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THEECONOMICCONTRIBUTIONOFMEXICO’S

AUDIOVISUAL

INDUSTRY

AREPORTFOR

MPA

FEBRUARY2024

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TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

1

TABLEOFCONTENTS

Executivesummary2

1.Introduction8

2.Totaleconomicimpactoftheaudiovisualindustry10

2.1TheimpactonMexico’sGDP10

2.2TheimpactonMexico’semployment11

2.3Theproductivityofaudiovisualworkers11

2.4TheimpactonMexico’staxrevenues12

3.Economiccontributionbysegment14

3.1FilmandTVproductionanddistribution15

3.2Television16

3.3Filmexhibition18

3.4VideoonDemand(VOD)19

3.5Retailandreproduction22

4.Additionalimpacts24

4.1AttractingFDIandrelatedbenefits24

4.2Supportingregionaldevelopment25

4.3Encouragingfilm-inducedtourism27

4.4PromotingMexicancontentthroughfilmfestivals27

5.Appendix30

Theaudiovisual(AV)industryinMexicosupportsconsiderableamountsofGDP,jobs,andgovernmentrevenuethroughthe

productionanddistributionofmovies,TVshows,andother

videocontent.Thisreportdemonstratestheintegralrolethat

theAVindustryplaysinthebroadereconomybyestimating

theindustry’sdomesticeconomicfootprint.OxfordEconomics’analysiscomprisesallaspectsoftheaudiovisualindustry,

includingfilmproduction,distribution,andexhibition;the

production,distribution,andbroadcastoftelevisioncontentonfree-to-airandpayTVchannels;andonlinevideoplatforms.Ourestimatesprovidearecentsnapshotoftheaudiovisualindustry,includingimpactsatthebroaderindustrylevelandbrokenoutbysub-sector.

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TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

EXECUTIVESUMMARY

MXN

$228.8bn

TotalGDP

supportedby

theaudiovisual

sectorInMexico

in2022.

TOTALAUDIOVISUALECONOMICIMPACT

BasedonourdetailedanalysisofMexico’seconomy,we

estimatethatin2022,theaudiovisual’sdirecteconomicimpactamountedtoaMXN$138.7billioncontributiontodomesticGDPandover77,000jobs.Theaudiovisualsectordirectlycreates

moreGDPinMexicothanthatgeneratedbythemanufacturingofcomputers.1Thesectoralsosupportedsignificanttax

paymentsfortheMexicangovernment.Weestimatethatthe

industrydirectlysupportedMXN$19.2billionintaxpaymentstothegovernment,anamountequivalenttomorethantheentireMinistryofCulture’sproposedbudgetin2022.2

Fig.1:Theaudiovisualindustry’scontributiontoMexico’seconomy

DirectIndirectInduced

GDPcontribution(MXN$,billions)Total138.768.721.4228.8

Employment(headcount)

77,00096,00031,000200,000

Taxcontribution(MXN$,billions)

19.29.83.132.1

Source:OxfordEconomics

Totalsmaynotsumduetorounding.

2

1InstitutoNacionaldeEstadísticayGeografía(INEGI),“SistemadeCuentasNacionalesdeMéxico.Cuentadebienesyservicios(CBS),”2022(preliminary).

2ChamberofDeputies,“

PresupuestodeEgresosdelaFederaciónparaelEjercicioFiscal2022

,”2022.

3

Filmexhibition

Throughitsspendingwithlocalsuppliersandemployees,

theaudiovisualindustrysupportsanevengreatereconomic

footprintinMexico.Intotal,weestimatetheindustry’sdirect,indirect,andinducedimpacts,asillustratedinFig.1,totaled

MXN$228.8billioninGDP,MXN$32.1billionintaxrevenues,andover200,000jobsacrossMexico’seconomy.

