今天經濟學人的封面文章是關于唐納德·特朗普，2016大選共和黨的總統候選人之一。曾City,NY(26層樓的飯店，在中央車站旁，也是特朗普經手的第一個主要計劃）。美國非新調查中，喜歡特朗普的人數比例突然飆升至61%，不喜歡他的比例下降至35%。；WhenMrTrumpfirstannouncedthathewasrunningforpresident,hewasdismissedasajoke.Americansarewakinguptothepossibilitythatamanwhosehobbyisnamingthingsafterhimselfmight—conceivably—bethenomineeofthepartyofLincolnandReagan.Ononedomesticissue,tobefair,hehasstakedoutaclear,boldpositionHewoulddeportall11mimmigrantscurrentlythoughttobeinAmericaillegally.HewouldalsoroundupandexpeltheirchildrenwhowerebornonAmericansoilandarethereforeAmericancitizens.Thatthiswouldbeillegaldoesnotbotherhim.Hisapproachtoforeignaffairsisequallycrude.RepublicansshouldlistencarefullytoMrTrump,andvoteforsomeoneelse.WhenMrTrumpfirstannouncedthathewasrunningforpresident,hewasdismissedasajoke.AmericansarewakinguptothepossibilitythatamanwhosehobbyisnamingthingsafterhimselfmightconceivablybethenomineeofthepartyofLincolnandReagan.Ononedomesticissue,tobefair,hehasstakedoutaclear,boldpositionHewoulddeportall11mimmigrantscurrentlythoughttobeinAmericaillegally.HewouldalsoroundupandexpeltheirchildrenwhowerebornonAmericansoilandarethereforeAmericancitizensThatthiswouldbeillegaldoesnotbotherhim.Hisapproachtoforeignaffairsisequallycrude.RepublicansshouldlistencarefullytoMrTrump,andvoteforsomeoneelse.（郭郭友情復制）WhenMrTrumpfirstannouncedthathewasrunningforpresident,hewas析：1.bedismissedas被當做是Americansarewakinguptothepossibilitythatamanwhosehobbyisnamingthingsafterhimselfmight—conceivably—bethenomineeofthepartyofLincolnandReagan.解析：1.Conceivably強調這種可能性（有可能地，可以相信地）2.whosehobbyisnamingthings3thepartyofLincolnandReagan4arewakinguptoOnonedomesticissue,tobefair,hehasstakedoutaclear,boldposition解析：HewouldalsoroundupandexpeltheirchildrenwhowerebornonAmericansoilandarethereforeAmericancitizens.他也會圍捕并且驅逐他們的孩子出境，這些孩子Thatthiswouldbeillegaldoesnotbotherhim.雖然這樣做是違法的，但一點都沒有Hisapproachtoforeignaffairsisequallycrude.他解決國外事務的方法同樣是很粗（crudeRepublicansshouldlistencarefullytoMrTrump,andvoteforsomeoneelse.共和黨人應該珍惜聽川普先生的，但是該投其他人的票。.)marketupdate—thelastbeforetheFederalReserve’smeetingonSeptember17th—didnotprovidemuchclarityaboutthechanceofanimminentriseininterestrates.Formonths,Fedofficialshaveemphasizedthattheirdecisiononwhentoraiserateswilldependonthedata.Butwithnofurthermajordatareleasesbeforethemeeting,theoutcomeremainsacliffhanger.marketupdate—thelastbeforetheFederalReserve’smeetingonSeptember17th—didnotprovidemuchclarityaboutthechanceofanimminentriseininterestrates.Formonths,Fedofficialshaveemphasizedthattheirdecisiononwhentoraiserateswilldependonthedata.Butwithnofurthermajordatareleasesbeforethemeeting,theoutcomeremainsacliffhanger.THOSEhopingforanendtothesuspensewillbe主干：Thosewillbedisappointed.定語：hopingforanendtotheAmerica’slabourmarketupdate—thelastbeforetheFederalReserve’smeetingonSeptember17th—didnotprovidemuchclarityaboutthechanceofanimminentriseininterestrates.Imminent立即的，迫切的，危急的主干：America’slabourmarketupdatedidnotprovidemuchclarityaboutthechanceofanimminentriseininterestrates.Formonths,Fedofficialshaveemphasizedthattheirdecisiononwhentoraiserateswilldependonthedata.Butwithnofurthermajordatareleasesbeforethemeeting,theoutcomeremainsacliffhanger.CommonCoreallowspupilsindifferentstatestobemeasuredagainsteachother.UntilNoChildLeftBehind,aneducationactsignedbyGeorgeW.Bushthatrequiredstatestotestpupilsannually,only19didso.Nowtheyallmust.CommonCoreisalsobeingsqueezedfromtheleft,whereitisseenaspartofatesting.TheDemocraticPartyinWashingtonstatehascondemnedCommonCore,andRandiWeingarten,headofthesecond-biggestteachers’union,hassaidthestandardsmustbe“guides,notstraitjackets.”Betweenthesetwoideologicalpoles,itisawonderAmericacanimproveitspublicschoolsatall.Inthisworldofchangeandcomplexity,theneedforinformationisofgreatestimportance.Thosepeoplewhohaveaccurate,reliableup-to-dateinformationtosolvetheday-to-dayproblems,thecriticalproblemsoftheirbusiness,socialandfamilylife,willsurviveandsucceed."Knowledgeispower"maywellbethetruestsayingandaccesstoinformationmaybethemostcriticalrequirementofallpeople.