力學專業英語詞匯翻譯

牛頓力學Newtonianmechanics

典型力學classicalmechanics

工程力學engineeringmechanics固體力學solidmechanics普通力學generalmechanics

應用力學appliedmechanics流體力學fluidmechanics

理論力學theoreticalmechanics靜力學statics

運動學kinematics

動力學dynamics材料力學materialsmechanics構造力學structuralmechanics

實驗力學experimentalmechanics

計算力學computationalmechanics

力force

作用點pointofaction

作用線lineofaction

力系systemofforces

力系的簡化reductionofforcesystem

等效力系equivalentforcesystem

剛體rigidbody

力的可傳性transmissibilityofforce

平行四邊形定則parallelogramrule

力三角形forcetriangle

力多邊形forcepolygon

零力系null-forcesystem

平衡equilibrium

力的平衡equilibriumofforces

平衡條件equilibriumcondition

平衡位置equilibriumposition

平衡態equilibriumstate

分析力學analyticalmechanics

拉格朗日乘子Lagrangemultiplier

拉格朗日[量]Lagrangian循環積分cyclicintegral

哈密頓[量]Hamiltonian

哈密頓函數Hamiltonianfunction

正則方程canonicalequation

正則攝動canonicalperturbation

正則變換canonicaltransformation

正則變量canonicalvariable

哈密頓原理Hamiltonprinciple

作用量積分actionintegral

哈密頓--雅可比方程Hamilton-Jacobiequation

作用--角度變量action-anglevariables泊松括號poissonbracket

邊界積分法boundaryintegralmethod運動穩定性stabilityofmotion

軌道穩定性orbitalstability漸近穩定性asymptoticstability

構造穩定性structuralstability

傾覆力矩capsizingmoment

拉力tensileforce正應力normalstress切應力shearstress靜水壓力hydrostaticpressure集中力concentratedforce分布力distributedforce線性應力應變關系linearrelationshipbetweenstressandstrain彈性模量modulusofelasticity橫向力lateralforcetransverseforce軸向力axialforce拉應力tensilestress壓應力compressivestress平衡方程equilibriumequation靜力學方程equationsofstatic比例極限proportionallimit應力應變曲線stress-straincurve拉伸實驗tensiletest‘屈服應力yieldstress極限應力ultimatestress軸shaft梁beam純剪切pureshear橫截面積cross-sectionalarea撓度曲線deflectioncurve曲率半徑radiusofcurvature曲率半徑的倒數reciprocalofradiusofcurvature縱軸longitudinalaxis懸臂梁cantileverbeam簡支梁simplysupportedbeam微分方程differentialequation慣性矩momentofinertia靜矩staticmoment扭矩torquemoment彎矩bendingmoment彎矩對x的導數derivativeofbendingmomentwithrespecttox彎矩對x的二階導數thesecondderivativeofbendingmomentwithrespecttox靜定梁staticallydeterminatebeam靜不定梁staticallyindeterminatebeam相容方程compatibilityequation補充方程complementaryequation中性軸neutralaxis圓截面circularcrosssection兩端作用扭矩twistedbycouplesattwoends剛體rigidbody扭轉角twistangle靜力等效staticallyequivalent互相垂直平面mutuallyperpendicularplanes通過截面形心throughthecentroidofthecrosssection一端鉸支pinsupportatoneend一端固定fixedatoneend彎矩圖bendingmomentdiagram剪力圖shearforcediagram剪力突變abruptchangeinshearforce、旋轉和平移rotationandtranslation虎克定律hook’slaw邊界條件boundarycondition初始位置initialposition、力矩面積法moment-areamethod繞縱軸轉動rotateaboutalongitudinalaxis橫坐標abscissa扭轉剛度torsionalrigidity拉伸剛度tensilerigidity剪應力的合力resultantofshearstress正應力的大小magnitudeofnormalstress脆性破壞brittlefail對稱平面symmetryplane剛體的平衡equilibriumofrigidbody約束力constraintforce重力gravitationalforce實際作用力actualforce三維力系three-dimentionalforcesystem合力矩resultantmoment標量方程scalarequation、矢量方程vectorequation張量方程tensorequation匯交力系cocurrentsystemofforces任意一點anarbitrarypoint合矢量resultantvector反作用力reactionforce反作用力偶reactioncouple轉動約束restrictionagainstrotation平動約束restrictionagainsttranslation運動的趨勢tendencyofmotion繞給定軸轉動rotateaboutaspecificaxis沿一種方向運動moveinadirection控制方程controlequation共線力collinearforces平面力系planarforcesystem一束光abeamoflight未知反力unknownreactionforces參考框架frameofreference大小和方向magnitudeanddirection幾何約束geometricrestriction剛性連接rigidlyconnected運動學關系kinematicalrelations運動的合成superpositionofmovement固定點fixedpoint平動的疊加superpositionoftranslation剛體的角速度angularspeedofarigidbody質點動力學particledynamics運動微分方程differentialequationofmotion工程實際問題practicalengineeringproblems變化率rateofchange動量守恒conservationoflinearmomentum定性的描述qualitativedescription點線dottedline劃線dashedline實線solidline矢量積vectorproduct點積dotproduct極慣性矩polarmomentofinertia角速度angularvelocity角加速度angularaccelerationinfinitesimalamount無窮小量definiteintegral定積分acertainintervaloftime某一時間段kineticenergy動能conservativeforce保守力dampingforce阻尼力coefficientofdamping阻尼系數freevibration自由振動periodicdisturbance周期性擾動viscousforce粘性力forcedvibration強迫震動generalsolution通解particularsolution特解transientsolution瞬態解steadystatesolution穩態解secondorderpartialdifferentialequation二階偏微分方程externalforce外力internalforce內力stresscomponent應力分量stateofstress應力狀態coordinateaxes坐標系conditionsofequilibrium平衡條件bodyforce體力continuummechanics持續介質力學displacementcomponent位移分量additionalrestrictions附加約束compatibilityconditions相容條件mathematicalformulations數學公式isotropicmaterial各向同性材料sufficientsmall充足小stateofstrain應變狀態unitmatrix單位矩陣dilatationstrain膨脹應變thefirststraininvariant第一應變不變量deviatorstresscomponents應力偏量分量thefirstinvariantofstresstensor應力張量的第一不變量bulkmodulus體積模量constitutiverelations本構關系linearelasticmaterial線彈性材料mathematicalderivation數學推導astateofstaticequilibrium靜力平衡狀態Newton‘sfirstlawofmotion牛頓第一運動定律directlyproportionalto與……成正比stressconcentrationfactor應力集中系數stateofloading載荷狀態stvenant’principle圣維南原理uniaxialtension單軸拉伸cylindricalcoordinates柱坐標bucklingofcolumns柱的屈曲criticalvalue臨界值stableequilibrium穩態平衡unstableequilibriumcondition不穩定平衡條件criticalload臨界載荷aslendercolumn細長桿fixedatthelowerend下端固定freeattheupperend上端自由criticalbucklingload臨界屈曲載荷potentialenergy勢能fixedatbothends兩端固定hingedatbothends兩端鉸支tubularmember管型桿件transversedimention橫向尺寸stabilityofcolumn柱的穩定axialforce軸向力ellipticalhole橢圓孔planestress平面應力nominalstress名義應為principalstressdirections主應力方向axialcompression軸向壓縮dynamicloading動載荷dynamicproblem動力學問題inertiaforce慣性力resonancevibration諧振staticstatesofstress靜態應力dynamicresponse動力響應timeofcontact接觸時間lengthofwave波長resonancefrequency諧振頻率自由振動freevibration