Asignificantmultipliereffectisassociatedwiththeactivity

oftheaudiovisualindustryinMexico.In2022,forevery

MXN$10millionofvaluecreateddirectlybyentitieswithin

theaudiovisualindustry,therewasanadditionaleconomic

contributiontoMexico’sGDPworthMXN$6.5million,implyingaGDPmultiplierof1.6.Similarly,foreveryindividualdirectly

workingwithinMexico’saudiovisualindustry,theindustry’s

activitiesandexpenditureadditionallysupported1.6workersacrosstherestofthedomesticeconomy,implyingan

employmentmultiplierof2.6.

TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

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200,000

Jobssupportedbytheaudiovisual

sectorInMexicoin2022.

Acrossthewholeaudiovisualindustry,theaveragedirect

outputcontributionperemployeestoodatMXN$3.5million

in2022.Thisimpliedproductivitycomparedfavorablytothe

widerMexicaneconomy,inwhichoutputperemployeestood

atMXN$1.3millionperworker.Theseresultsindicatethat

employeesintheaudiovisualindustryarenearlythreetimes

asproductiveastheaverageemployeeinMexico.

Fig.2:Totalcontributionofeachoftheaudiovisualindustry’s

sub-sectorstoMexico’seconomy

Film&TV

production&distribution

PayTV

Retail&reproduction

Free-to-airTV

VideoonDemand

GDPcontribution(MXN$,billions)

MXN$

45.7

96.9

29.0

38.5

12.6

Employment(headcount)

6.0

39,000

83,000

40,000

20,000

13,000

Taxcontribution(MXN$,billions)

11,000

6.4

13.6

4.1

5.4

1.8

0.8

Total

228.8

200,000

32.1

Source:OxfordEconomics

Totalsmaynotsumduetorounding.

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TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

ECONOMICIMPACTBYSEGMENT

Film&TVproduction&distribution

Atthecoreofacountry’sfilmandTV

industryistheproductionofmotionpicturesandTVprograms.In2022,thefilmandTV

productionanddistributionsectormadeadirectcontributiontoMexico’sGDPworthMXN$6.3billion,whilecreatingnearly4,500jobs,andsupportingMXN$0.9billionin

taxcontributions.Includingitsindirectandinducedimpacts,thesegmentcontributedMXN$12.6billioninGDP,MXN$1.8billionintaxes,andnearly13,000jobs.

Television

Oneofthemostsignificantcomponentsof

thetraditionaltelevisionindustryisfree-to-air(FTA)television.FTAtelevisionconsistsof

programmingdeliveredwithoutsubscriptionorusagecharges,usuallygeneratingrevenuefromadvertising.WeestimatethatFTATV’sdirectcontributiontoMexico’sGDPwas

MXN$57.6billionin2022.Inaddition,FTATVdirectlygeneratedMXN$8.0billionin

taxrevenuesandsupportedover23,000

jobs.Withadditionalimpactsfromsupplychainandconsumerspending,theimpactofthissub-sectortotalledMXN$96.9billioninGDP,83,000jobs,andMXN$13.6billionintaxreceipts.

Theothermajorsegmentofthetraditional

televisionindustryispayTV.Mexicois,byfar,

thelargestpayTVmarketinLatinAmerica,

accordingtoStatistaestimates,withmore

subscribersin2022thanBrazilandChile

combined.3ThepayTVsectoriscomprisedofsubscriptiontelevisionservicesandin2022,ourestimatesindicatethatthedirectcontributionofthepayTVindustryaddedMXN$27.2billioninvaluetoGDP.ThisdirectcontributioncreatedMXN$3.8billionintaxpaymentsandaround

11,000jobsacrossMexico.In2022,weestimatethat,includingallchannelsofimpact,thepay

TVindustrysupportedaMXN$45.7billionvalueaddedcontributiontoGDP,stimulatedsome

39,000jobs,andsupportedMXN$6.4billionintaxpayments.

