八年級英語下冊閱讀理解章節知識點總結及練習測試題經典1一、八年級英語下冊閱讀理解專項練習（含答案解析）1．根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。

Animalsgrowupindifferentways.Somenewborn（新生的）animalsarehelplessbuttheirmothersprotectthem.Anewbornkangarooisverysmall.Itisonlyafewcentimetres（厘米）long.Itclosesitseyesanddoesn'thavehair.Itstayssafeinitsmothers'pouch（育兒袋）foralongtime.Anewbornmonkeycannotwalk.Itsmothercarriesiteverywhere.

Otherbabyanimalscanwalksoonafterthey'reborn.Theylearntorunwiththeirmotherswhendangerisnear.Ababyzebracanrun,anhourafteritisborn.

Somebabyanimalsareborninaplacethatissafe.Babywolvesareusuallyborninbighaleswithlittlelight.Otherbabyanimalsarebornintheopen.Ababyelephantisoftenbornonopenland.

Animalsthatdrinktheirmothers'milkarecalledmammals（哺乳動物）.Amotherbear'smilkisrich.Babybearshavemilkforafewmonths.Thisisthesamewithbabyzebras,Asbabyanimalsgrow,theyneedsolid（固體的）food.Babylionscatwhattheirmothercancatch!（1）Accordingtothepassage,manynewbornanimalsneedtheirmothers'helpbecausethebabycan't

.A.

Lookafterthemselves

B.

eatanyfood

C.

walkbythemselves（2）Anewbornmonkey'smothercarriesiteverywherebecause

.A.

itisverysmall

B.

itcan'twalk

C.

itclosesitseyes（3）Babywolvesareusuallybornina（n）

place.A.

open

B.

bright

C.

safe（4）Newbornmammals'mainfoodis

.A.

Mothers'milk

B.

solidfood

C.

smalleranimals（5）Howmanykindsofbabyanimalsarementionedinthispassage?A.

Six.

B.

Seven.

C.

Eight.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）A（5）B【解析】【分析】短文大意：短文講了一些新生的動物的生活方式，新生的動物的飲食及居住的環境等信息。（1）推理判斷題。根據第一段句子Anewbornkangarooisverysmall．Itisonlyafewcentimeterslong．Itclosesitseyesanddoesn'thavehair．Itstayssafeinitsmother'spouch（育兒袋）foralongtime．Anewbornmonkeycannotwalk，剛出生的袋鼠很小，只有幾厘米長，它閉上眼睛，沒有毛發，它在母體的育兒袋里呆了很長時間。一個剛出生的猴子不能走路，可知動物寶寶不能照顧自己。故選A。（2）細節理解題。根據Anewbornmonkeycannotwalk.Itsmothercarriesiteverywhere.

可知因為猴寶寶不能走路所以媽媽把它帶到各處。故選B。???????（3）細節理解題。根據Somebabyanimalsareborninaplacethatissafe．Babywolvesareusuallyborninbigholeswithlittlelight．有些動物寶寶出生在一個很安全的地方。小狼通常出生在大洞里，光線很少，可知狼一般出生在安全的地方，故選C。???????（4）細節理解題。根據Animalsthatdrinktheirmothers'milkarecalledmammals（哺乳動物）.

可知新生的哺乳動物的主要食物是媽媽的奶。故選A。???????（5）細節理解題。根據短文的內容提到了袋鼠、猴子、狼、大象、斑馬、熊和獅子等七種動物。故選B。【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。

先分析問題，掌握問題的關鍵，在通讀全文的基礎上，根據全文大意，展開邏輯思維，瞻前顧后，認真觀察選項，仔細推敲，確定最佳答案???????。2．閱讀理解

Youmightseealiensinbooksandmovies.Theylookstrange.Theyareverysmart.Theytravelinspaceships.

