2025屆高考英語復習：經典好題專項（閱讀理解+讀后續寫）練習

I.閱讀理解

A

2024?浙江1月，D議論文310詞★★★☆☆

TheStanfordmarshmallow（棉花糖）testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalter

Mischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.A

singlesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaited

for15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleft

aloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetween

anabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'renottemptedbysugary

treats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobal

deliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdoto

preschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andour

brainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue-afeelingof

rewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe*vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecost

andeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyears

ago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthat

weknowweshouldn'teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasa

specieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.

Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselessly

bombarded（轟炸）withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulabout

ourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,

resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood“inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.

1.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischeFstest?

A.Takeanexaminationalone.

B.Showrespectfortheresearchers.

C.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.

D.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.

2.AccordingtoParagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites

B.theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneeds

C.therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains

D.thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.

B.Absorbnewinformationreadily.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.

D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMore

B.TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetter

D.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

B

2024?浙江1月，B記敘文329詞★★★☆☆

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall-not

toshelterfromtherain.Agesago,right?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurpose

was...2006.1wasconductingauditions（試演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.

Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocomeandworkformefornothing,Ispreadsome

throwsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeit_seemabitmore“youngprofessional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.

SuddenlyIwaslockedoutside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephone

boxacrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady'smanaging

agent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbackinbeforetheactors

arrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthenareno

longeranypublictelephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnedintoa

“minicommunitylibrary^^：anypasser-bycan“borrow“abookfromitsshelves,andreturnitlater,

orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe"library“opened,Ididn*tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumed

thatitwouldbestuffedfullofcheeselovestories.ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleans

droppingboxesofvoluminousbooksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.This

unbeatablepricepointencouragedmetoexperimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnever

normallyconsiderbuying.AndPvediscoveredsomegreatbooks!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadly,nolongerbe

abletoconnectmewithmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitformy

wifetorescueme.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

6.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.

B.Toputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.

D.Toholdanaudition.

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“minicommunitylibrary”?

Altprovidesphoneserviceforfree.

B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.

D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

8.Whydidtheauthorstarttousethe"library”?

A.Hewantedtoborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplaceforreading.

n.讀后續寫

閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。

[2024-九省聯考]Lastsummer,Hildaworkedasavolunteerwithdolphintrainersatasealife

park.Herjobwastomakesurethetankswerefreeofanyitemssothatthetrainerscouldtrainthe

dolphinstofetchspecificitems.However,onedayaftercleaning,oneofthedolphins,Maya,

presentedHildawithacandywrapperfromthetank.WhenKatherine,thetrainer,sawthis,she

blamedHildaforhercarelessness.Upsetbutnotdiscouragedbythisevent,Hildadecidedtodo

somespyingonMaya.

Thenextmorning,Hildaarrivedattheparkearly.Sheputonherscubagear（水下呼吸器）

andjumpedintothetankforherusual,underwatersweep.Findingnothinginthetank,she

climbedoutofthewaterjustintimetoseeKatherinejumpinginontheotherside.Afterwhat

happenedyesterday,Hildaknewwhatshewasdoing.ShewatchedasKatherineperformedher

underwatersearch,butHildawasn'tsurprisedwhenshesurfacedempty-handed.

Duringthetanksweeps,Mayahadbeenswimmingplayfully,butnowthedolphinstopped

suddenlyandswamtothebackpartofthetankwherethefilter（過濾）boxwaslocated.Shestuck

hernosedownbehindtheboxandthenswamaway.WhatwasMayadoingbackthere?Hilda

wondered.Shejumpedbackintothewaterandswamovertotakealookbehindthebox,andher

questionwasanswered.HildathenswamacrossthetankfollowingMaya*spathandemergedfrom

thewatertofindKatherineremovingherscubagear.AsKatherineturnedaround,hermouth

droppedopen.TherewasMayaattheedgeofthetankwithacomb（梳子）inhermouthwaiting

forhertreat.

“Maya!Wheredidyougetthat?”demandedKatherine,takingthecombandthrowing

herafish."Iknowwhereshegotit,“declaredHildaclimbingoutofthetankwithahandfulof

itemsstillwetfromtheirwatery,restingplace."What'sallthis?”Katherineasked,obviously

confused.

注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在相應位置作答。

“ThisisMaya*ssecret,“Hildasaidwithabigsmile.

