2022年度全國英語專業四級試題及答案(4)

Traditionally,thewomanhasheldalowpositioninmarriage

partnerships.Whileherhusbandwenthisway,shehadtowash,

stitchandsew.Todaythemoveistoliberatethewoman,whichmay

intheendstrengthenthemarriageunion.Perhapsthegreatest

obstacletofriendshipinmarriageistheamountacoupleusually

seeofeachother.Friendshipinitsusualsenseisnottestedby

thestrainofdaily,year-longcohabitation.Couplesneedtotake

upseparateinterests(andfriendship)aswellasmutuallyshared

ones,iftheyarenottogetusedtothemoreattractiveelements

ofeachother'spersonalities.

Marriedcouplesare1ikelytoexertthemselvesforguests-

beingamusing,discussingwithpassionandpoint-andthentofall

intodullexhaustedsilencewhentheguestshavegone.

Asinallfriendship,ahusbandandwifemusttrytointerest

eachother,andtospendsufficienttimesharingabsorbing

activitiestogivethemcontinuingcommoninterests.Butatthesame

timetheymustspendenoughtimeonseparateinterestswithseparate

peopletopreserveanddeveloptheirseparatepersonalitiesand

keeptheirrelationship

fresh.

Fortoomanyhighlyintelligentworkingwomen,homerepresents

choreobligations,becausethehusbandonlytoleratesherworkand

doesnotparticipateinhouseholdchores.Fortoomanyhighly

intelligentworkingmen,homerepresentsdulInessandcomplaints

-fromanover-dependentwifewhowillnotgathercouragetomake

herownlife.

Insuchanatmosphere,thepartnersgrowfurtherandfurther

apart,bothloveandlikingdisappearing.Fortoomanycoupleswith

children,thechildrenareallowedtocommandalltimeandattention,

allowingthecouplenotimetodevelop1ikingandfriendship,as

wellaslove,allottingthemexclusiveparentalroles.

75.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatements

isCORRECT?

A.Friendshipinmarriagemeansdaily,year-longcohabitation.

B.Friendshipcanbekeptfreshbybothseparateandshared

interests.

C.Friendshipinmarriageisbasedondevelopingsimilarinterests.

D.Friendshipinmarriageisbasedondevelopingseparateinterest.

76.Thepassagesuggeststhatmarriedcouplesbecome___.

A.unfriendlywithguests

B.uninterestedinguests

C.hostilewhenguestshaveleft

D.quietwhenguesthaveleft

77.Thepassageseemstoindicateattheendthatchildren

A.helpcouplesreinforcetheirfriendship

B.makenoimpactonthequalityoffriendship

C.mayposeobstaclesinmaritalfriendship

D.commandlesstimeandcarethanexpected

TEXTD

SendingachildtoschoolinEnglandisastepwhichmany

parentsdonotfindeasytotake.Intheory,atleast,theproblem

isthatthereareverymanychoicestomake.Letustrytolistsome

ofthealternativesbetweenwhichparentsareforcedtodecide.To

beginwith,theymayaskthemselveswhethertheywouldliketheir

childtogotoasingle-sexschooloraco-educationalschool.They

mayalsoconsiderwhetherheshouldgotoaschoolwhichisconnected

toaparticularchurchorreligiousgroup,orwhethertheschool

shouldhavenosuchconnections.AnotherdecisionisWhetherthe

schoolshouldbeoneofthevastmajorityfinancedbytheStateor

oneoftheverysmallbutinfluentialminorityofprivateschools,

thoughthischoiceis,ofcourse,onlyavailabletothesmallnumber

ofthosewhocanpay.Alsoconnectedwiththequestionofmoneyis

whetherthechildshouldgotoaboardingschoolor1iveathome.

Thenthereisthequestionofwhatthechildshoulddoatschool.

Shoulditbeaschoolwhosecurriculumlaysemphasis,forinstance,

onnecessaryskills,suchasreading,writingandmathematics,or

onewhichpaysmoreattentiontodevelopingthechild'spersonality,

morally,emotionallyandsocially.Finally,withdissatisfaction

withconventionaleducationasgreatasitisinsomecirclesin

EnglandandcertainlyintheUSA,thequestionmightevenarisein

theparents'mindsastowhetherthechildshouldbecompelledto

gotoschoolatall.Althoughinpractice,someparentsmaynotthink

twiceaboutanyofthesechoicesandsendtheirchildtotheonly

schoolavailableintheimmediateneighbourhood,anyparentwhois

interestedenoughcaninsistthatasmanychoicesaspossiblebe

madeopentohim,andthesystemistheoreticallysupposedto

providethem.

78.Parentsfindchoosingaschoolhardbecause___.

A.thereisalimitednumberofchoices

B.someschoolsareveryexpensive

C.someschoolsaregovernmentschools

D.theyarefacedwithavarietyofoffers

79.Accordingtothepassage,someparents,ifallowed,might

lettheirchiIdrenstayathomebecausethey___.

A.don,tfindconventionaleducationsatisfactory

B.don'tknowhowtochooseamongdifferentschools

C.intendtoeducatetheirchildrenthemselves

D.findconventionaleducationtooexpensivetopayfor

80.Whatisimpliedattheveryendofthepassage?

A.Mostparentsareunconcernedaboutthechoicesavailabletothem.

B.Interestedparentscanrequestmoreschoolchoicesbeopento

them.

C.Theeducationalsystemmaynotprovideasmanychoicesas

expected.

D.Mostparentsusuallysendtheirchildrentotheschoolsnearby.

閱讀B

SECTIONBSKIMMINGANDSCANNING[5MIN.]

Inthissectiontherearesevenpassageswithatotaloften

multiple-choicequestions.Skimorscanthemasrequiredandthen

markyouranswers.

TEXTE

Firstreadthefollowingquestion.

81.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto___.

A.warnpeopleofpickpockets.B.tellpeoplewhatto

wear.C.describehowtocatchthieves.D.explainhow

tocontactthepolice.

Now,gothroughTEXTEquicklyandanswerquestion81.

Pickpocketsoperateincrowdedplacesinthehopeofgetting

easypickings.Don'tmakeiteasyforthem.Keepwallets,purses

andothervaluablesoutofsight.Ifwearingajacket,aninside

pocketisthebestplacetouse.Ifnot,yourpossessionsaresafest

inapocketwithabutton-downflap.

Pleaseco-operatewiththepolicebyreportinganycrimeor

suspiciousactivityimmediately,eitherbydialling110orcalling

atyournearestpolicestation.

TEXTF

Firstreadthefollowingquestion.

82.Themaintopicofthepassageis___.

A.agriculturalproductsB.irrigationmethods

C.naturalresourcesD.watershortages

Now,gothroughTEXTFquicklyandanswerquestion82.

ItiswidelyacceptedthatChinaisacountryfacedwithsevere

watershortages.Insufficientwaterresourceshaveslowed

agriculturaldevelopment.Andto

makemattersworse,someofthetraditionalChineseirrigation

methodshavewastedanastonishingamountofwater.

InChinatoday,theutilizationefficiencyoffarmingwater

isabout30-40percent.Thisfigurestandsinsharpcontrastto

developedcountriesJutilizationaverageof70-80percent.The

lowutilizationefficiencyhasresultedfromtheadoptionofsome

traditionalChineseirrigationmethods.

Onlybyusingmodernirrigationmethodscanwereducewater

shortageinagriculture.

Oneoftheadvantagesofmodernirrigationmethodsisthatthey

alonecansave20-30percentofthepresentvolumeofwasted

irrigat