Butaretherereallyaliensinspace?BritishscientistStephenHawking,68,thinksso.Hesaysthatpeopleshouldnotlookforaliens.Hethinkstheyaredangerous.OnanewBritishTVprogram,Hawkingsays,"Itisquitepossiblethattherearealiensinspace.Theymightliveinbigspaceships.Theyhaveusedupalltheresources（資源）fromtheirhomeplanet."HethinkssuchaliensaresuretogetresourcesfromEarthandthengoaway.TheymaybringtroublestoEarth,too.（1）Aliensinbooksandmoviesarealways

.A.

quietandstrange

B.

strangeandsmart

C.

smartandcruel

D.

shyandcute（2）Aretherereallyaliensinspace?A.

Yes,thereare.B.

No,therearen't.C.

Wearenotsure.D.

Thereusedtobesome,butnowtheyhavedisappeared.（3）AccordingtoMr.Hawking,aliensprobablyhave

.

A.

useduptheirresourcesB.

pollutedtheirownplanetC.

destroyedthebigspaceshipstheylivedinD.

travelledaroundtheearth（4）Mr.HawkingbelievesthatalienswillcometoEarthto

.A.

causetroubles

B.

getresources

C.

makealiving

D.

makefriendswithhumans【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：這是一篇議論文，主要討論外星人。你可能在書和電影中看到外星人，他們看起來很奇怪，他們很聰明，他們乘坐宇宙飛船旅行。但是現實中沒人看見過。英國科學家認為人們不應該尋找外星人，他們太危險。這些外星人會來地球掠奪資源，給地球帶來麻煩。（1）細節理解題。根據Youmightseealiensinbooksandmovies.Theylookstrange.

可知在書里他們很奇怪而且很聰明。故選B。（2）細節理解題。根據

OnanewBritishTVprogram,Hawkingsays,"Itisquitepossiblethattherearealiensinspace.

可知Hawking認為極有可能有外星人，但不確定有。應選C。（3）細節理解題。根據Theyhaveusedupalltheresources（資源）fromtheirhomeplanet.可知外星人可能用完了他們所有的資源。故選A。（4）細節理解題。根據"HethinkssuchaliensaresuretogetresourcesfromEarthandthengoaway.

可知Mr.Hawking認為外星人會來地球上獲取資源。故選B。【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。此題涉及細節理解題，我們先閱讀短文，理解短文大意。然后分析問題，帶著問題仔細閱讀短文，從短文的細節中找出問題答案。3．閱讀理解

Isthereintelligent（有智力的）lifeonotherplanets?Foryears,scientistssaid"no."or"wedon'tknow."Buttodaythisischanging.SethShostakandAlexandraBarnettareastronomers（天文學家）.Theybelieveintelligentlifeexists（存在）somewhereintheuniverse.Theyalsothinkwewillsooncontactthem.

WhydoShostakandBarnettthinkintelligentlifeexistsonotherplanets?Thefirstreasonistime.Scientistsbelievetheuniverseisabout12billionyearsold."Thisislongenoughforotherplanetstohaveintelligentlife,"sayShostakandBarnett.Thesecondreasonissizetheuniverseishuge."ToolsliketheHubbleTelescope（哈勃望遠鏡）haveshownthatthereareatleast100billiongalaxies,"saysShostak."Andourgalaxy,theMilkyWay,hasatleast100billionstars.Someplanetsgoingaroundthesestarsmightbesimilartotheearth."

Inthepast,itwashardtolookforsignsofintelligentlifeintheuniverse.Butnow,powerfultelescopes（高倍望遠鏡）allowscientiststodiscoversmallerplanets-thesizeofMarsortheearth-inothersolarsystems,theseplanetsmighthaveintelligentlife.

Havebeingsfromspacealreadyvisitedtheearth?"Probablynot,"saysShostak."It'salongwayaway.However,intelligentbeingsmaycontactusinotherway,suchasradiosignals（信號）.Infact,theymaybetryingtocommunicatewithusnow,butwedon'thavetherighttoolstoreceivetheirmessages.However,thisischanging.By2025,wecouldmakecontactwithotherlifeformsinouruniverseandwemighthelpeachother."（1）WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?A.

Theageandsizeoftheearth.B.

SomethingabouttheMilkyWay.C.

Thereasonswhyintelligentlifemightexist.D.

Theearthistheonlyplanetwithintelligentlife.（2）Whywasithardtolookforsignsofintelligentlifeintheuniverseinthepast?A.

Therewerenotanysmallerplanets.B.

Therewerenotanypowerfultelescopes.C.

Theastronomerswerenotinterestedinthem.D.

TheMilkyWaydidn'texistatthattime.（3）Whyhaven'tbeingsfromspacevisitedusyetaccordingtoShostak?A.

Becausethey'reafraidofus.B.

Becauseit'slongwayaway.C.

Becausetheydon'twanttoseeus.D.

Becausetheydon'tknowhowtouseradiosignals.（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"lifeforms"inthelastparagraphmean?A.

Messages.

B.

Tools.

C.

Radiosignals.

D.

Intelligentbeings.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文敘述了科學家認為其他星球也存在智能生命，因為宇宙形成的時間這么長，足夠其他星球形成生命；其次宇宙這么大，周圍會有跟地球相似的星球。不久來自太空的生命有可能將會和我們聯系，我們可能到2025年，也會和他們取得聯系，我們可能會互相幫助。（1）段落大意題。根據段落主題句WhydoShostakandBarnettthinkintelligentlifeexistsonotherplanets?

可知這個段落講的是有智慧的東西在其它星球存在的原因。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據

Inthepast,itwashardtolookforsignsofintelligentlifeintheuniverse.Butnow,powerfultelescopes（高倍望遠鏡）allowscientiststodiscoversmallerplanets-thesizeofMarsortheearth-inothersolarsystems,theseplanetsmighthaveintelligentlife.過去，在宇宙中很難找到智慧生活的標志，但是現在，高倍望遠鏡讓科學家發現了更小的行星-火星的大小或地球-在其它太陽系，這些行星可能有智慧的生命。可知過去人們很難發現智慧生命的標志是因為沒有高倍望遠鏡。故選B。（3）推理判斷題。根據

Havebeingsfromspacealreadyvisitedtheearth?"Probablynot,"saysShostak."It'salongwayaway.

可知Shostak.認為來自太空的生命可能沒有來過地球，因為路途遙遠。故選B。（4）詞義猜測題。根據However,intelligentbeingsmaycontactusinotherway,可知智能生命可能會用其他方式聯系我們，故推測此處的lifeforms指的是intelligentbeings，故選D。【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。這道題涉及段落大意，推理判斷和詞意猜測。段落大意可根據段落的主題句決定。對于推理判斷題，我們要根據文章的細節內容進行推理，確定正確答案。對于詞意猜測題，我們要根據上下文的聯系確定，找出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Oneday,afarmerwaswalkingalongaroadwithhissonThomas.Thefathersaid,"Look!There'sahorseshoe.Pickituparidputitinyourbag."Thomassaid."Itisn'tworth（值得）thetrouble."Hisfathersaidnothingbuthepickedituphimself.Whentheygottoanearbytown,theyhadarest.Therethefarmersoldthehorseshoeandwiththefewpenniesheboughtsomecherries（櫻桃）.

Thefatherandthesoncontinuedtheirway.Thesunwaswellupinthesky,andtherewasn'tahouseorevenatreewheretheycouldhavearest.Thomasfelttoothirsty（口渴的）towalkon.Atthemoment,hislatherdroppedacherryonthegroundandThomaspickeditupquicklyandateit.Afterawhile,hisfatherdroppedanothercherryandonceagain,hissonpickeditupandputitinhismouth.

Andsotheywenton.Theoldfarmerdroppedthecherriesandthesonpickedthemup.WhenThomashadcaught'upallthecherries,hisfathersaidtohim,"Mydearson,ifyouhadbent（彎腰）downinthebeginningtopickupthathorseshoe,youwouldn'thavebentsomanytimesforthecherries.Alwaysrememberthislesson：Ifsomeonedon'tworryaboutthelittlethings,hewillfinditimpossibleforhimtodothegreatthings."（1）Whopickedupthecherriesontheground?A.

Thomas.

B.

Thefarmer.

C.

Boththefatherandtheson.

D.