Filmexhibition

Oneofthemaindriversofrevenues

supportingtheproductionofnewfilmcontentisthescreeningoffilmsincinemas.Mexicoisknowntohavethehighestconcentrationof

cinemasintheregion.4In2022,thissegment’sdirectcontributiontotalledMXN$18.2billion

inGDP,27,000jobs,andMXN$2.5billionintaxrevenues.Includingsupplychain

andwageeffects,thesegmentsupported

MXN$29.0billionofMexico’sGDP,40,000jobs,andaMXN$4.1billiontaxcontributiontothe

Mexicangovernment.

VOD

TheVideoonDemand(VOD)segmentreferstoprofessionalandcuratedonlinevideocontent,butexcludesuser-generatedplatformssuch

asYouTube.VODusesinternetnetworksto

delivercontentoutsideoftraditionalmethodssuchasmovietheatersandtelevisionnetworks,withcontentusuallyviewedthroughinternet

browsersandmobileapplications.Wefind

thatin2022,thesegmentdirectlycontributedanestimatedMXN$25.8billiontoMexico’s

GDP,employed4,300people,andgeneratedMXN$3.6billionintaxreceipts.Including

theindirectandinducedimpacts,thetotal

economicactivitywithinthesectorsupportedMXN$38.5billioninGDP,MXN$5.4billionin

taxes,andsome20,000jobs.

Retail&reproduction

Theretailandreproductionsegment

encompassescompanieswhosemainactivityistosellorrentDVDs,Blu-raydiscs,and

otherphysicalmediacontainingaudiovisual

4

3Statista,“

PayTVinMexico—statistics&facts

”andDigitalTVResearch,“MexicopayTVforecasts,”September2023edition.4IADB,“

BehindtheCamera:CreativityandInvestmentforLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean:LearningsfromConversations

withKeyPlayersintheAudiovisualSector

,”2021.

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TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

materialtoconsumers.Tocapturethedigitalportionoftheretailsegment,inthisreporttheindustryalsoincludesDownloadtoOwn(DTO)activities,aswellasdigitalrentalof

audiovisualproducts.

ADDITIONALIMPACTS

Asidefromthequantifiableimpactsby

sub-sectordescribedabove,theaudiovisual

sectorcontributestoMexico’seconomyand

cultureinmyriadotherways.Firstly,theAV

industrystimulatesandattractsforeigndirectinvestment(FDI),whichinturnprovides

capital,jobs,andadvancedtechnologies,

amongstotherbenefits.Recentstatistics

suggestthat,in2022,foreigndirectinvestmentinthefilmandvideoindustryinMexico

reachedMXN$463million.5Domesticpoliciesincentivizingforeigninvestmentfurther

facilitategrowthoftheindustrywithspillovereffectstothebroaderMexicaneconomy.

Policiessuchastherecentdecreepublished

inOctober2023,whichgrantstaxbenefits

toexport-orientedindustries,encourages

workforcedevelopmentandinvestmentinfixedassets.Themomentumoftherecentpublic

policiesintheaudiovisualindustrysignals

totheglobaleconomythatMexicoistruly

investedincementingitspositionintheglobalmarketplace,thoughmuchremainstobedone.

AnotherkeybenefitthatMexico’saudiovisual

industrybringstoitslocalresidentsandthe

broaderfilmcommunityisthesharingand

appreciationofMexico’srichhistoryand

culture.Theaudiovisualindustryhasbeen

strategicindrivingthecountry’sperception

andreputation.Localcontentemphasizing

MexicancultureandcustomsincludedinfilmssuchasSpectreandCocohasplayedatangibleroleinincreasingfilminducedtourism.TheDiaDeMuertosparade(featuredinSpectre)had

425,000spectatorsin2016,whichquicklygrewtoovertwomillioninthreeyears.Accordingtorecentfigures,in2019thefestivitiesattracted

In2022,some7,000peoplewereemployeddirectlybythesector,creatingadirectGDPofMXN$3.5billion.Intotal,thesegment

supportedMXN$6.0billiontoMexico’sGDP,11,000jobs,andMXN$0.8billionintaxes.

