2013年12月大學英語四級真題試卷（三）全部題型

1.Writing2.ListeningComprehension3.4.ReadingComprehension5.TranslationPartIWriting1．Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.YoushouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountoftheimpactoftheInternetonthewaypeoplecommunicateandthenexplainwhetherelectroniccommunicationcanreplaceface-to-facecontact.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words."DearAndyHowareyou?YourmotherandIarefine.Webothmissyouandhopeyouaredoingwell.Welookforwardtoseeingyouagainthenexttimeyourcomputercrashesandyoucomedownstairsforsomethingtoeat.Love,MomandDad."PartIIListeningComprehensionSectionA2．A．Planhisbudgetcarefully.B．Givehermoreinformation.C．Asksomeoneelseforadvice.D．Buyagiftforhisgirlfriend.3．A．She'llhavesomechocolatecake.B．She'lltakealookatthemenu.C．She'llgowithoutdessert.D．She'llpreparethedinner.4．A．Themancanspeakaforeignlanguage.B．ThewomanhopestoimproveherEnglish.C．Thewomanknowsmanydifferentlanguages.D．Themanwishestovisitmanymorecountries.5．A．Gotothelibrary.B．Meetthewoman.C．SeeProf.Smith.D．Haveadrinkinthebar.6．A．Sheisn'tsurewhenProf.Bloomwillbeback.B．Themanshouldn'tbelateforhisclass.C．Themancancomebacksometimelater.D．Shecanpassonthemessagefortheman.7．A．Hehasastrangepersonality.B．He'sgotemotionalproblems.C．Hisillnessisbeyondcure.D．Hisbehaviorishardtoexplain.8．A．Theticketsaremoreexpensivethanexpected.B．Theticketsaresoldinadvanceathalfprice.C．It'sdifficulttobuytheticketsonthespot.D．It'sbettertobuytheticketsbeforehand.9．A．Heturnedsuddenlyandranintoatree.B．Hewashitbyafallenboxfromatruck.C．Hedrovetoofastandcrashedintoatruck.D．Hewastryingtoovertakethetruckaheadofhim.10．A．TogoboatingontheSt.LawrenceRiver.B．TogosightseeinginQuebecProvince.C．TocallonafriendinQuebecCity.D．ToattendaweddinginMontreal.11．A．StudythemapofQuebecProvince.B．FindmoreaboutQuebecCity.C．BrushuponherFrench.D．Learnmoreaboutthelocalcustoms.12．A．It'smostbeautifulinsummer.B．Ithasmanyhistoricalbuildings.C．Itwasgreatlyexpandedinthe18thcentury.D．It'stheonlyFrench-speakingcityinCanada.13．A．Itwasaboutalittleanimal.B．Ittookhersixyearstowrite.C．Itwasadaptedfromafairytale.D．Itwasaboutalittlegirlandherpet.14．A．Sheknowshowtowritebest-sellingnovels.B．Shecanearnalotofmoneybywritingforadults.C．Sheisabletowinenoughsupportfrompublishers.D．Shecanmakealivingbydoingwhatshelikes.15．A．Thecharacters.B．Thereaders.C．Herideas.D．Herlifeexperiences.16．A．Shedoesn'treallyknowwheretheyoriginated.B．Shemainlydrewonstoriesofancientsaints.C．Theypoppedoutofherchildhooddreams.D．Theygrewoutofherlonghoursofthinking.SectionB17．A．Monitorstudents'sleeppatterns.B．Helpstudentsconcentrateinclass.C．Recordstudents'weeklyperformance.D．Askstudentstocompleteasleepreport.18．A．Declininghealth.B．Lackofattention.C．Lossofmotivation.D．Improperbehavior.19．A．Theyshouldmakesuretheirchildrenarealwayspunctualforschool.B．Theyshouldensuretheirchildrengrowupinahealthyenvironment.C．Theyshouldhelptheirchildrenaccomplishhigh-qualitywork.D．Theyshouldseetoitthattheirchildrenhaveadequatesleep.20．A．Shestoppedbeingahomemaker.B．Shebecameafamouseducator.C．Shebecameapublicfigure.D．Shequitdrivingaltogether.21．A．Amotorist'sspeeding.B．Herrunningastopsign.C．Herlackofdrivingexperience.D．Amotorist'sfailuretoconcentrate.22．A．Nervousandunsureofherself.B．Calmandconfidentofherself.C．Courageousandforceful.D．Distractedandreluctant.23．A．Morestricttrainingofwomendrivers.B．Restrictionsoncellphoneusewhiledriving.C．