Nobody.（2）Whenthesonrefusedtopickupthehorseshoe,thefather

.A.

didnothing

B.

saidnothing

C.

feltworried

D.

gotangry（3）Thefatherdroppedthecherryonebyone,because

.A.

hewantedtoteachhissonalessonB.

hewantedhissontodomoreexerciseC.

hewantedhissontoeatthemallD.

hewantedtopunishhissonfornotpickingupthehorseshoeatfirst（4）Fromthestory,wecanlearnthat

.A.

cherriesaresodeliciousthatmostpeoplelikeeatingthemB.

ahorseshoeissoexpensivethatitcanbringussomemoneyC.

wecan'tgetgreatthingsifweloselittlethingsD.

wecan'tdosomethinggreatifwedon'tworryaboutsomethinglittle【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章講述了發生在父子之間的故事，并且告訴我們一個道理：從小事做起才能夠成就大事。（1）細節理解題，根據

Andsotheywenton.Theoldfarmerdroppedthecherriesandthesonpickedthemup.可知是農民的兒子托馬斯撿起了地上的櫻桃，故答案是A。（2）細節理解題，根據"Hisfathersaidnothingbuthepickedituphimself.

可知，當托馬斯拒絕撿起馬鐙的時候，他爸爸什么也沒有說，而是自己撿起來了，故答案是B。（3）細節理解題，根據Mydearson,ifyouhadbent（彎腰）downinthebeginningtopickupthathorseshoe,youwouldn'thavebentsomanytimesforthecherries.Alwaysrememberthislesson：Ifsomeonedon'tworryaboutthelittlethings,hewillfinditimpossibleforhimtodothegreatthings."可知，爸爸這樣做的目的是為了教訓一下托馬斯

，故答案是A。（4）細節理解題，根據Ifsomeonedon'tworryaboutthelittlethings,hewillfinditimpossibleforhimtodothegreatthings."

可知，如果過不關心小事，就難以成就大事，故答案是D。【點評】考查閱讀理解，本文主要涉及到了細節理解題，細節理解題相對簡單，一般可以直接從文中找到答案或者解題依據。5．閱讀理解

MostAmericanchildreneatpotatoes.Butmanychildrendon'tknowwhatofthepotatoisthebestfood.Takeaknifeandcutfromthemiddleofthepotatoapieceasthinaspaper.Iholdthepiecebetweenyoureyesandlight.Youwillseethatthepotatohasskin（皮）,anoutsiderim（邊緣）andaninsidepart.Theoutsiderimwhichisrightundertheskinofthepotato,isthemostvaluablepartofall.Butthisisoftenthrownawaywiththeskin.Eventheskinitselfisbetterforfoodthantheinside.Wheneatingacookedpotato,ifyouchoosetheinsideandleavetheoutside,youarethrowingthebestpartofit.Ifyoucan'tcatthewholepotato,eattheoutsiderimfirstandleavetheinsidepart.（1）Howmanypartsdoesthepotatohave?A.

Ithasonlyonepart,outsiderim.B.

Ithastwoparts,skinandoutsiderim.C.

Ithasthreeparts,skin,outsiderimandinsidepart.D.

Ithasfourparts,middle,skin,outsiderimandinsidepart.（2）Whatisthebestpartofapotato?A.

Outsiderim.

B.

Insidepart.

C.

Middle.

D.

Skin.（3）Infacttheskinis

.A.

nogoodatallB.

betterthantheinsidepartC.

betterthantheoutsiderimD.

asgoodastheoutsiderim（4）Whatdoesthispassagetellaboutpotatoes?A.

HowtocookthemB.

HowtoplantthemC.

WhatismadeupofapotatoD.

Howtoeatthem【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：這是一篇科普性短文，我們只知道土豆有皮和內肉組成，真的不知皮和內肉之間有一層邊緣，而且邊緣部分的營養價值更高。我們在吃土豆時，即使舍其肉也不可丟其邊緣，切記。（1）細節理解題。根據Youwillseethatthepotatohasskin（皮）,anoutsiderim（邊緣）andaninsidepart.可知洋蔥包括三部分。故選C。（2）細節理解題。根據

Theoutsiderimwhichisrightundertheskinofthepotato,isthemostvaluablepartofall.