morethan7.5millioninternationaltourists,notjustfromthenearbyUS,butalsofromCanada,France,andChina.6Similarly,thesuccessof

filmCocowasalsoassociatedwithboostsinvisitorstothecountryasapublishedguideofdestinationsinspiredbythefilmwasfollowedbya425%increaseintouristsinMichoacan

(thestatewherethetourrouterunsthrough)from2018to2019.7

Filmfestivalsplayanotherkeyrolein

generatingeconomicactivitythrough

expenditurewithlocalsuppliers,wagespaid,

andtaxesraised.Thenumberoffilmfestivals

hasbeensteadilygrowingoverthelastdecadeinMexico;in2022,theMexicanFilmInstitute

(IMCINE)recorded234filmfestivalsandevents(4.5xtheamountof2010)spreadthroughoutmostMexicanstates.8IMCINEestimatesthat

attendancetofestivalsandeventsreached

10.5millionpeoplein2022,with5%ofthe

festivalshavingover250,000attendees.Whilethesectionaboutthefilmexhibitionsector

(whichincludesfilmfestivals)coversthe

economicimpactsofthesectortothebroadereconomy,therearewiderimpactsofthefilm

festivalindustrythatmaynotbecaptured

througheconomicstatistics.Mexicanfilm

festivalspromotedomesticcontent,broadcastittoawideraudience,andattractindustry

professionalsfromaroundtheworldtoMexico.Theyalsooftenhelpturnthespotlightonsmall,independent,andnewfilmmakers.Inaddition,filmfestivalsoffereducationalvaluetotheir

audiences,withstudiesshowingthatfestivalsandparalleltrainingactivitiesareidealspacestocomplementtheeducationalcurriculumatvariouslevels.9

5

GobiernodeMexico,“

FlujoanualdeIEDenIndustriaFílmicaydelVideo

,”2022.

6

Rühse,Viola,“

TravelinspiringskeletonsinSpectreandCoco

,”2021.

7

OlsbergSPI,“

AnAudiovisualProductionIncentiveforMexico

,”May2023.

8

IMCINE,“StatisticalYearbookofMexicanCinema,”2022.

9

Peirano,M.P.,&Vallejo,A.,“

IniciativasdeeducacióncinematográficaenlosfestivalesdecinedeIberoamérica

,”2021.

5

DIRECTGDPCONTRIBUTION*BYSEGMENT,2022

VideoonDemandFilm&TV

reproMXN$25.8bn;19%&

Filmexhibition

MXN$3.5bn;2%/MXN$6.3bn;4%

MXN$18.21MXi8.7.2bn;

Free-to-airTV

MXN$57.64

DIRECTEMPLOYMENT

CONTRIBUTION*BYSEGMENT,2022

VideoonDemand

4,300;6%-

4,500;6%

PayTV11,000;14%

Filmexhibition

27,000;35%

Film&TVproduction&distribution

Retail&reproduction7,300;9%

Free-to-airTV23,000;30%

77,000jobs

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TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

THEMEXICANAUDIOVISUALINDUSTRYIN2022:CREATINGJOBS,ECONOMIC

ACTIVITY,ANDATTRACTINGFDI

AUDIOVISUALSECTOREMPLOYMENT

DirectJobs

77,000

TotalJobssupportedin2022

200,000+

Foreveryindividual

directlyemployedin

Mexico’saudiovisual

industry,1.6additional

jobsaresupported

acrossthecountry

throughthesector’s

supply-chainand

wage-induced

spending.

THEINDUSTRYCONTRIBUTESSIGNIFICANTLYTOMEXICO’SOVERALLECONOMY

GDPCONTRIBUTION,*2022

DIRECT

INDIRECT

INDUCED

DirectcontributionWholeeconomycontribution

MXN$138.7bnMXN$228.8bn

MXN$138.7bnMXN$68.7bn

MXN$21.4bn

TAXREVENUECONTRIBUTION,*2022

DirectcontributionWholeeconomycontribution

MXN$19.2bnMXN$32.1bn

MXN$19.2bnMXN$9.8bn

*Totalsmaynotsumduetorounding.MXN$3.1bn

Theaudiovisual

industryinMexicohas

aGDPmultiplierof1.6.