Improvedtrafficconditionsincities.D．Newregulationstoensurechildren'ssafety.24．A．Theyhaven'tdevotedasmuchenergytomedicineastospacetravel.B．Therearetoomanykindsofcoldvirusesforthemtoidentify.C．Itisnoteconomicaltofindacureforeachtypeofcold.D．Theybelievepeoplecanrecoverwithouttreatment.25．A．Theyrevealtheseriousnessoftheproblem.B．Theyindicatehowfastthevirusspreads.C．Theytelluswhatkindofmedicinetotake.D．Theyshowourbodyisfightingthevirus.26．A．Itactuallydoesmoreharmthangood.B．Itcausesdamagetosomeorgansofourbody.C．Itworksbetterwhencombinedwithotherremedies.D．Ithelpsustorecovermuchsooner.SectionCYouprobablyhavenoticedthatpeopleexpresssimilarideasindifferentways,dependingonthesituationtheyarein.Thisisvery【B1】______Alllanguageshavetwogenerallevelsofusage:aformallevelandaninformallevel.Englishisno【B2】______Thedifferenceinthesetwolevelsisthesituationinwhichyouusea【B3】______level.Formallanguageisthekindoflanguageyoufindintextbooks,【B4】______,andinbusinessletters.YouwouldalsouseformalEnglishincompositionsand【B5】______thatyouwriteinschool.Informallanguageisusedinconversationwithcolleagues,familymembersandfriends,andwhenwewrite_【B6】_______notesorletterstoclosefriends.Formallanguageisdifferentfrominformallanguage【B7】______First,formallanguagetendstobemorepolite.Whatwemayfindinterestingisthatitusuallytakesmorewordstobepolite.Forexample,Imightsaytoafriendorafamilymember,"Closethedoor,please."buttoa【B8】______,Iprobablywouldsay,"Wouldyoumindclosingthedoor?"Anotherdifferencebetweenformalandinformallanguageissomeofthe【B9】______Thereareboundtobesomewordsandphrasesthat【B10】______formallanguageandothersthatareinformal.Let'ssaythatIreallylikesoccer.IfI'mtalkingtomyfriend,Imightsay"I'mjustcrazyaboutsoccer!"ButifIweretalkingtomyboss,Iwouldprobablysay"Ireallyenjoysoccer."27．【B1】28．【B2】29．【B3】30．【B4】31．【B5】32．【B6】33．【B7】34．【B8】35．【B9】36．【B10】PartIIIReadingComprehensionSectionAThemobilephoneisamagicdevicewidelyusedthesedays.Althoughithasbeennearly30yearssincethefirstcommercialmobile-phonenetworkwaslaunched,advertisershaveyettofigureouthowtogettheir【C1】______outtomobile-phoneusersinabigway.Thereare2.2billioncell-phoneusersworldwide,a【C2】______thatisgrowingbyabout25%eachyear.Yetspendingonadscarriedovercell-phonenetworkslastyear【C3】_______tojust$1.5billionworldwide,afractionofthe$424billionglobaladmarket.Butasthenumberofeyeballsgluedto【C4】______screensmultiplies,sotoodoesthemobilephone'svalueasapocketbillboard(廣告牌).Consumersare【C5】______usingtheirphonesforthingsotherthanvoicecalls,suchastextmessaging,downloadingsongsandgames,and【C6】______theInternet.By2010,70millionAsiansareexpectedtobewatchingvideosandTVprogramsonmobilephones.Alloftheseactivitiesgiveadvertisers【C7】______optionsforreachingaudiences.Duringsoccer'sWorldCuplastsummer,forexample,Adidasusedreal-timescoresandgamesto【C8】_______thousandsoffanstoawebsitesetupformobile-phoneaccess."Ourtargetaudiencewasmalesaged17to25,"saysMarcusSpurrell,AdidasregionalmanagerforAsia."Theirmobilesarealwayson,alwaysintheirpocket-youjustcan't【C9】______cellphonesasanadvertisingtool."Mobile-phonemarketinghasbecomeas【C10】______aplatformasTV.onlineorprint.A)accessingF)charactersK)patientlyB)amountedG)freshL)tinyC)approachingH)ignoreM)totalD)attractI)increasinglyN)violatedE)casualJ)messagesO)vital37．【C1】38．【C2】39．【C3】40．【C4】41．【C5】42．【C6】43．【C7】44．【C8】45．【C9】46．