可知外面邊緣是最好的一部分。故選A。（3）細節理解題。根據Eventheskinitselfisbetterforfoodthantheinside.

甚至皮本身比里面更好。故選B。（4）主旨大意題。Wheneatingacookedpotato,ifyouchoosetheinsideandleavetheoutside,youarethrowingthebestpartofit.Ifyoucan'tcatthewholepotato,eattheoutsiderimfirstandleavetheinsidepart.可知這篇文章講的是土豆的吃法。故選D。【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。細節題的命題方法很多，如可能是對某個細節用同義結構轉換后進行考查、也可能是將文章中的幾個細節（通常是四個）放在一起要求考生判斷是非（選出正確的一項或選出錯誤的一項）或對幾個細節進行排序等。解答這類試題時，一個常用的方法就是運用定位法，即根據題干或選項中的線索詞從原文中找到相關的句子，與選項進行比較從而確定答案。對于主旨大意題要根據文章的主題句或文章的中心思想確定。6．閱讀理解

Asspacesciencedevelops,manhaslearnedmoreandmoreaboutspace.Spaceisnotonlyamazingbutalsodangerous.Whileworkinginspace,spacemenarefacingdanger.

Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation（輻射）isthegreatestdangertospacemeninspace.Whenspacemenareworkinginspace,theyareindangerofradiationfromthesunandotherstars,whichisbadfortheirhealth.Somespecialmedicinemayworkalittle,butthere'snoreallyhelpfulmedicine.

Spacejunkisalsothoughtagreatdangertospacemen.It'sreportedthatthereare9,000man-madethingsflyinginspace.About30%oftheseareman-madesatellites（衛星）,10%arespaceships,andtherestarespacejunk.Anexplosion（爆炸）in1996madeacloudof300,000fragments（碎片）,eachatleast4mminsize,andevenasmallpieceoftheseknockedagainstaspaceshipwindowanddidsome

damage.Scientistsareworkingonhelpfulwaystodowithspacejunk.

Althoughspaceisreallydangerous,itinterestseveryoneontheearth.Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomeusualforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceforafewyears.Soweshouldcareforspaceanddosomethingtohelpimprovethespaceenvironment.（1）________ofman-madethingsinspacearespacejunk.A.

10%

B.

30%

C.

60%

D.

80%（2）_______is/arethemostdangeroustospacemen.A.

Satellites

B.

Radiation

C.

Fragments

D.

Spacejunk（3）Whatcanpeopledoinspaceinthenearfuture?________A.

Theycanonlyliveandtravelinspace.B.

Theycangrowsomefruitandvegetablesinspace.C.

Theycanfindoutwaystosolvealltheproblemsinspace.D.

Theycanspendafewdaysorliveforafewyearsinspace.（4）Thepurpose（目的）ofthewriterwhowritesthepassageismainlyto_________.A.

introducewhatthespaceisliketousB.

talkaboutsomeimportantspacetravelsC.

tellusthespaceenvironmentandtocareforspaceD.

showushowinterestingthelifeofthespacemeninspace【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介紹了神奇太空的危險環境，呼吁人們關心太空并做一些事情來幫助改善太空環境。（1）考查數學計算。根據About30%oftheseareman-madesatellites（衛星）,10%arespaceships,andtherestarespacejunk.，可知100%—30%—10%=60%，故選C。（2）考查細節理解。根據Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation（輻射）isthegreatestdangertospacemeninspace.（科學家們已經發現，輻射對太空中的宇航員來說是最大的危險），可知對于太空人來說，輻射是最危險的，故選B。（3）考查細節理解。根據Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomeusualforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceforafewyears.，可知Theycanspendafewdaysorliveforafewyearsinspace.說法正確，故選D。（4）考查主旨理解。根據文章主題句Soweshouldcareforspaceanddosomethingtohelpimprovethespaceenvironment.，可知介紹的是神奇太空的危險環境，呼吁人們關心太空并做一些事情來幫助改善太空環境，故選C。【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。我們先閱讀短文，理解短文大意。我們在分析問題后，帶著問題閱讀短文，從短文的細節中找出和問題相關的語句，找出細節理解問題答案，對于主旨大意題，要根據文章的主題句確定。7．閱讀理解

IfyouareunhappywithChina'shighInternetfeesandslowspeed,youarenotalone.SoisPremierLiKeqiang.OnApril14,hesaidinameetingthatthegovernmentshouldspeeduptheInternetandlowerthefees.