NowKatherinerealizedwhathadbeengoingon.

Onepossibleversion：

“ThisisMaya'ssecret,“Hildasaidwithabigsmile.(6Thetruthofthematter,“Hilda

continued,atisthatMayahasbeensecretlycollectingitemsfromthetank,hidingthemnearthe

filterinthebackofthetank.Whenyoutrainher,shewillgiveyousomeitemssothatshecanget

treatsfromyou.^^“Really?Howdoyouknowthat?”Katherineaskedinsurprise.Hilda

laughedandreplied,6tIttookmealongtimetodiscoverthissecret,too.Ifsnoteasytofollow

Maya.”

NowKatherinerealizedwhathadbeengoingon.Katherinethoughttoherself,thisisreallya

cleverdolphin.AndshesaidtoHilda,tuWell,Mayalovestreats,sowellworktogether,andyou'll

secretlyhelphercollectafewthingsandputtheminthefilteratthebackofthetank.Pllgiveher

treats,thenumberofwhichIcanincrease.^^Hildareplied,t4Goodidea,let*sdoit."Fromthenon,

theSeaLifeParkisfullofwarmthandharmony.Maya*sperformanceinfrontoftheaudienceis

gettingbetterandbetter.

參考答案

I.閱讀理解

A

2024?浙江1月，D議論文310詞★★★☆☆

TheStanfordmarshmallow（棉花糖）testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalter

Mischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.A

singlesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaited

for15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleft

aloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetween

anabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'renottemptedbysugary

treats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobal

deliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdoto

preschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andour

brainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue-afeelingof

rewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe*vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecost

andeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyears

ago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthat

weknowweshouldn'teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasa

specieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.

Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselessly

bombarded（轟炸）withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulabout

ourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,

resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfbod“inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.

語篇類型：議論文主題語境：人與自我一一做人與做事一一兒童棉花糖實驗的啟示

【語篇解讀】文章通過20世紀60年代一項針對孩子的棉花糖實驗引出作者觀點

身處網絡時代，我們每天都受到大量信息的誘惑，要學會做有選擇的信息消費者。

1.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischeFstest?

A.Takeanexaminationalone.

B.Showrespectfortheresearchers.

C.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.

D.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.

答案解析：D理解具體信息。根據第一段對Mischel的棉花糖實驗的介紹中的“Each

childwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecond

treat”可知，孩子們如果等待15分鐘再吃糖，就會得到第二份獎勵，故選D項。

2.AccordingtoParagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween.

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites

B.theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneeds

C.therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains

D.thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit

答案解析：C理解具體信息。根據題干中“mismatch”這一關鍵詞將答案定位在第三段

的最后一句話“Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostand

effortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,

andthismismatchisattheheart...weshouldnleat”。由此句可知，我們獲取熱量所需付出的成

本和努力大大減少，也就是說現在我們能夠輕易獲取充足的食物了，但是我們的大腦仍然和

數千年前一樣，因此這兩者之間是不匹配的，故選C項。A項“熱量匱乏的世界和我們的

好胃口”；B項“糖分的缺乏和我們的營養需求”；C項“充足的食物供應和我們一成不變

的大腦”；D項“誘人的食物和我們為保持健康所做的努力”。

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.

B.Absorbnewinformationreadily.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.

D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

答案解析：B推斷。根據最后一段中的uTherefore...wealsoneedtobemorethoughtful

aboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental'junkfood5inorderto

manageourtimemosteffectively”可知，作者建議我們要謹慎地對待信息消費，抵制那些對

我們的精神健康有害的信息誘惑，以達到高效管理時間的目的。因此可推斷出，作者建議讀

者要做有選擇的信息消費者，故選B項。A項“欣然接受新信息”；C項“使用多樣化的

信息源”；D項“保護信息環境”。

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMore

B.TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetter

D.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

答案解析：D理解文章主旨要義。本文圍繞棉花糖實驗展開，從最初針對幼兒園孩子

的測試引入，說明棉花糖對孩子的影響，再類比到成人身上，闡述了在充斥著各類信息的信

息大環境下，我們成年人也應該要學會抵制不良信息帶來的誘惑，做一個有選擇的信息消費

者，因此文章重點介紹了成人面臨的“棉花糖實驗”，故選D項。

B

2024?浙江1月,B記敘文329詞★★★☆☆

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall-not

toshelterfromtherain.Agesago,right?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurpose

was...2006.1wasconductingauditions（試演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.

Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocomeandworkformefornothing,Ispreadsome

throwsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeit_seemabitmore“youngprofessional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.

SuddenlyIwaslockedoutside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephone

boxacrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady'smanaging

agent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbackinbeforetheactors

arrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthenareno

longeranypublictelephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnedintoa

“minicommunitylibrary^^：anypasser-bycan“borrow“abookfromitsshelves,andreturnitlater,

orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe“library“opened,Ididn'tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumed

thatitwouldbestuffedfullofcheeselovestories.ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleans

droppingboxesofvoluminousbooksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.This

unbeatablepricepointencouragedmetoexperimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnever

normallyconsiderbuying.AndPvediscoveredsomegreatbooks!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadly,nolongerbe

abletoconnectmewithmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitformy

wifetorescueme.

語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——社會進步——電話亭的變遷

【語篇解讀】作者回憶了自己最后一次使用電話亭的經歷，并發現家附近最后一個電

話亭被改造成了“迷你社區圖書館”，這為社區提供了新的價值。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

答案解析：B理解詞匯。根據第一段中的“Iwasconductingauditions（試演）formyplay

inmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon”和“Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandles

tomakeitseemabitmore'youngprofessional'”可推斷出，作者是在合租房里安排試演，

為了給一些有天賦的演員留下深刻印象而將合租房布置了一番，故選B項。

6.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.

B.Toputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.

D.Toholdanaudition.

答案解析：A推斷。根據題干信息將答案定位在第一、二段。第二段提到作者被鎖在

了門外，但是幸運的是"therewasatelephoneboxacrossthestreet”,因此作者打電話拿到了備

用鑰匙，才得以及時趕回家。由此可推斷出，在2006年作者使用電話亭是為了撥打緊急電

話，故選A項。

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthe"minicommunitylibrary”?

A.Itprovidesphoneserviceforfree.

B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.

D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

答案解析：B理解具體信息。根據題干中的“minicommunitylibrary”將答案鎖定在第

三段。由該段中的"a'minicommunitylibraryJ:anypasser-bycan...orreplaceitwith

anothertitlefromtheirowncollection^可知，任何路過的人都能用自己的另一本藏書來替換

其中的一本書，也就是說任何人都可以為這個圖書館的藏書做出貢獻，故選B項。A項“它

提供免費電話服務”；C項“它在年輕讀者中受歡迎”；D項“一個月之內必須歸還圖書”。

8.Whydidtheauthorstarttousethe“library”?

A.Hewantedtoborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplacefbrreading.

答案解析：c理解具體信息。根據第四段可知，作者一開始認為這個“圖書館”里都

是一些庸俗的愛情故事書，但后來卻注意到那里有各種主題的大部頭書，而且這些書都是免

費的。這個無與倫比的價格點鼓勵作者嘗試許多自己通常不會考慮購買的書，并且發現了一

些很棒的書。由此可知，作者因為發現那里有免費的好書，才轉變之前的想法，開始使用這

個“圖書館”。故選C項。

II.讀后續寫

閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。

[2024-九省聯考]Lastsummer,Hildaworkedasavolunteerwithdolphintrainersatasealife

park.Herjobwastomakesurethetankswerefreeofanyitemssothatthetrainerscouldtrainthe

dolphinstofetchspecificitems.However,onedayaftercleaning,oneofthedolphins,Maya,

presentedHildawithacandywrapperfromthetank.WhenKatherine,thetrainer,sawthis,she

blamedHildafbrhercarelessness.Upsetbutnotdiscouragedbythisevent,Hildadecidedtodo

somespyingonMaya.

Thenextmorning,Hildaarrivedattheparkearly.Sheputonherscubagear（水下呼吸器）

andjumpedintothetankforherusual,underwatersweep.Findingnothinginthetank,she

climbedoutofthewaterjustintimetoseeKatherinejumpinginontheotherside.Afterwhat

happenedyesterday,Hildaknewwhatshewasdoing.ShewatchedasKatherineperformedher

underwatersearch,butHildawasn'tsurprisedwhenshesurfacedempty-handed.

Duringthetanksweeps,Mayahadbeenswimmingpla