【C10】SectionBAMessontheLadderofSuccessA)ThroughoutAmericanhistorytherehasalmostalwaysbeenatleastonecentraleconomicnarrativethatgavetheambitiousorunsatisfiedreasontopackupandseektheirfortuneelsewhere.Forthefirst300orsoyearsofEuropeansettlement,thestorywasaboutmovingoutward:gettingimmigrantstothecontinentandthentothefrontiertocleartheprairies(大草原).drainthewetlandsandbuildnewcities.B)Bytheendofthe19thcentury,asthefrontiervanished,theUShadamildpanicattack.Whatwouldthisenergetic,enterprisingcountrybewithoutnewlandstoconquer?Somepeople,suchasTeddyRoosevelt,decidedtokeeponconquering(Cuba,thePhilippines,etc.),buteventually,inindustrialization,theUSfoundanewnarrativeofeconomicmobilityathome.Fromthe1890stothe1960s,peoplemovedfromfarmtocity,firstintheNorthandthenintheSouth.Infact,bythe1950s,therewasenoughprosperityandwhite-collarworkthatmanybegantomovetothesuburbs.Asthepopulationaged,therewasalsoashiftfromthecoldRustBelttothecomfortsoftheSunBelt.Wethinkofthisasanoldperson'smigration,butitcreatedmanyjobsfortheyounginconstructionandhealthcare,nottomentiontourism,retailandrestaurants.C)Forthelast20years-fromtheendofthecoldwarthroughtwoburstbubblesinasingledecade--theUShasbeencastingaboutforitsnexteconomicnarrative.Andnowitisexperiencinganotherperiodofpanic,whichisbadnewsformuchoftheworkforcebutparticularlyforitsyoungestmembers.D)TheUShasalwaysbeenaremarkablymobilecountry,butnewdatafromtheCensusBureauindicatethatmobilityhasreacheditslowestlevelinrecordedhistory.Sure,somepeoplearestuckinhomesvaluedatlessthantheirmortgages(抵押貸款),butmanyyoungpeoplewhodon'townhomesanddon'tyethavefamilies—arestayingput,too.Thissuggests,amongotherthings,thatpeoplearen'tpackingupforneweconomicopportunitiesthewaytheyusedto.Ratherthandividingthecountryintothe1percentersversus(與......相對)everyoneelse,thesplitinoureconomyisreallybetweentwootherclasses:themobileandimmobile.E)Partoftheproblemisthatthecountry'slargestindustriesareindecline.Inthepast,itwasperfectlyclearwhereyoungpeopleshouldgoforwork(Chicagointhe1870s,Detroitinthe1910s.Houstoninthe1970s)and,moreorless,whatthey'dbedoingwhentheygotthere(killingcattle,buildingcars,sellingoil).Andtheseindustrieswerelargeenoughtoofferjobstoeachclassofworker,fromunskilledlaborertomanagerorengineer.Today,thefewbrightspotsinoureconomyarerelativelysmall(thoughsomepromisefuturegrowth)anddecentralized.TherearegreatjobsinSiliconValley,inthebiotechresearchcapitalsofBostonandRaleigh-Durhamandinadvancedmanufacturingplantsalongthesouthernz-85corridor.Thesecompaniesrecruitalloverthecountryandtheglobeforworkerswithspecificabilities.(Youdon'tneedtobethenextMarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook,togetajobinoneofthemicrohubs(微中心),bytheway.ButyouwillalmostcertainlyneedatleastaB.A.incomputerscienceorayearortwoatatechnicalschool.)Thisnewer,selectjobmarketisnational,anditoffersmembersofthemobileclasscompetitivesalariesandhigherbargainingpower.F)Manymembersoftheimmobileclass,ontheotherhand,liveintheAmericaofthegloomyheadlines.Ifyouhavenospecializedskills,there'slittlereasontouproottoanotherstateandbethelastinlineforalow-payingjobatanewautoplantoragreen-energystartup.Thesurpriseinthecensus(普查)data,however,isthattheimmobileworkforceisnotlimitedtounskilledworkers.Infact,manyhaveacollegedegree.G)Untilnow,aB.A.inanysubjectwasanear-guaranteeofatleastmiddle-classwages.Buttoday,aquarterofcollegegraduatesmakelessthanthetypicalworkerwithoutabachelor'sdegree.DavidAutor,aprominentlaboreconomistatM.I.T.,recentlytoldmethatacollegedegreealoneisnolongeraguarantorofagoodjob.Whilegraduatesfromtopuniversitiesarestilllikelytogetagoodjobnomatterwhattheirmajoris,hesaid,graduatesfromless-famousschoolsaregoingtobejudgedonwhattheyknow.Tocompeteforjobsonanationallevel,theyshouldbearmedwiththeskillsthatemergingindustriesneed,whethertechnicalornot.H)Thosewithoutsuchspecializedskillslikepoetry,orevenhistory,majorsarealreadycompetingwiththeirneighborsforthesamesortsofsecond-rate,poorer-payinglocaljobslikelow-levelmanagementorbig-boxretailsales.Andwiththelow-skilledlabormarketatomizedintothousandsofmicroeconomics,immobileworkersarelessabletodemandbetterwagesorconditionsortoacquirevaluableskills.I)Sowhat,exactly,shouldtheambitiousyoungworkeroftodaybelearning?Unfortunately,it'shardtosay,sincetheUSdoesn'thaveoneclearnationalproject.Thereareplentyofemerging,smallerindustries,butwhichonesarethemostpromising?(Nanotechnology's(納米技術)momentofremarkablegrowthseemstohavebeen5yearsintothefutureforsomethinglike20yearsnow.)It'snotclearexactlywhatskillsaremostneededoriftheywillevenbevaluableinadecade.J)Whatisclearisthatallsortsofgovernmentissues—education,health-insuranceportability,workerretraining—arenolongerjustbonusestoalreadyprosperouslivesbutexistentialrequirements.It'sinallofourintereststomakesurethatasmanypeopleaspossibleareabletomovetowardopportunity,andAmerica'sabilitytoinvestpeopleandmoneyinexcitingnewideasisstillgreaterthanthatofmostotherwealthycountries.(Asrecentlyasfiveyearsago,USmigrationwastwicetherateofEuropeanUnionstates.)That,atleast,issomecomfortatatimewhenournationaleconomyseemstobesearchingforitsnextstoryline.47．Unlikeinthepast,acollegedegreealonedoesnotguaranteeagoodjobforitsholder.48．Thecensusdataissurprisinginthatcollegegraduatesarealsoamongtheimmobileworkforce.49．NewfiguresreleasedbythegovernmentshowthatAmericanstodayarelessmobilethaneverbefore.50．Themigrationofoldpeoplefromcoldtowarmplacesmademanyjobsavailabletotheyoung.51．Americaisbetteratinnovationthanmostotherrichnations.52．EarlyAmericanhistoryisoneofmovingoutward.53．Youngpeopledon'tknowwhattolearnbecauseitishardtopredictwhatskillsaremostneededorvaluedtenyearsfromnow.54．Computerorothertechnicalskillsareneededtogetawell-payingjobinhigh-techoradvancedmanufacturing.55．Whenthefrontiervanishedaboutacenturyago,Americafoundneweconomicmobilityinindustrialization.56．Americatodaycanbedividedintotwoclasses:thosewhomoveandthosewhodon't.SectionCAnewstudyshowsalargegendergaponeconomicpolicyamongthenationsprofessionaleconomists,adividesimilartothegenderdividefoundinthegeneralpublic."Asagroup,wearepro-market,"saysAnnMariMay,co-authorofthestudyandaUniversityofNebraskaeconomist."Butwomenaremorelikelytoacceptgovernmentregulationandinvolvementineconomicactivitythanourmalecolleagues.""It'sverypuzzling,"saysfreemarketeconomistVeroniquedeRugyoftheMercatusCenteratGeorgeMasonUniversity."NotadaygoesbythatIdon'taskmyselfwhytherearesofewwomeneconomistsonthefreemarketside."AnativeofFrance,deRugysupportedgovernmentintervention(干預)earlyinherlifebutchangedhermindafterstudyingeconomics."Wewantmanyofthesamethingsasliberals—lesspoverty,morehealthcare—buthaveradicallydifferentideasonhowtoachieveit."LiberaleconomistDeanBaker,co-founderoftheCenterforEconomicPolicyandResearch,saysmaleeconomistshavebeenontheinsideoftheprofession,confirmingeachother'santi-regulationviews.Women,asoutsiders,"aremorelikelytothinkindependentlyoratleastseepeopleoutsideoftheeconomicsprofessionasformingtheirpeergroup,"hesays.Thegenderbalanceineconomicsischanging.One-thirdofeconomicsdoctorates(博士學位)nowgotowomen."Morediversityisneededatthetablewhenpublicpolicyisdiscussed,"Maysays.Economistsdoagreeonsomethings.FemaleeconomistsagreewithmenthatEuropehastoomuchregulationandthatWal-martisgoodforsociety.Maleeconomistsagreewiththeirfemalecolleaguesthatmilitaryspendingistoohigh.Thegendersaremostdivorcedfromeachotheronthequestionofequalityforwomen.Maleeconomistsoverwhelminglythinkthewagegapbetweenmenandwomenislargelytheresultofindividuals'skills,experienceandvoluntarychoices.Femaleeconomistsoverwhelminglydisagreebyamarginof4-to-l.Thebiggestdisagreement:76%ofwomensayfacultyopportunitiesineconomicsfavormen.Maleeconomistspointtheoppositeway:80%saywomenarefavoredortheprocessisneutral.57．Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A．Thegenderdivideisabigconcernofthegeneralpublic.B．Menandwomenunderstandeconomicsquitedifferently.C．Thegapbetweenmaleandfemaleeconomistsneedstobeclosed.D．Maleandfemaleeconomistsdisagreewidelyoneconomicpolicy.58．WhatdoesAnnMariMaysayaboutfemaleeconomists?A．Theyarestronglyagainstmaledominationintheeconomicsprofession.B．Theytendtosupportgovernmentinterventionineconomicactivity.C．Theyusuallyplayanactiveroleinpublicpolicy-making.D．Theyaremostlystrongadvocatesoffreemarketeconomy.59．WhatdowelearnabouteconomistVeroniquedeRugy?A．Sherepresentsmostfemaleeconomists'standpoint.B．Shedevotesherselftoeliminatingwomen'spoverty.C．Herstudyofeconomicschangedherviewongovernment'sroleineconomicactivities.D．Heracademicbackgroundhelpedhergetintotheinnercircleoftheeconomicsprofession.60．WhatdoesAnnMariMayimplyaboutpublicpolicy-making?A．Morefemaleeconomistsshouldgetinvolved.B．Itshoulddojusticetofemaleeconomists'studies.C．Moreattentionshouldbepaidtowomen'srights.D．Itshouldaimatsustainabledevelopment.61．Onwhatissuedomaleandfemaleeconomistsdiffermost?A．Governmentregulation.B．Jobcreation.C．Militaryspending.D．Genderequality.Thenumberofpostgraduatestudentstravellingfromnon-EUcountriestostudyatUKuniversitieshasfallenforthefirsttimein16years,fuellingfearsthatthegovernment'simmigrationcrackdownisdiscouragingthousandsofthebrighteststudentsfromcontinuingtheirstudiesinBritain.JoBeall,BritishCouncildirectorofeducationandsociety,saidthefallwouldcausealarmamongUKvice-chancellors(大學行政主管)."Thesectorwasexpectingadeclineingrowth,buttheactualreductioninpostgraduatenumbersisofrealconcernasinternationalstudentsmakeupthemajorityofnumbersinmanypostgraduatecoursesandresearchteamsinscience,technology,engineeringandmathematics.""AttractingthebrightestandmostambitiouspostgraduateandresearchstudentsiscriticaliftheUKistomaintainitsqualityreputationforresearch,"Beallsaid.Universitiesgetathirdoftheirtuition(學費)feerevenuefromnon-EUstudents.Thereisgrowing,fearamongvice-chancellorsthatthisrevenue—aswellasthecultural,academicandeconomicbenefitinternationalstudentsbring—isbeingputatrisk.TimWestlake.directorforthestudentexperienceatManchesterUniversity,saidstudentswhosefamiliesreliedonthemworkingintheUKaftertheirstudiestogainexperienceandrepaythefeeswerestartingtolookelsewhere.Lastmonththehomesecretary,TheresaMay.announcedthatembassystaffwouldinterviewmorethan100000applicantsinanattempttopreventbogus(假冒的)onesenteringthecountry.ShealsosaidimmigrantswereresponsibleforpushingupUKhouseprices.Thecommentsfollowedtheintroductionofnewlimitationsonstudents'righttoworkduringandaftertheirstudies.Beallsaid:"Govern