"Thefirstquestionpeopleaskatanewplaceis'IsthereWi-fi？'becauseInternetservicefeesaretoohigh,"saidPremierLi.AccordingtoarecentsurveybyCCTV,theaveragecostof1GBmobileInternetdatapermonthinChinais100yuan,whileitisonly60yuanintheUSand40yuaninJapan.However,highpricesdon'tnecessarilymeangoodservice.TheaverageInternetspeedinChinawas4.25Mbps（兆比特每秒）inlate2014.NorthKoreahadthefastestaverageInternetspeed—25.3Mbps.Peoplecandownloada1GBmoviewithin6minutesinNorthKorea,butinChinaitwouldtakehalfanhour.

ToimproveInternetservices,thekeyistobuildmorefiber（光纖）networks,whichofferhighspeedInternet.Throughthemwecansendtexts,picturesandvideosgloballyinlessthanasecond.Besides,thelackofmarketcompetitionisanotherproblem.Havingmoreoperators（運營商）besidesChinaUnicomandChinaTelecommaylowertheprices.（1）WhydopeoplealwaysaskforWi-fiatanewplaceinChina?A.

Becausetheycan'tuseInternetwithoutWi-fi.B.

Becausetheycancommunicatewiththeirfamilies.C.

Becausetheywanttodownloadmovies.D.

BecauseInternetservicefeesaretoohigh.（2）Inlate2014,________hadthefastestaverageInternetspeed.A.

China

B.

theUSA

C.

Japan

D.

NorthKorea（3）WhatisthekeytoimproveInternetservices?A.

ToincreaseInternetservicefees.

B.

Tobuildmorefibernetworks.C.

TolearnfromNorthKorea.

D.

Tomakethegovernmentknowthesituation.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

China'sEconomy

B.

ShoppingOnlineC.

ChinaWantsCheaper,QuickerInternet

D.

ChinaUnicomandChinaTelecom【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】根據最近中央電視臺調查互聯網服務費太高了，而且網速卻沒有美國和日本快，李克強在4月14日會議上說政府將會提高網速降低收費。（1）細節題，根據becauseInternetservicefeesaretoohigh,可知互聯網服務收費很高，故選D。（2）細節題，根據NorthKoreahadthefastestaverageInternetspeed—25.3Mbps.可知韓國有平均最快的網速，故選D。（3）細節題，根據ToimproveInternetservices,thekeyistobuildmorefiber（光纖）networks,可知提高互聯網服務的關鍵是建造更多的光纖網絡。（4）主旨題，全文都是講中國互聯網網速慢收費高，四月14日李克強總理在會議上闡述中國將提高網速降低收費，故選C。【點評】考查閱讀理解題，細節題和主旨題是閱讀理解題中常考題型，細節題注意從文中尋找答案，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。8．閱讀短文，選擇正確的選項。

Babiesbornafter2017mayneverneedtotakeadrivinglessonbecauseofthedevelopmentofself-drivingcars.Somescientistssaythatself-drivingordriverlesscars（無人駕駛汽車）mayhittheroadswithin15years,anditispossiblethatdrivingmaybecomeunnecessary,ormorerelaxingandenjoyable.

CompanieslikeGoogle,Baidu,AppleandAlibabaareworkingondriverlesscars.But,ifthetestsaresuccessful,theseelectricself-drivingcarscouldbeputintouseverysoon.Thiskindofcarsmaychangethewayweliveinthefuture.Allyouhavetodoistotypeintheaddress!

