Unit1ScienceandScientistsReadingforwriting

Whatmakesgreatscientists?DrawaconclusionTheyall...madeagreatcontribution.madegreatachievements.succeededintheirscientificcareer.overcomemanydifficulties.Leadin

Areyoufamiliarwiththepeopleinthepicturebelow?QianXuesenStephenHawkingTheyarethegreatestscientistsindifferentfileds.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthem？1911:_____________inHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince1934：graduatedfrom__________________________PH.Ddegree：___________andmathematicsOccupation:_________andresearcher1955:__________China1956:____________thefirstresearchinstituteofrocketsansmissilesTitle(頭銜):Fatherof______________October31,2009:_______________Famoussaying：____________isinChina;_____________isinChina;_____________isinChina.WatchthevideoandlearnaboutQianXuesen.returnedtoChina’sMissilesaerospaceteacherBorninShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitysetuppassedawayMycareerMysuccessMydestinationPatrioticThefatherofChina’sAerospacePassage1Task1

Readthepassage1carefullyandputthefollowingsentencesinorder.A.QianXuesenreturnedtoChina.B.Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstman-madesatellite.C.QianXuesenswitchedhismajortoaviation.D.QianXuesenattendedShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.E.ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmisslesandLongMarchrockets.F.QianXuesen,togetherwithotherpeople,foundedtheJetPropulsionLaboratory.DCFAEBTask2Reading1.WhatcausedQianXuesentoswitchhismajor?A.Theoutbreakofabattle.B.Thesuggestionofhisparents.C.Thepromisingfutureofaviation.D.ThelossofinterestinRailwayMechanicalEngineering.2.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThehistoryofChina’saerospace.B.WhatmadeQianXuesenoutstanding.C.TheachievementsChinamadeinaerospace.D.QianXuesen’scontributionstoChina’saerospace.3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeQianXuesen?A.HumorousanddevotedB.Patrioticandknowledgeable.C.Stong-willedandcautiousD.Outstandingandproud.AWorldofPureThoughtPassage2StephenHawking(1942-2018)physicist/mathematicianfamousscientistknownforhistheoryaboutblackholesandbigbangs:ABriefHistoryofTimeQ：HowwasHawking’sowntheoryprovencorrect??Lookatthepicturesandthetitlesofthetexts.Canyoupredict:PredictionPara1.

StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand

gifted

scientistsinphysics.Mostpeoplearefamiliarwith

images

ofhiminhiswheelchair,unabletomoveandusingacomputertotalk.

Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhismuscles,hisworldbecameoneofabstract

thought.

Hawkingfirstachievedfamewhenhewasstillhealthyenoughtowalk,asagraduatestudentinphysicsatCambridgeUniversityin1964.Ingeneral,thereweretwomaintheoriesontheoriginoftheuniverse.Thefirstwasthesteadystatetheory穩恒態理論,whichholdsthattheuniversehasnobeginningorend.Theotherwasthebigbangtheory,whichholdsthattheuniversebeganatasinglepointintimeandspace.ThebiggestchampionofthesteadystateconceptwasFredHoyle,aprofessoratCambridge.DuringthequestionandanswerperiodafteroneofHoyle’slectures,HawkingstoodupandpointedoutthatHoylehadmadeamistakeinhismaths.Oncethemathswascorrected,itshowedthatthebigbangtheory—andnotthesteadystatetheoryswastrue.Hawking’sownworkonthebigbangtheorywassoonprovenbyastronomerswithtelescopes.Astarwasborn.Para2.1.Whatarethetwotheoriesontheoriginoftheuniverse?2.HowwasHawking’sowntheoryprovencorrect?So,WhatmadeStephenHawkingagenius?Besidesbeingbrilliant,hewasbrave,thoughsometimescarelessinwhathesaidordid.Hewaswillingtosaywhatotherswereafraidtosay,andtodreamofwhatotherswereafraidtodreamabout.Furthermore,hewasquitedetermined.Thishadhelpedhimasascientist,andhadhelpedhimevenmoreinhis?ghtagainsthisdisease.Aboveall,Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults.Thisoddcombinationofcharacteristicshadmadehimoneofthegreatestthinkersofthe20thand21stcenturies.Q.WhatqualitiesdidHawkinghave?