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraph itisnecessarytoobtainasmuchknowledgeaspeopleshouldmakethebestuseoftheinformationweshouldrealizetheimportanceofaccumulatingitisofvitalimportancetoacquireneededinformationCommonCoreallowspupilsindifferentstatestobemeasuredagainsteachother.UntilNoChildLeftBehind,aneducationactsignedbyGeorgeW.Bushthatrequiredstatestotestpupilsannually,only19didso.Nowtheyallmust.CommonCoreisalsobeingsqueezedfromtheleft,whereitisseenaspartofatesting.TheDemocraticPartyinWashingtonstatehascondemnedCommonCore,andRandiWeingarten,headofthesecond-biggestteachers’union,hassaidthestandardsmustbeguides,notstraitjackets.”Betweenthesetwoideologicalpoles,itisawonderAmericacanimproveitspublicschoolsatall.CommonCoreallowspupilsindifferentstatestobemeasuredagainsteachUntilNoChildLeftBehind,aneducationactsignedbyGeorgeW.Bushthatrequiredstatestotestpupilsannually,only19didso.Nowtheyallmust.GeorgeW.BushUntilNoChildLeftBehind的教育法案，才有19個州這樣做。而現在所有的州都必須參加評估和排名了。Commoncore推出之后一直是受到爭議的，而現在不管是左派（民主黨）還是右派（共CommonCoreisalsobeingsqueezedfromtheleft,/whereitisseenaspartofaconservativedrivetoundermineteachersandtheirunionsbycontinuous,unfair,testing.CommonCore也受到了來自左派的擠壓。在左派看來，這個計劃是保守派人士企圖用持TheDemocraticPartyinWashingtonstatehascondemnedCommonCore,andRandiWeingarten,headofthesecond-biggestteachers’union,hassaidthestandardsmustbe“guides,notstraitjackets.”Betweenthesetwoideologicalpoles,itisawonder/Americacanimproveitspublicschoolsatall.Inthisworldofchangeandcomplexity,theneedforinformationisofgreatestimportance.Thosepeoplewhohaveaccurate,reliableup-to-dateinformationtosolvetheday-to-dayproblems,thecriticalproblemsoftheirbusiness,socialandfamilylife,willsurviveandsucceed."Knowledgeispower"maywellbethetruestsayingandaccesstoinformationmaybethemostcriticalrequirementofallpeople.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraph itisnecessarytoobtainasmuchknowledgeaspeopleshouldmakethebestuseoftheinformationweshouldrealizetheimportanceofaccumulatingitisofvitalimportancetoacquireneededinformation選項分析：[A]itisnecessarytoobtainasmuchknowledgeaspossible[C]weshouldrealizetheimportanceofaccumulating[B]peopleshouldmakethebestuseoftheinformation[D]itisofvitalimportancetoacquireneededinformationSocial-mediafirmsareinvestigatingwhethertheycantapthemicrotransactionsmarket—say,byofferingvirtualcurrenciesorgoodsthatuserscanuseasbarter—thoughforcedpartnershipswithlocaltelecomsfirmsthreatentheprofitabilityofsuchschemes.詞匯突破：tapmicrotransactions微交易profitability收益性schemes主干識別：Social-mediafirmsareinvestigatingwhether+賓語從句byofferingvirtualcurrenciesorgoodsthatuserscanuseasbarter狀語從句:thoughforcedpartnershipswithlocaltelecomsfirmsthreatentheprofitabilityofsuchschemes微觀分析：byofferingvirtualcurrenciesorgoodsthatuserscanuseasbarterthatuserscanuseasbarter定語從句修飾goods這里是通過語義判斷出不修飾currencies的。IntheearlyindustrializedcountriesofEuropetheprocessofindustrialization-withallthefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternsthatfollowed-wasspreadovernearlyacentury,whereasnowadaysadevelopingnationmayundergothesameprocessinadecadeorso.theprocessofindustrializationwasspreadovernearlyaadevelopingnationmayundergothesameprocessinadecadeorIntheearlyindustrializedcountriesofEuropewithallthefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternsthatfollowed狀語翻譯點撥：詞匯處理：industrializedcountriestheprocessofindustrializationwiththatfollowed隨……far-reachingchangessocialpatternsspreadovernearlyacentury大約(將近、幾乎)一個世紀adevelopingnation一個發展中國家undergo經歷inadecadeorso10whereas結構變革持續了大約一個世紀，而如今一個發展中國家在10年左右的（說明，表明）、validate（證明，證實）、contend（堅持說）、pointout（指出）、assbputit（）、beconvincedthat（相信，確信）、（接受）、acquire（獲得、獲取）、add（補充，說明）account（WhileinAmericathetrend(downshifting)startedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline—afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate'80s—andisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,inBritain,atleastamongthemiddleclassdownshiftersofmyacquaintance,wehavedifferentreasonsforseekingtosimplifyourlives.Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheUSasaresult.thequickpaceofmodernman'sadventurousman'ssearchformythicaltheeconomic“電車難題”(Trolleyproblem)也叫(trolleyology)是倫理學領域最為知名的思想實驗之VersionYouarewatchingatrolleyspeedingdownatrackthatwillkillfiveunsuspectingpeople.Thereisaswitchthatwoulddivertthetrolleyontoanothertrackwhereitwillkillonlyoneperson.Wouldyouthrowthisswitch?VersionAlterthescenarioabit.Thereisnoswitch.Butyoucanpushafatmanoverthebridgeontothetrackstosavethefive.(Youcannotstopthetrolleybyjumpingyourself,onlythefatmanisheavyenough.)Wouldyoudoit?Thephysicalandemotionaldistancefromthekillingmakesthrowingtheswitchmuchmorepopularthanthrowingtheman.畢竟：MostpeoplequailattheideaofshovingthemantohisWhenmoraldilemmasareposedinaforeignlanguage,peoplebecomemorecoollyutilitarian;Specifically,whenpeopleareaskedthefatmanquestioninaforeignlanguage,theyaremorelikelytokillhimforothers’sake.MeetingsofinternationalorganisationsliketheUnitedNationsortheEuropeanUnionareoftenconductedinlanguagesthatarenotthepreferredonesofmostofthoseattending.Perhapsitisreassuringtothinktheymaybemorecoollyrationalthanmeetingsofmonoglots—unless,thatis,youarethemetaphoricalfatmanabouttopushedunderatrain.你就會被推下去，你就不會覺得安慰了啊。所以用了unless.)（thatis沒有實際意義，就是一種習慣用法，相當于說話時候的，額，額...GainedinAccordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheUSasaresult.thequickpaceofmodernman'sadventurousman'ssearchformythicaltheeconomicdownshiftingemergedthetrendstarted，文中thetrenddownshifting;startedemergedintheUS,繼續縮小定位范圍。選項分析：定位精確之后就比較容易的可以根據原文中的：theeconomicdecline確定答項，C可以是英國人過這樣生活的原因Plentyofretiredofficersarguethatbusinesspeoplehavemuchtolearnfromthearmedservices.Forexample,businesstheoristsincreasinglyemphasizestheimportanceofcorporateculture,yetmanynewbusinessesdoadismaljobofnurturingit.Themilitaryservices,bycontrast,havebeenadeptatpreservingtheircultureatatimeofsocialturmoil.Granted,theyhavesometimesbeenslowtochange.Americaonlyliftedthebanonopenlygaytroopsin2011,andonwomenincombatlastmonth.Butstill,armiesaremuchbetterthanotherinstitutionsatbuildingalifelongespritdecorps.Militarymottoesmakestrongmencry:(“Thefew,theproud”;“Whodareswins”).MostcorporatemissionstatementsmakedeskwarriorscringewithThatemergingbusinessesattachlessattentiontonurturingcultureismentionedtoshowtheimportanceofcorporatecultureinthetimesofturbulentshowdifferencebetweentheoristsandthenewshowprivatesectorsshouldtakeapagefrommilitaryshowmilitarymottoesalsomakewarriors這周經濟學人的一篇文章談到了：HowaNewJerseytrafficjamhelpedtoppletheheadofanairline一次新澤西的堵車是如何讓航空公司的老總辭職的。這篇文章給我提Theresignationsdonotmeancriminalchargesarelooming—Unitedsaidtheywereconnectedtoaninternalinquiry—butitdoesmeanapossibilityforafreshstartforUnited.Plentyofretiredofficersarguethatbusinesspeoplehavemuchtolearnfromthearmedservices.Forexample,businesstheoristsincreasinglyemphasizestheimportanceofcorporateculture,yetmanynewbusinessesdoadismaljobofnurturingit.Thatemergingbusinessesattachlessattentiontonurturingcultureismentionedtoshowtheimportanceofcorporatecultureinthetimesofturbulentshowdifferencebetweentheoristsandthenewshowprivatesectorsshouldtakeapagefrommilitaryshowmilitarymottoesalsomakewarriorsbusinesspeople=privatesectortakeapagefrom=learnmilitarycat