Unit1

CulturalHeritageUnit1

CulturalHeritagePART1技法點(diǎn)撥PART2寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練PeriodFive

Writing—AnewsreportPART1技法點(diǎn)撥文體分析把握寫(xiě)作動(dòng)脈新聞是對(duì)新近發(fā)生的事實(shí)的報(bào)道。新聞反映新發(fā)生的、重要的、有意義的、能引起廣泛興趣的事實(shí)，具有迅速、明了、簡(jiǎn)短的特點(diǎn)。一、新聞報(bào)道寫(xiě)作的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)1.具體。新聞?dòng)檬聦?shí)說(shuō)話，五個(gè)W和一個(gè)H(when，where，who，what，why和how)是構(gòu)成一則完整消息不可缺少的要素，這就需要記敘具體的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人、事、經(jīng)過(guò)、因果等。2.準(zhǔn)確。新聞?wù)Z言不能含糊其詞、模棱兩可，也不能夸大或縮小事實(shí)。3.簡(jiǎn)練。新聞?wù)Z言要簡(jiǎn)明扼要、直截了當(dāng)。◆寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)二、新聞寫(xiě)作的結(jié)構(gòu)新聞文體的主體結(jié)構(gòu)主要由標(biāo)題、導(dǎo)語(yǔ)、正文三部分組成。標(biāo)題(headline)：標(biāo)題是文章的眼睛，濃縮概括全文的中心問(wèn)題，要簡(jiǎn)潔、生動(dòng)、具有概括性。導(dǎo)語(yǔ)(leadorintroduction)：導(dǎo)語(yǔ)是新聞的開(kāi)頭，通常為文章的第一段。要求用極簡(jiǎn)明的文字概括新聞的主要事實(shí)。正文(body)：在導(dǎo)語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)上，引入更多的與主題相關(guān)的事實(shí)，使之更加詳實(shí)、具體，并展開(kāi)評(píng)論，進(jìn)而得出結(jié)論。1.Theaccidentoccurredshortlyaftertheplanetookoff.2.AuthoritiesinNortheastChina’sJilinProvincehaveannouncedanewtargetforimprovingthewaterqualityoftheSonghuaRiver，oneofthemostheavilypollutedriversinthecountry.3.Accordingtoanewsurvey，Moscowistheworld’smostexpensivecityforthesecondyearinarow.4.Asthesummervacationiscoming，manystudentsinXiamenareplanningtogotraveling，whileotherstudentsaregoingtotaketrainingcoursesfordifferentreasons.◆常用表達(dá)5.WiththerapidincreaseofChina’spopulation，thehousingproblemisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.6.Thetwocountriesagreedtoreachafinalagreementonthetravelrestrictions.7.IfyouaretogettoSydneybyfive，youmuststartatonce.PART2寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練弄清文絡(luò)寫(xiě)作妙筆生花請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的信息寫(xiě)一篇80詞左右的新聞報(bào)道。四月十二日北京遭遇沙塵暴，當(dāng)天交通事故比平時(shí)多出二十余起，人們開(kāi)始關(guān)注這一災(zāi)害性天氣。下面為專(zhuān)家得出的結(jié)論：頻發(fā)時(shí)間：3、4月份危害：交通事故；土壤沙漠化；肺部疾病直接原因：天氣干燥；氣溫驟變根本原因：人類(lèi)活動(dòng)，如過(guò)度用水，有些地方草原退化；人口增長(zhǎng)解決方法：國(guó)家應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)科學(xué)利用資源等參考詞匯：sandstorm沙塵暴；desertification土壤沙漠化審題1.確定文體：這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，屬于應(yīng)用文，內(nèi)容是報(bào)道發(fā)生在北京的沙塵暴，主體部分要寫(xiě)清楚沙塵暴帶來(lái)的危害以及解決方案。2.主體時(shí)態(tài)：文章應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。3.主體人稱(chēng)：以第三人稱(chēng)為主。謀篇第一段：交代沙塵暴發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、過(guò)程以及所帶來(lái)的危害；第二段：解釋原因；第三段：提出解決辦法。◆審題謀篇1.由于可怕的沙塵暴 _____________________________2.把人們的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向 _________________________3.對(duì)交通安全構(gòu)成威脅 _____________________4.與土壤沙漠化密切相關(guān) _______________________________5.導(dǎo)致 ________核心詞匯◆遣詞造句owing

to

the

terrible

sandstormturn

people’s

attention

toa

threat

to

traffic

safetybe

closely

related

to

desertificationresult

in連詞成句1.沙塵暴對(duì)交通安全構(gòu)成威脅，因?yàn)樯硥m暴會(huì)讓駕駛員的眼睛難以看清楚。(原因狀語(yǔ)從句；it充當(dāng)形式賓語(yǔ))Sandstormsareathreattotrafficsafety________________________________.2.在中國(guó)北方，沙塵暴經(jīng)常發(fā)生在3月到4月之間。(主謂結(jié)構(gòu))__________________________________________________________________3.更糟糕的是，空氣質(zhì)量差會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們患肺癌。，thebadairqualitycancausepeopletodeveloplungcancer.because

they

make

it

difficult

for

drivers

to

see

clearlySandstorms

frequently

occur

in

Northern

China

between

March

and

April.What

is

worse4.沙塵暴會(huì)造成空氣質(zhì)量差。__________________________________________5.人類(lèi)活動(dòng)是沙塵暴的罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?responsible)Humanactivities.6.專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，中國(guó)應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)明智和科學(xué)地利用資源。(賓語(yǔ)從句)Expertssay.Sandstorms

can

produce

the

bad

air

quality.are

responsible

for

sandstormsChina

should

encourage

wise

and

scientific

use

of

resources1.用定語(yǔ)從句把1、2句連接起來(lái)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)連接3、4句_______________________________________________________________________________________3.用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)連接5、6句__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________句式升級(jí)What

is

worse，the

bad

air

quality

produced

by

sandstorms

can

cause

people

to

develop

lung

cancer.Sandstorms，whichfrequentlyoccurinNorthernChinabetweenMarchandApril，areathreattotrafficsafetybecausetheymakeitdifficultfordriverstoseeclearly.With

human

activities

being

responsible

for

sandstorms，experts

say

China

should

encourage

wise

and

scientific

use

of

resources.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)，把以上詞匯和句式，再加上聯(lián)想內(nèi)容，組成一篇80詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。◆組句成篇HitbyTroublesomeSandstormsAgainApril12th—TwentymoretrafficaccidentsthanusualhappenedinBeijingtodayowingtotheterriblesandstorm.Thishassuddenlyturnedpeople’sattentiontothecausesofsuchdisastrousweather.Sandstorms，whichfrequentlyoccurinNorthernChinabetweenMarchandApril，areathreattotrafficsafetybecausetheymakeitdifficultfordriverstoseeclearly.Also，accordingtoscientists，theyarecloselyrelatedtodesertification.Whatisworse，thebadairqualityproducedbysandstormscancausepeopletodeveloplungcancer.參考范文Whatarethecausesofsandstorms?Dryweatherandsuddenchangesintemperaturecanresultin