Employeesintheaudiovisual

industrywerenearlythreetimesasproductiveas

theaverageemployeeinMexicoin2022.

3x

In2022foreigndirect

investmentinthefilmandvideo

industryinMexicoreached

MXN$463mn

7

TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

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TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

1.INTRODUCTION

Mexicoisofsignificantstrategicinterestasadestinationforglobalaudiovisual(AV)

producersandinvestors,withitsstrong

domesticproductionsectorandnotable

talent.Thecountrybenefitsfromarichfilm

historyandculture;sinceitscinemagolden

ageinthemid-20thcentury,it’sbeenchurningouttalent,mostvisiblyintheirAcademy

Award-winningdirectors,butalso,behind

thescenes,inthethousandsofexperienced

cameraoperators,productiondesigners,andlighttechniciansemployedinthesector.The

creativityandinnovationofallsegmentsoftheMexicanaudiovisualindustry—fromproductiontocontentexhibition—supportseconomic

activityandjobsthroughabroadrangeoflocalcompaniesandindustries.

SeveralcountriesinLatinAmericahaveidentifiedthecreativeindustriesasan

importantstrategicvehicletoassisteconomicdevelopment.Againstthisbackdrop,

theMotionPictureAssociation(MPA)

commissionedthisanalysistounderstand

thetrueeconomicvaluethattheaudiovisualindustrybringstoMexico.10

Thisstudyuses2022asthebaseyearforthe

impactanalysisasthiswasthelastyearwith

availabledata.Wealsopresentdirecteconomic

impactsin2023and2024drawingfrom

industrygrowthprojections.

Toassessthetotaleconomicimpactof

theaudiovisualindustry,wemeasuredthe

individualcontributionsofthefollowing

segments:i)theproductionanddistributionoffilmandTVcontent;ii)free-to-airTV;

iii)payTV;iv)theexhibitionoffilmsin

theaters;v)VideoonDemand(VOD);and

vi)retailandreproduction.Notably,thisisthefirsteconomicimpactassessmenttoincludedigitalmediaandVideoonDemandaspartoftheaudiovisualsectorinMexico.

Thestructureofthereportisasfollows:

chapter2reportsontheeconomicimpact

oftheaudiovisualindustryasawhole,whilechapter3offersasector-by-sectoranalysis.Chapter4providesadiscussiononthe

widerimpactsofMexico’sAVsector,andthetechnicalappendixisfoundinchapter5.

KEYDATASOURCES

OxfordEconomicscollectedextensivedataabouttheaudiovisualsectorfromMexico’sofficialnationalstatisticsagency—INEGI—andothersources.Ouruseofthesedatawasessential

toestimatingthetotalsizeandkeycharacteristicsofthesector,suchasgrossvalueaddedcontributiontoGDP,employeecompensation,andintermediateconsumption.

Inparticular,weusedthefollowingdatasources:

.2022PreliminaryINEGISystemofNationalAccounts,Goods&Services.Thedatabaseconstitutesthemostcomprehensive

sourceformanyeconomicandfinancialinformationincludingproduction,paidjobs,employeecompensation,and

intermediateconsumption.

.2019EconomicCensusdatareferencing2018

economicactivitybydetailedindustrylevel.

.Severalproprietaryreportsanddata

sources,includingIBISWorld’sWired

TelecommunicationsCarriersinMexicoreport

andDigitalTVResearch’sMexicoOTT&

PayTVForecastsreport.

10ThisstudyconstitutesamorecomprehensiveassessmentoftheMexicanAVindustrycomparedwithIDBandNetflix,8

“TheEconomicImpactoftheScreenIndustriesinLatinAmerica

,”2023.