Para3.AworldofpurethoughtPara.1

Para.2Para.3 qualtitiesBriefintroductionHisstoryhisgiftandimage2theoriesontheoriginoftheuniverseSteadystatetheoryBigbanthoryquestioningspirit/courageousbrilliant,bravedeterminedfrankTask1.Qianchangedhismajorbecauseofashiftinpersonalinterest.（）2.Qian’sstronginterestinarthasapositiveimpactonascientist’sdevelopment.（）FTHisdeepappreciationforartoftengavehiminspirationinhisscientificresearch.ReaditquicklyanddecideifthestatementsareTorF.3.WhenHawkingwasyoung,almosteveryonebelievedthattheuniversebeganwithabigbang.4.BecauseHawkingwasdetermined,hewasabletosucceedeventhoughhewasill.FTUnderline

thelinkingwordsandphrasesinthepassages,anddescribetheirfunction.P93表示轉折表示原因表示遞進表示轉折表示原因表示轉折表示解釋說明銜接詞語(linkingwords)是語篇銜接的紐帶,表達的邏輯意義包括時間關系、空間關系、列舉和順序、例證、遞進、對比和轉折、等同和替換、過渡和總結、結果和推論等,其中多數是銜接性狀語。表示強調表示時間表示轉折表示總結表示結果表示承接表示承接ImportantlanguagepointsThefatherofChina’sAerospacePassage1PerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChina’saerospacesciencethanQianXuesen.DescribedbytheauthorsoftheStoryofQianXuesenasamanwith"greatscientificthoughtandscientificspirit"whowaspatrioticandservedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,Qianwasanextremelywell-respectedman.haveagreateffecton對....有巨大影響haveagreatinfluenceon對...有很大的影響Para1BorninHangzhouin1911,QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailwayMechanicalEngineering.However，aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeout

in1932，QianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry.(2)defencen.

防御;保衛breakdown出故障;失敗;垮掉;分解breakup 打碎;分裂;解體Para2However，aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932，QianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectand

defend

thecountry.1.breakout爆發；突然開始【break其他短語】breakdownbreakupbreakinbreakintobreakoffbreakthroughbreakawayfrom2.defendvt.保衛；防守；辯解【拓展】defend..._________...保護...免受...

defendsb______________

___________n.防御；保護；保衛

___________保衛；

為...辯護against為某人辯護defenceindefenceof[即學即練]單句語法填空1.Theydidn’tgivehimachance________(defend)himself.2.Thewallwasbuiltasa_________(defend)againsttheenemyattacks.3.Exercisecandefendpeople_______illness.完成句子4.不要再為他辯解了。很顯然他是故意弄壞了花園的柵欄，甚至都不道歉。Don’t___________anymore.It’sobviousthathedeliberateltdestroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapology.5.我們所有的警察都接受過自衛訓練，能夠對付持刀襲擊。Allourpolicemenaretrainedto_____________________knifeattacks.6.我得為她說句話，她對此事一無所知。Ihavetosay_________________________thatsheknewnothingaboutit.todefenddefenceagainstdefendhimdefendourselvesagainstindefenceofher用所給詞組的適當形式完成句子（可重復使用）7.Themeetingdidn’t___________untilnoon.8.Abigfire___________inthetownlastnight.9.Don’t_____________whileothersarespeaking.10.Aftertenyearsofhardwork,hishealth____________.11.Wehopeto_____________sooninthefightagainstAIDS.12.Ahousewas___________betweenmidnightand4a.m.13.ThenthecarIwasin____________,soIhadtowalkhome.14.Thetwocountries___________theirdiplomaticrelationsbecauseofthewar.breakupbrokeoutbreakinbreakingdownbreakthroughbrokenintobrokedownbrokeoffQianwenttotheUnitedStatesin1935topursuehisgraduate

studies.Overthecourseofthe1930sand1940s,QianbecameapioneerinAmericanjetandrockettechnology.AsagraduateassistantattheCaliforniainstituteofTechnologyduringthe1930s,Qianhelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion,andinthe1940s,heandseveralotherpeoplefoundedtheJetPropulsionLaboratory,nowoneofNASA'Sleadingspace-explorationcentres.攻讀研究生Para3AfterovercomingsomedifficultiesduringhisfinalfewyearsintheUSQianreturnedtoChinain1955.Hereceivedahero’swelcomefromhishomelandandwasputinchargeofnotonly

developingChina’srocketsciencebutalso

itsspaceandmissileprogramme.Atthattime,Chinawaspooranditsrocketsciencewasundeveloped.NoinstituteoruniversityinChinaofferedrocketscienceasamajor,andtherewerenotalentsorexpertsinthisfieldinChina.Nevertheless,Qiandidnotletthatdiscouragehimfromtakingonthechallenge.Whenasked"CanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles?”hisreplywasadetermined"Whynot?WeChineseareabletomakethesamethingsthatotherpeoplemake.”(1)takechargeof掌管/負責……inthechargeof 受……的管理;由……負責adv.然而；盡管如此；不過；仍然conj.然而；盡管如此discouragesbfromdoing

