Module9PopulationUnit2FromParkvilletoArnwick:Problemsandsolutionsblueskyfreshairgreenhillsclearwaterlowhousestalltreeshappybirdsquietvillagesnotconvenient…millionsofpeoplebusystreetsheavytraffictallbulidingscrowdedpollution(rubbish/noise)goodpublicservice(education,hospital...Lookatthepicture,whatcanyouthinkof?countrysidecityWhydopeoplemovetocities?Tofindjobstomakemoney.Togetabettereducationforstudents.Togetabettermedicaltreatment.Toenjoybetterpublicservice.Peoplewanttoliveincities,becausetheywantto…Thepopulationofcitiesincreased.Whatarethedisadvantage

ofbigcities？

traffic

noise

rubbishpeoplepublicservice

pollutionLet’strytouse“Thereare/is…”+“toomany/toomuch…”heavytrafficcrowdedrubbishpollutionPara.1A.TheoldParkville.Para.2B.Whatthegovenmentdo.Para.3C.ThechangesinParkville.Para.4D.Thelessonwegotfromthestory.Para.5E.TheproblemsinParkville.Readthepassagequickly,thenmatchtheparagraphwiththemainideas.Readingtip:1.Findthekeywords.2.Findthemainideafromthefirstorthelastsentenceofeachparagraph.

fastreadingScanningWhatWhataretheproblemsinArnwick?010203Itis_________,and__________isalsoaproblerm

The_________isalways______,nottomentionthe

.__________________________.________________problem___________problemEnvironmentalEducationLocalschool______________fiveyears;Ittakes_________togettothenearestschoolinArnwick.___________problemhealthNotenough_________.closed

downanhourhospitalscrowdedrubbishtrafficairpollutionbadThinkingWhydoesArnwickhavesomanyproblems?BecausethepopulationofArnwickbecameevenlarger.therearetoomanypeopleandtheylackofasenseofprotectingenvironment……WhatWhyThinkingIfyouwereJo,howwouldyoufeel?Whodoyouthinkshouldsolvetheproblems?Maybeangry,worriedandsoon.Doestheproblemsneedtobesolved?Why?Thisistheplacewelive.Agoodcityenvironmentisprettyimportantforus.while-readingHowtosolveArnwick’sproblems?WhatWhyHowThegovernmentis_________________1.Therewillbe__________,sopupilswon’tneedto_________________.2.Thegovernmentis___________________________________.3.Therewillalsobe__________________to___________________theincreasingpopulation.makinggreateffortmoreschooltravelfarreducingairpollutionmorelocalschoolsmeettheneedsofThegovernmentis/peoplearemakingagreatefforttosolvetheproblems.Therewillbemore....IsParkvillearealplace?2.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?()No,itisjustastory.A.Populationincreaseisabigprobleminbigcities.B.Itcausesalotofproblems,suchaspolution、rubbish、trafic...C.Weshouldprotectourcity.D.A、BandC.D

Readparagraph5andanswerthequestions.FromParkvilletoArnwick:problemsandsolutions

JoisfifteenandlivesinParkville.WhenJo’sgrandparentsfirstcametoParkville,itwasaquietvillage.Theyhadasmallhouse,closetofieldsandhills.

quiet/'kwa??t/adj.寂靜的；安靜的(1)副詞：quietly(2)短語：be/keepquiet(3)比較級：quieter最高級：quietestItisnecessaryto

inlibrariesandconcerts.Thefathersaidnothing,andhejuststoodthere.

quietly.keepquietcloseto靠近...

作狀語

ParkvillewasnearArnwick,acitywithapopulationof10,000,000.PeoplefromParkvillemovedtoArnwicktofind

jobs.However,itwasexpensivetoliveinthecitycentre,sothegovernmentbuiltflatsoutsidethecentre.Soon,ParkvillebecamepartofArnwick,andthepopulationofArnwickbecameeven

larger.Itisverycrowded,andrubbishisalsoaproblem.

人口眾多withapopulationof....擁有...人口Sanyaisabeautifulcitywithapopulationof1million10,000,000

寫作：________________Onefifthofthestudents________glasses.（wear）Threefourthsoftheland______coveredwithtreesandgrass.(be)tenmillionwearis分數+名詞作主語，謂語單復數由名詞決定becomelarger變得更多，even作副詞修飾largerItisadjtodo...做...是adj的。becomepartof...成為...的一部分Joelivesinoneofthoseflats.Butforher,goingtoschoolisaproblem.ThesmalllocalschoolinParkvillecloseddownfiveyearsago,andgettingtothenearestschoolinArnwicktakesheranhourbybus.Thetrafficisalwaysbad,nottomentiontheairpollution.oneof名詞復數：...之一local/'l??kl/adj.當地的；本地的local還可用作可數名詞，意為“當地人，本地人”，復數形式為locals。e.g.Thelocalgovernmentshoulddosomethingtohelptheoldpeople.Oneofthe

showedmethewaytothepostoffice.localsclosedown(永久)關閉，關停e.g.Thecompanycloseddownitsoverseasofficethreemonthsago.這個商店下周就要關閉了。

