著能與不同的人交流，由此可知，此處指的是作者參與的項(xiàng)目是“各種各樣的”。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我知道我想從事混凝土工程方面的職位。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover而且；C.However然而；D.Otherwise否則。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文中的“IknewthatIwantedacareerinConcreteEngineering(混凝土工程).”可知，作者目前從事的是高速公路工程師的職位，此處提到的是想從事混凝土工程方面的工作，所以此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)一番研究，我找到了我一直在尋找的職位。A.lookinginto調(diào)查；B.lookingfor尋找；C.takingover接管；D.takingup從事。根據(jù)上文中的“aftersomeresearch”可知，此處指的是找到了一直“尋找”的職位。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我的職位中，我協(xié)助項(xiàng)目審查其具體規(guī)格，管理材料測(cè)試，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查以及與不同部門的溝通。A.consultants咨詢師；B.skills技能；C.projects項(xiàng)目；D.people人們。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文中的“byreviewingtheirconcretespecifications(規(guī)范),managingmaterialstesting,siteinvestigationsandcommunicatingwithdifferentdepartments.”可知，作者的工作是審查其具體規(guī)格，管理材料測(cè)試，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查，由此可以推斷，此處指的是與“項(xiàng)目”相關(guān)的工作。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在不同的部門工作過(guò)——高速公路、橋梁、建筑、隧道和機(jī)場(chǎng)。A.books書籍；B.buildings建筑；C.comments評(píng)論；D.researches研究。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處與空前的“departments-highways,bridges”和空后的“tunnelsandairports.”為并列關(guān)系，所以此處指的是“建筑”。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我的日常工作中，我積極運(yùn)用我最喜歡的模塊的知識(shí)。A.defence防御；B.energy能量；精力；C.authority權(quán)威；D.knowledge知識(shí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文中的“Tofurthermyknowledgeandperformance”可知，作者積極運(yùn)用自己喜歡的模塊“知識(shí)”。故選D項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了進(jìn)一步提高我的知識(shí)和業(yè)績(jī)，我已經(jīng)獲得了倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院兼職碩士學(xué)位的offer，我的老板也會(huì)支持我的！A.offer提供；B.job工作；C.excuse借口；D.country國(guó)家。根據(jù)上文中的“Tofurthermyknowledgeandperformance”以及下文中的“tostudyformymastersdegreeparttimeatImperialCollegeLondon”可知，作者為了進(jìn)一步提升自己的知識(shí)和業(yè)績(jī)，應(yīng)是選擇去進(jìn)修，所以此處應(yīng)是獲得了倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院兼職碩士學(xué)位的“offer”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了進(jìn)一步提高我的知識(shí)和業(yè)績(jī)，我已經(jīng)獲得了倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院兼職碩士學(xué)位的offer，我的老板也會(huì)支持我的！A.refused拒絕；B.owned擁有；C.supported支持；D.constructed建設(shè)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者為進(jìn)一步提高自己的知識(shí)和業(yè)績(jī)而收到了倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院兼職碩士學(xué)位的offer，也是為了公司的發(fā)展，所以老板應(yīng)該是“支持”作者的做法。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡用我的聲音和經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)鼓勵(lì)年輕一代考慮從事建筑事業(yè)。A.persuade勸服；B.encourage鼓勵(lì)；C.permit允許；D.cause造成。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文中的“theyoungergenerationtoconsideracareerinconstruction.”可知，作者在建筑業(yè)中受益良多，所以此處應(yīng)是“鼓勵(lì)”年輕人也從事建筑行業(yè)。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：建筑行業(yè)讓我有機(jī)會(huì)探索各種途徑，并公開(kāi)談?wù)撐业慕?jīng)歷!A.recover康復(fù)；B.study研究；C.avoid避免；D.explore探索。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文中的“andspeakopenlyaboutmyexperiences!”以及“IthaschangedmywholelifeandthewayIviewthe________andithasmademewanttoexplorethebeautifulworldwelivein.”可知，建筑業(yè)讓作者有了更多的“探索”途徑，進(jìn)而可以公開(kāi)談?wù)撍诮ㄖI(yè)的經(jīng)歷。故選D項(xiàng)。【32題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從事建筑行業(yè)是我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)后悔的決定。A.regret后悔；B.admit承認(rèn)；C.adjust調(diào)整；D.stand站立。根據(jù)下文中的“IthaschangedmywholelifeandthewayIviewthe________andithasmademewanttoexplorethebeautifulworldwelivein.”可知，建筑業(yè)干變了作者的整個(gè)人生，所以作者不會(huì)為選擇建筑業(yè)感到“后悔”。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它改變了我的整個(gè)生活和我看待世界的方式，它讓我想去探索我們生活的美麗世界。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.empire帝國(guó)；C.world世界；D.ground地面。根據(jù)上文中的“Ithaschangedmywholelife”可知，建筑業(yè)改變了作者醫(yī)生，也改變了作者看待“世界”的方式。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我開(kāi)始獨(dú)自旅行，它把我?guī)У搅说厍虻母鱾€(gè)角落。A.singing演唱；B.traveling旅行；C.performing表演；D.living生活。根據(jù)下文中的“andithastakenmetoallcornersoftheEarth.”可知，能夠把作者帶到到地球各個(gè)角落的方式應(yīng)該是“旅行”符合句意。故選B項(xiàng)。【35題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：多樣性使我們每個(gè)人都獨(dú)一無(wú)二。A.happy快樂(lè)的；B.curious好奇的；C.active活躍的；D.unique獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。根據(jù)上文中的“Ilovehowdiversetheworldis.”可知，作者喜歡世界的多樣性，因?yàn)槎鄻有詴?huì)使得人們“獨(dú)一無(wú)二”。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HenanOpera,knownasYujuOpera,isatraditionalChineseoperaformthatoriginated____36____HenanProvince.Withitsrichhistory,uniquemusicalstyle,andattractiveperformances,HenanOpera____37____(hold)aspecialplaceinChineseculturalheritage.HenanOperaevolvedfromlocalfolkartforms,integrating____38____(element)o