勸阻某人不要做某事;阻止某人做某事;打消某人做某事的念頭Para4chargev要價；收費；指控；職責;充電charge...for...charge...withcharge...upchargen.責任，掌管；

指控，指責；

要價，收費inchargeofinthechargeoftakechargeoffreeofcharge就...向...收費因...控告/指責...負責；掌管由...負責/掌管掌管/負責...免費(給...)充電[即學即練]單句語法填空1.Theyleftmeincharge____thechildrenforaweek.2.Iamleavingtheschool_____yourcharge.3.Howmuchdidtheycharge_____therepairs?4.Hewascharged______theft.完成句子5.他父親去世后他掌管了農場。He_________________thefarmafterhisfatherdied.6.他給我理發，收費10元。He___________10yuan_____thehaircut.同義句轉換7.Heisinchrgeofthenewspaper’sadvertismentsection.Thenewspaper’sadvertisementsection____________________.Thenewspaper’sadvertisementsection________________.ofinforwithtookchargeofisinthechargeofhimchargedmeforisinhischargeUnderQian’sleadership,ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmissiles,followedbythefirstgenerationofLongMarchrockets.In1970,Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstman-madesatellite,DongFangHongI,fromaLongMarchrocket.BecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhourocketscanalsobetracedbacktoQian'sresearch,Qianearnedthenameof"thefatherofChinasaerospace.”undersb.’sleadership在某人的帶領下 tracebackto追溯到…… trace...to...追查……到……Para5WhywasQiancalled“thefatherofChina’saerospace”?BecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhourocketscanalsobetracedbacktoQian'sresearch,Qianearnedthenameof"thefatherofChinasaerospace.”tracev.追溯；追蹤；查出n.痕跡；遺跡；蹤跡【拓展】

tracesth(back)to

disappearwithout(a)trace【即學即用】完成句子1.警方正在設法追蹤一輛白色卡車。Thepolicearetryingto____________________.2.警方搜索了那一地區，但未發現越獄逃犯的任何蹤跡。Policesearchedthatareabutfound______________theescapedprisoners.

追溯到消失得無影無蹤traceawhitetrucknotraceofQianreadalotandwasextremelyknowledgeable,especiallyintheareaoffrontierscienceresearch.However,whatmighthavemadehimsuchanoutstandingandcreativescientistwasprobablyhisstronginterestinotherthings,suchasmusicanddrawing.Hisdeepappreciationforartoftengavehiminspirationinhisscientificresearch.Para6have/hasstronginterestin...對…有濃厚的興趣。。。仿寫7:被譽為“雜交水稻之父”的袁隆平熱愛運動,喜歡游泳和排球。YuanLongpingwhoisknownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”

hasastronginterestinsports,suchasswmmingandplayingvolleyball.However,whatmighthavemadehimsuchan

outstanding

andcreativescientistwasprobablyhisstronginterestinotherthings,suchasmusicanddrawing.Hisdeepappreciationforartoftengavehiminspirationinhisscientificresearch.outstandingadj.優秀的；杰出的；明顯的【拓展】

standout

standfor【即學即用】同義句轉換1.TwothingswereoutstandinginthecreationoftheEnglishsystemofcanals.Twothings______________inthecreationoftheEnglishsystemofcanals.完成句子2.如果有機會，約翰也許已成為一位杰出的畫家了。Giventhechance,Johnmighthavebecme______________________.3.面對危險，他展示出了非凡的勇氣。Facedwithdanger,heshowed____________________.

象征；代表突出；顯眼anoutstandingpainteroutstandingcouragestoodout

On31October2009,thewholecountrywassaddenedbyQian'sdeath,andpeoplehonouredandrememberedhimindifferentways.

Para7On22May2021,thewholecountrywassaddenedbyYuan’sdeath.Death:仿寫8：2021年5月22日，袁隆平逝世。on+具體時間,sb.passedaway.on+具體時間,thewholecountrywassaddenedbyQian’sdeath...AWorldofPureThoughtPassage2

StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand

gifted

scientistsinphysics.giftedadj.有天賦的；有天才的；天資聰慧的【拓展】________

n