Thestorewillclosedownnextweek.gettingtothenearestschoolinArnwicktakesheranhourbybus.Doingsthtakes+某人+時間：

做某事花費某人多少時間。=Ittakes某人+時間todosth.IttakesheranhourtogettothenearestschoolinArnwick.=Thetrafficisalwaysbad,nottomentiontheairpollution.pollution/p?'lu??n/n.污染，是不可數名詞,減少污染reducepollutione.g.Thevillagershadtomoveawaybecauseoftheseriouspollution.空氣/水/噪音污染air/water/noisepollutionpollutev.污染pollutedadj.受污染的

nottomention更不要提及,更不必說e.g.Hehastwobighousesinthehomeown,nottomentionhisvillainSanya.Luckily,thegovernmentismakingagreatefforttosolveArnwick’sproblemswithbetterpublicservices.Therewillbemoreschools,sopupilswon’tneedtotravelfar.Thegovernmentisreducingairpollutionfromtraffic.Therewillalsobemorelocalhospitalstomeettheneedsoftheincreasingpopulation.

盡最大努力將會有...makeanefforttodo=makea(great)efforttodomakeeffortstodoe.g.Thelocalcompaniesaremakinganefforttoattractmoreyoungpeoplestayathome.Luckily,thegovernmentismakingagreatefforttosolveArnwick'sproblemswithbetterpublicservicessolve/'s?lv/v.解決問題e.g.There’snosimplesolutiontothisproblem.YuanLongping

thefoodproblemsinChina.你有更好的解決辦法嗎？Doyouhavea

?solve作動詞時，常與problem連用。它的名詞是solution，意為“解決辦法”。solvedabettersolutionTherewillalsobemorelocalhospitalstomeettheneedsoftheincreasingpopulation.Therewillbe將會有...明天將會有一場英語測試。TherewillbeanEnglishtesttommorrow.meettheneedsof滿足...需求e.g.Howcanwemeettheneedsofallthedifferentgroups.滿足寶寶的需求是很重要的。Itisimportanttomeettheneedsofbaby.ThestoryofArnwickisjustastory,butitdescribeswhatishappeningintherealworld.Withpopulationsrising,citiesshouldtrytocreatamore

enjoyable,comfortableandconvenientlivingenvironment.Asastudent,whatshouldwedotocreatagoodenvironment?With復合結構：

隨著...Joelivesinoneofthoseflats.Butforher,goingtoschoolisaproblem.ThesmalllocalschoolinParkvillecloseddownfiveyearsago,andgettingtothenearestschoolinArnwicktakesheranhourbybus.Thetrafficisalwaysbad,nottomentiontheairpollution.goingtoschoolis

problemIttakesher______hourbybus.______smalllocalschoolcloseddown.

a

an

The

冠詞三兄弟冠詞是限定詞的一種，不能單獨使用，常用于修飾名詞。冠詞有兩種：不定冠詞a/an,定冠詞the。在英語中還有不使用冠詞的情況，也稱為零冠詞。

1.不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞用來修飾可數名詞單數，指人或物中的某一個或某一類，但不具體說明是何人何物。(1)表示“一個”的概念，但數的概念不如one強烈。Populationisabigproblemforcities.人口對于城市來說是一個大問題。(2)表示一類事物。Ahorseisausefulanimal.馬是一種有用的動物。(3)表示“每一”的概念，相當于every。IwatchTVonceaweek.我每周看一次電視。(4)首次提到某人或某物時，不定冠詞起介紹作用。Astudentwantstoaskyousomequestions.一個學生想問你一些問題。(5)某些固定短語中，要用不定冠詞。haveagoodtime玩得愉快；havealook看一看havearest休息-下注意an后面接讀音以元音音素開頭的單詞；a后面接讀音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。2定冠詞的用法(1)指上文提到過的人或物。Ihaveadog.Thedogisblack.我有一只狗。這只狗是黑色的。(2)特指某人或某物。Thegirlwithlonghairismyyoungersister.這個留長發的女孩是我的妹妹。(3)指說話雙方都知道的人或物。Openthewindow,please.請打開窗戶。(4)用于江河、海洋、山脈等地理名詞前及由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前。theNile尼羅河theGreatWall長城(5)用于世界上獨一無二的事物前。thesun太陽themoon月亮（6)用于姓氏復數形式之前，表示“…一家人”或“…夫婦二人”。