AccordingtoBaidu,driverlesstechnologyhasthefollowingfouradvantages.Firstly,driverlesscarsareactuallysafer.Withdriverlesscars,thenumberofdeathscausedbyaccidentswilldecrease.Secondly,driverlesscarsaremoreefficient（效率高的）thanmannedcars.Thirdly,driverlesscarsfollowthetrafficrules.Thereforetrafficcontrolwillbeeasiertoachieve.Atlast,thecostoftransportationwillbereducedasthelaborcostbecomesless.

Therearemanydifferenttechnologiesneededtomakeasuccessfulself-drivingcar.Themostdifficulttechnologiesofallareenvironmentalperception（感知）,behaviorprediction,planningcontrol,HDmapping,andexactGPS.（1）Accordingtosomescientists,driverlesscarsmaymakedrivingbecome______.A.

necessary

B.

difficult

C.

enjoyable

D.

boring（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutdriverlesscars?A.

Google,Baidu,AppleandAlibabaareworkingondriverlesscars.B.

Thiskindofcarsmaychangethewayweliveinthefuture.C.

Driverlesscarsaresaferthanmannedcars.D.

Passengersdon'tneedtotellthecarswheretheywanttogo.（3）Thethirdparagraphmainlytalksaboutthe________ofdriverlesscars.A.

instructions

B.

standards

C.

advantages

D.

theories（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decrease”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.

減少

B.

增加

C.

培養

D.

建造【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】這篇文章介紹了正在研發的無人駕駛汽車的特點、無人駕駛技術的優點和需要解決的技術難題。（1）細節理解題。根據itispossiblethatdrivingmaybecomenotnecessary,ormorerelaxingandenjoyable.可知是更加輕松有趣的，故選C。（2）細節理解題。A.Google,Baidu,AppleandAlibabaareworkingondriverlesscars.谷歌、百度、蘋果和阿里巴巴都在研發無人駕駛汽車。B.Thiskindofcarsmaychangeourlivingconditionsinthefuture.這種汽車將來可能會改變我們的生活條件。C.Driverlesscarsaresaferthanman-controlledcars.無人駕駛汽車比人控制的汽車更安全。D.Passengersdon'tneedtotellthecarswheretheywanttogo.乘客不需要告訴汽車他們想去的地方。根據Allyouhavetodoistypingintheaddress!，可知需要鍵入想去的地址，故選D。（3）細節理解題（段落大意題）。根據AccordingtoBaidu,driverlesstechnologyhasthefollowingfouradvantages.，可知介紹的是無人駕駛技術具有四個優點,故選C。（4）詞句猜測題。根據上文Firstly,driverlesscarsareactuallysafer.

首先，無人駕駛汽車實際上更安全。下文driverlesscarsaremoreefficient（效率高的）thanmannedcars.Thirdly,driverlesscarsfollowthetrafficrules.其次，無人駕駛汽車比有人駕駛的汽車更有效。第三，無人駕駛汽車遵守交通規則。可知Withdriverlesscars,thenumberofdeathscausedbyaccidentswill

decrease.

交通事故會減少，故選A。【點評】考查閱讀理解，首先通讀全文，了解全文大意，其次分析問題，抓住關鍵詞，在文中尋找相關信息，確定答案，最后再檢查一遍，確保答案正確。9．閱讀理解

Six-year-oldgirlIriswasbornwithautism（自閉癥）.Shedidn'tliketotalkorbewithothersandsheoftenfeltnervous,whenIriswasthreeyearsold,hermothergavehersomeartlessons.ThereshefoundIrishadgreattalentforpainting.Fromthenon,Irisoftenspendsherdaypainting.

However,Irisstillfeltlonely.Iris'sparentslearnedthatanimalsweregoodforchildrenwithautism,sotheyintroducedsomeanimalstoIris.BeforeThula,theyintroducedhorses,dogsandothercatstoIris,butthosedidn'thelp.UntilcatThulaarrived,theygotalongverywellinjustafewweeks.Irisoftendrawsaboutthecat'seyesandnoseinherpaintings.

Iris'smothersaid,"WhenIrisispainting,shetellsThulatositifshejumpsupontothetable.ThulastaystherewatchingIriswithgreatinterest."