固有振動naturalvibration

暫態transientstate

環境振動ambientvibration

反共振anti-resonance

衰減attenuation

庫侖阻尼Coulombdamping參量[激勵]振動parametricvibration

含糊振動fuzzyvibration

臨界轉速criticalspeedofrotation

阻尼器damper

半峰寬度half-peakwidth相平面法phaseplanemethod

相軌跡phasetrajectory解諧detuning

耗散函數dissipativefunction

硬激勵hardexcitation

硬彈簧hardspring,hardeningspring

諧波平衡法harmonicbalancemethod

久期項secularterm

自激振動self-excitedvibration軟彈簧softspring,softeningspring

軟激勵softexcitation模態分析modalanalysis

固有模態naturalmodeofvibration

同時synchronization

頻譜frequencyspectrum

基頻fundamentalfrequency緩沖器buffer

風激振動aeolianvibration

嗡鳴buzz

倒譜cepstrum

顫動chatter

蛇行hunting

阻抗匹配impedancematching

機械導納mechanicaladmittance

機械效率mechanicalefficiency

機械阻抗mechanicalimpedance

隨機振動stochasticvibration,randomvibration

隔振vibrationisolation

減振vibrationreduction方位角azimuthalangle多體系統multibodysystem靜平衡staticbalancing

動平衡dynamicbalancing

靜不平衡staticunbalance

動不平衡dynamicunbalance

現場平衡fieldbalancing

不平衡unbalance

不平衡量unbalance

質量守恒conservationofmass

動量守恒conservationofmomentum

能量守恒conservationofenergy

動量方程momentumequation

能量方程energyequation

構造分析structuralanalysis

構造動力學structuraldynamics

拱Arch

三鉸拱three-hingedarch

拋物線拱parabolicarch

圓拱circulararch

穹頂Dome

空間構造spacestructure

空間桁架spacetruss

雪載[荷]snowload

風載[荷]windload

土壓力earthpressure

地震載荷earthquakeloading

彈簧支座springsupport

支座位移supportdisplacement

支座沉降supportsettlement

超靜定次數degreeofindeterminacy

機動分析kinematicanalysis

結點法methodofjoints

截面法methodofsections

結點力jointforces

共軛位移conjugatedisplacement

影響線influenceline

三彎矩方程three-momentequation

單位虛力unitvirtualforce

剛度系數stiffnesscoefficient

柔度系數flexibilitycoefficient

力矩分派momentdistribution

力矩分派法momentdistributionmethod

力矩再分派momentredistribution

分派系數distributionfactor

矩陣位移法matridisplacementmethod

單元剛度矩陣elementstiffnessmatrix

單元應變矩陣elementstrainmatrix

總體坐標globalcoordinates高斯--若爾當消去法Gauss-JordaneliminationMethod

屈曲模態bucklingmode線彈性斷裂力學linearelasticfracturemechanics,LEFM

彈塑性斷裂力學elastic-plasticfracturemechanics,EPFM

斷裂Fracture

脆性斷裂brittlefracture

解理斷裂cleavagefracture

蠕變斷裂creepfracture裂紋Crack

裂縫Flaw

缺點Defect

割縫Slit

微裂紋Microcrack

折裂Kink

橢圓裂紋ellipticalcrack

深埋裂紋embeddedcrack損傷力學damagemechanics

損傷Damage

持續介質損傷力學continuumdamagemechanics

細觀損傷力學microscopicdamagemechanics損傷區damagezone

疲勞Fatigue

低周疲勞lowcyclefatigue

應力疲勞stressfatigue

隨機疲勞randomfatigue

蠕變疲勞creepfatigue

腐蝕疲勞corrosionfatigue

疲勞損傷fatiguedamage

疲勞失效fatiguefailure

疲勞斷裂fatiguefracture

疲勞裂紋fatiguecrack

疲勞壽命fatiguelife

疲勞破壞fatiguerupture

疲勞強度fatiguestrength

交變載荷alternatingload

交變應力alternatingstress

應力幅值stressamplitude

應變疲勞strainfatigue

應力循環stresscycle

應力比stressratio

安全壽命safelife

過載效應overloadingeffect

循環硬化cyclichardening

循環軟化cyclicsoftening

環境效應environmentaleffect

裂紋片crackgage

裂紋擴展crackgrowth,crackPropagation

裂紋萌生crackinitiation

循環比cycleratio

實驗應力分析experimentalstressAnalysis

工作[應變]片active[strain]gage

基底材料backingmaterial

應力計stressgage

零[點]飄移zeroshift,zerodrift

應變測量strainmeasurement

應變計straingage

應變批示器strainindicator

應變花strainrosette

應變敏捷度strainsensitivity

機械式應變儀mechanicalstraingage

直角應變花rectangularrosette

引伸儀Extensometer

應變遙測telemeteringofstrain

橫向敏捷系數transversegagefactor

橫向敏捷度transversesensitivity

焊接式應變計weldablestraingage

平衡電橋balancedbridge

粘貼式應變計bondedstraingage

粘貼箔式應變計bondedfoiledgage

粘貼絲式應變計bondedwiregage

橋路平衡bridgebalancing

電容應變計capacitancestraingage

賠償片compensationtechnique

賠償技術compensationtechnique

基準電橋referencebridge

電阻應變計resistancestraingage

溫度自賠償應變計self-temperaturecompensatinggage

半導體應變計semiconductorstrainGage計算構造力學computationalstructuralmechanics

加權殘量法weightedresidualmethod

有限差分法finitedifferencemethod

有限[單]元法finiteelementmethod

配點法pointcollocation

里茨法Ritzmethod

廣義變分原理generalizedvariationalPrinciple

最小二乘法leastsquaremethod

胡[海昌]一鷲津原理Hu-Washizuprinciple

赫林格-賴斯納原理Hellinger-ReissnerPrinciple

修正變分原理modifiedvariationalPrinciple

約束變分原理constrainedvariationalPrinciple

混正當mixedmethod

雜交法hybridmethod

邊界解法boundarysolutionmethod

有限條法finitestripmethod

半解析法semi-analyticalmethod

協調元conformingelement

非協調元non-conformingelement

混合元mixedelement

雜交元hybridelement

邊界元boundaryelement

強迫邊界條件forcedboundarycondition

自然邊界條件naturalboundarycondition

離散化Discretization

離散系統discretesystem

持續問題continuousproblem坐標變換transformationofCoordinates

廣義位移generalizeddisplacement

廣義載荷generalizedload

廣義應變generalizedstrain

廣義應力generalizedstress

界面變量interfacevariable

節點node,nodalpoint

[單]元Element

角節點cornernode

邊節點mid-sidenode

內節點internalnode

無節點變量nodelessvariable

桿元barelement

桁架桿元trusselement

梁元beamelement

二維元two-dimensionalelement

一維元one-dimensionalelement

三維元three-dimensionalelement

軸對稱元axisymmetricelement

板元plateelement

殼元shellelement

厚板元thickplateelement

三角形元triangularelement

四邊形元quadrilateralelement

四周體元tetrahedralelement

曲線元curvedelement

二次元quadraticelement

線性元linearelement

三次元cubicelement

四次元quarticelement

等參[數]元isoparametricelement

單元分析elementanalysis

單元特性elem