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TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

9

AcompanyemploysstafandgeneratesGDPandtaxfortheauthorities.

)(

MXN$

INDUCED

IMPACT

Italsospendsmoneywithsupplierswhoemploystaf,generateGDP,andpay

taxes.Theyuseothersuppliersinturn.

HOWWEARRIVEDATTHESEFIGURES

OxfordEconomicswascommissionedbythe

MPAtoassesstheeconomiccontributionof

theaudiovisualindustryinMexico.Thissectionoutlineshowtheseestimateswereproduced.

Forfurtherdetails,pleaserefertotheAppendix.

Directeconomiccontribution

TheGDP,employment,andtaxcontributionsduetotheactivitiesofbusinessesinthe

audiovisualindustrythemselvesarereferredtoasdirecteconomiccontributions.

Thedirectactivitiesoftheaudiovisual

industrieswereprimarilyassessedbasedon

officialdatapublishedbytheINEGI.Details

onalldatasourcescanbefoundinthe“Key

DataSources”boxabove,aswellasinthe

technicalappendix.Thesedatawereusedtoestimatethedirectgrossoutput(i.e.,revenue),employment,directGDP,andtaxation.

Additionaleconomiccontributions

Thetotaleconomiccontributionofthe

audiovisualindustrytotheMexicaneconomyalsoincludestwofurtherchannelsofeconomiccontribution.

Theindirectcontributionincludesthe

GDP,employment,andtaxcontributions

ofcompaniesinthesupplychainsofthe

audiovisualindustry.TheinducedcontributionconsidersthevaluegeneratedasemployeesoftheAVindustryanditssupplychainspendtheirearningsdomestically.

Theseimpactsarequantifiedusingan

economicimpactmodel,basedonofficial2018MexicoInput-Outputtables,whichprovidedataonthepatternofpurchasesforindustrysectorsandhouseholdsin

theeconomy.

DIRECT

IMPACT

+

INDIRECTIMPACT

+

TOTAL

IMPACT

Employees(includingofthesuppliers)spendtheirwagesinthewidereconomy,generatingmoreGDP,jobs,andtaxrevenues.

)(

MXN$

Addedtogether,thesethreeefects—direct,

indirect,induced—comprisethetotaleconomicimpactofthecompanyorsector.

TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

19.2

228.8

21.4

68.7

138.7

32.1

250

200

150

100

50

0

9.8

3.1

2.TOTALECONOMICIMPACT

DIOVISUAL

Thetotaleconomic

contributionoftheaudiovisualindustryisexpressedinthis

reportintermsofitsimpact

onGrossDomesticProduct

(GDP)—thestandardmeasureofacountry’seconomic

output—employment,and

taxrevenues.Theseimpacts

occurinthreetiers.Thefirst

tierismadeupbythe“direct”operationsofbusinesses

withintheaudiovisualindustryinMexico.Thesecondoccursthroughthe“indirect”supplychainspendingofthose

operations.Andthethird

occursthroughthewage

expenditurethatis“induced”

fromtheearningsofthose

employedintheindustry,andinitssupplychain.

Weestimatethat,intotal,

theaudiovisualindustry

supportedover200,000

jobsin2022andcontributedoverMXN$228.8billionto

Mexico’sGDP.Theindustrywasresponsibleforsupportinga

combinedtotaltaxcontributionworthMXN$32.1billionin

2022.Thedisaggregated

contributionacrossthethreechannelsofimpactisdisplayedinFig.3,andexplainedinmoredetailbelow.