IrisandThulaarealwaystogether,eating,sleeping,playing...Iris'smotherhoundthatitwaseasiertomakeIristalkwithotherswhenThulawasaround."ThankstoThula,Irisfoundawaytoshowherfeelingsandcommunicatewiththeworld.Sheishappierthaneverbefore."（1）Irislikedto

beforeshelearnedpainting.A.

talkwithothers

B.

gotoparks

C.

gotoschool

D.

bealone（2）whydidIris'sparentsintroduceanimalstoher?A.

BecausetheyweregoodforIris'sillness.

B.

BecauseIrislikedanimals.C.

Becausetheywantedapet.

D.

BecauseIrislikedtodrawanimals.（3）WhatdoesIrisoftendrawaboutThula?A.

Thula'searsandeyes.

B.

Thula'shairandeyes.C.

Thula'seyesandnose.

D.

Thula'smouthandnose.（4）Thulaoften

whenIrisisdrawing.A.

playswiththepicturesB.

drawspicturesC.

jumpsupanddownD.

sitsthereandwatchesIris【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：艾里斯自幼患有自閉癥，很少與人交流，三歲時，艾里斯開始喜歡畫畫。后來父母把一些動物介紹給艾里斯，后來圖拉成了她的好伙伴。（1）細節理解題。根據文中的語句Shedidn'tliketotalkorbewithothersandsheoftenfeltnervous，理解可知，艾里斯在學畫畫以前，一直獨自一人玩。故選D。（2）細節理解題。根據文中的語句

Iris'sparentslearnedthatanimalsweregoodforchildrenwithautism,sotheyintroducedsomeanimalstoIris.理解可知，艾里斯的父母知道動物對自閉癥兒童有好處，所以他們把一些動物介紹給艾里斯，故選A。（3）細節理解題。根據文中的語句Irisoftendrawsaboutthecat'seyesandnoseinherpaintings.理解可知，艾里斯經常畫圖拉的眼睛和鼻子，故選C。（4）細節理解題。根據文中的語句

Iris'smothersaid,"WhenIrisispainting,shetellsThulatositifshejumpsupontothetable.ThulastaystherewatchingIriswithgreatinterest."理解可知，艾里斯在畫畫時，圖拉經常坐在那里，看她畫畫，故選D。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文主要考查細節理解題，首先仔細閱讀文后的問題，弄清問題的大意；然后帶著問題閱讀短文，抓住關鍵信息，選擇正確答案。10．閱讀理解

Lately,peoplehaveenteredtheforestswherechimpanzeeslive.Thechimpanzeeshavebeengettingsickbecauseofpeople'sdiseases.Inaddition,peoplearehuntingchimpanzees.Theirnumberisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.

ChimpanzeesliveintheplainsandforestsofAfrica.Theyeatmanykindsoffoods,fromplantleavesandseedstoinsectsandevenothersmallanimals.Chimpanzees'favouritefoodisfruit.

Chimpanzeesareverycleverandtheycanusetoolswell.Theycancatchbugsbyusingsticks,andbreaknutsbyusingrocks.

Theworld'sforestsaremuchsmallerthantheywerebefore.Roadswerebuiltindeepforests,sopeoplestarttoentertheforestswherechimpanzeeslive.Thatmayleadtomanyproblems.Oneproblemforchimpanzeesisthattheycaneasilycatchpeople'sdiseasesanddie.Chimpanzeesaremuchclosertopeoplethanmonkeys.

Asit'seasierforpeopletoenterforests,theyhuntmoreoften.Youngchimpanzeesarecaughttobepetsorforscientificresearch.Theyoungonesaretakenawayfromtheforests,andtheadultsarekilled.Chimpanzeesarelikelytodisappearinthefuture.（1）Chimpanzeesliveintheplainsandforestsof

.A.

Africa

B.

Asia

C.

Europe

D.

America（2）ChimpanzeesmayfeedonthefollowingEXCEPT

.A.

insects

B.

bugs

C.

lions

D.

fruit（3）Chimpanzeescanbreaknutsbyusing

.A.

sticks

B.

rocks

C.

theirteeth