theSmiths史密斯一家人/史密斯夫婦(7)用于表示方位的名詞前。GuangzhouisinthesouthofChina.廣州位于中國的南部。(8)用于形容詞最高級前。thebiggestcity最大的城市(9)用于序數詞前。thefirstboy第一個男孩(10)用于樂器名詞前。playthepiano彈鋼琴;playtheguitar吉他(11)某些形容詞前加定冠詞the,表示一類人或物。theyoung年輕人theold老人(12)用于某些固定短語中。inthemorning在早上

thedayaftertomorrow后天(1)在三餐、棋類、球類活動、學科名稱前以及季節、月份、星期、日期、節日等名詞前不用冠詞。Tomcanplayvolleyball.湯姆會打排球。(2)名詞前有物主代詞及this/that,these/those,some,many,both等作定語時，名詞前不用冠詞。Therearemanybooksinherschoolbag.她的書包里有許多書。(3)在某些固定短語或習慣用語中不用冠詞。bybus乘公共汽車athome在家atnight在夜(4)專有名詞和不可數名詞前一般不用冠詞。BeijingisthecapitalofChina北京是中國的首都。注意在某些短語中，名詞前用冠詞和不用冠詞的意義有所不同。inhospital(生病)住院inthehospital在醫院（工作或參觀等）attable在吃飯atthetable在桌子旁inclass在上課intheclass在班里3.零冠詞的用法

單項選擇。1.

I

read

____story.

It

is

______interesting

story.

A.

a,

an

B.

a,

a

C.

the,

the

D.

the,

an

2.

Britain

is

__

European

country

and

China

is___

Asian

country.

A.

an,

an

B.

a,

a

C.

a,

an

D.

an,

a

3.

______China

is

_____

old

country

with

_____

long

history.

A.

The,

an,

a

B.

The,

a,

a

C.

/,

an,

the

D.

/,

an,

a

AAD4.

Shut

_____door,

please.

A.

a

B.

an

C.

the

D./

5.

Einstein

won

_____

Nobel

Prize

in

Physics

in

1921.

A.

a

B.

an

C.

the

D.

/

6.

What

____

fine

day

it

is

today!

Let's

go

to

the

Summer

Palace.

A.

a

B.

an

C.

the

D.

/

7.

There

is

____

picture

on

____

wall.

I

like

___picture

very

much.

A.

a,

the,

the

B.

a,

the,

a

C.

the,

a,

a

D.

a,

an,

the

8.

January

is

______first

month

of

the

year.

A.

a

B.

/

C.

an

D.

the

CCAAD中考鏈接—Becareful!Thereis____doglyingontheground.—Thanksalot.A.aB.anC.theD./2.Thereisnolivingthingon______moon.A.theB.aC.不填3.Billlikesplaying_____basketball,buthedoesn’tlikeplaying_____piano.A.the,theB./,theC.the,/AAB4

Completethepassagewiththecorrectform.

ManytownsandcitiesaroundtheworldhavethesameproblemsasArnwick.Whenpeoplecomefromvillages,theneedplacestolive,so(1)_________governmentshavetobuildmore(2)________.Theyneedbetterpublic(3)_________.Forexample,theyneedmoreschoolsand(4)__________.Governmentsalsohavetomakemoreeffortstoreduce(5)_________intownsandcities.localflatsflathospitallocalpollutionserviceserviceshospitalspollution詞義詞性詞形retellthepassage.Peoplemovefrom___________to__________to___________Population:___________Problems__________________________________________________________________Solutions_____________________

_____________________

_____________________crowded,rubbishbadtraffic,airpollutiongotoschoolfarbuildflats,reducepollutionlow-carbontravelmoreschoolsandhospitalCreatamoreenjoyable,comfortableandconvenientlivingenvironment.合作ParkvilleArnwickfindjobsevenlargerFindouttheEnglishphrasesaccordingtotheChinesemeaning.1.一個安靜的村子2.離...很近3.一個有著一千萬人口的城市4.找工作5.住在城市中心6....的一部分7.當地的小學校8.關閉9.5年前10.到達最近的學校11.乘公交要花費一個小時12.更不用提空氣污染了13.做出巨大努力14.解決問題15.更好的公共服務16.減少由交通造成的空氣污染17.滿足人口不斷增長的需求18.在真實的世界19.努力創造20.一個更加愜意、舒適、便捷的居住環境1.一個安靜的村子2.離...很近3.一個有著一千萬人口的城市4.找工作5.住在城市中心6....的一部分7.當地的小學校8.關閉9.5年前10.到達最近的學校1.aquietvillage2.closeto3.acitywithapopulationof10million4.findjobs5.liveinthecitycenter6.partof7.thesmalllocalschool8.closedown9.fiveyearsago10.gettothenearestschool11.乘公交要花費一個小時12.更不用提空氣污染了13.做出巨大努力14.解決問題15.更好的公共服務16.減少由交通造成的空氣污染17.滿足人口不斷增長的需求18.在真實的世界19.努力創造20.一個