2.1THEIMPACTONMEXICO’SGDP

In2022,thedirectoperationsofbusinesseswithinthe

audiovisualindustryitself

accountedformorethan

60%oftheindustry’stotal

contributiontoMexico’sGDP

andwereworthnearly

MXN$138.7billion(Fig.3).Theaudiovisualsectordirectly

createsmoreGDPinMexicothanthatgeneratedbythe

manufacturingofcomputers.11

Fig.3:EconomiccontributionofMexico’sAVindustry,2022

DirectIndirectInduced

MXN$,billions

250

200

150

100

50

0

GDP(MXN$bn)Tax(MXN$bn)

Jobs,thousands

200

31

96

77

Employment(jobs000s)

Source:OxfordEconomics

Totalsmaynotsumduetorounding.

11InstitutoNacionaldeEstadísticayGeografía(INEGI),SistemadeCuentasNacionalesdeMéxico.Cuentadebienesy10servicios(CBS).2022(preliminary).

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TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

11

Thetotaleconomic

contributionoftheaudiovisualindustryinMexicois

muchwiderthanitsdirect

operations.Thiswiderimpactmanifestsitselfthroughthe

industry’sindirectsupplychainspending,whichsupportedaMXN$68.7billioncontributiontoMexico’sGDPin2022,andit

extendsevenfurtherthroughtheinducedexpenditure

ofthoseemployedinthe

audiovisualindustryand

itssupplychain,which

contributedMXN$21.4billiontotheeconomyinthatyear.

Asignificantmultipliereffectisassociatedwiththeactivity

oftheaudiovisualindustry

inMexico.In2022,forevery

MXN$10millionofvalue

createddirectlybyentities

withintheaudiovisualindustry,therewasanadditional

economiccontribution

toMexico’sGDPworth

MXN$6.5million,implyingaGDPmultiplierof1.6.

2.2THEIMPACTONMEXICO’SEMPLOYMENT

TheMexicanaudiovisual

supportedthroughthis

withinMexico’saudiovisual

industrydirectlyemployed

indirectchannel,witha

industry,theindustry’s

over77,000peoplein2022.

further31,000employed

activitiesandexpenditure

However,thelargestportion

throughtheinducedeffect

additionallysupported

oftheindustry’soverall

ofwageexpenditure.

1.6workersacrosstherest

employmentfootprint

ofthedomesticeconomy,

camefromitssupplychain.

Thismeansthatforevery

implyinganemployment

Over96,000jobswere

individualdirectlyworking

multiplierof2.6.

2.3THEPRODUCTIVITYOFAUDIOVISUALWORKERS

Acrossthewholeofthe

audiovisualindustry,the

averagedirectoutput

contributionperemployeestoodatMXN$3.5millionin2022(Fig.4).Thisimpliedproductivitycompared

favorablytothewider

Mexicaneconomy,inwhich

outputperemployeestoodatMXN$1.3millionperworker.

Theseresultsindicatethat

employeesintheaudiovisualindustryarenearlythreetimesasproductiveastheaverageemployeeinMexico.

ProductivityishighestintheVideoonDemandindustry,

averagingMXN$10.6million

outputperworker.Intheretailandreproductionindustry,

averageproductivitywas

MXN$1.0millionin2022,thelowestinthesector.

Interestingly,productivity

varieswidelyevenacross

impactchannels.Asdiscussed,directproductivitystood

atMXN$3.5millionoutputperworker,whileindirectandinducedproductivities

wereMXN$1.2millionand

MXN$1.1millionperemployee,respectively.Thisisinline

withexpectations,asindirectproductivityreflectsthe

supplychainofthesectorandmirrorsthestateoftheMexicaneconomymore

broadly,whileinduced

productivityreflectsthe

consumereconomy,whichtendstodisplayhigher

laborintensityandhencelowerproductivity.

TheeconomiccontributionofMexico’saudiovisualindustryin2022

3.5

Fig.4:Outputperworkeracrossaudiovisualsegments

Outputperworker,MXN$

12,000,000

10,000,000

8,000,000

6,000,000

4,000,000

2,000,000

0

Source:OxfordEconomics

10.6mn

4.9mn

mn

2.7mn

1.3mn

1.3mn

1.0mn

VideoonDemand

Television

Audiovis