..精選實用文檔..精選?專業英語?復習題一、選擇題civilengineeringdealtwithpermanentstructuresfor(civilian)use,whereasmilitaryengineeringdealtwithtemporarystructuresformilitaryuseattentionmust(bepaidto)theworkingtemperatureofthemachine.diplomaticrelations(havebeenestablished)betweenchinaandtheunitedstatesofAmericaadirectcurrentisacurrent(flowing)alwaysinthesamedirection.it’sourdutyto(complywith)thespecification.doseyourshop(supply)rebar?neitherInorhe(is)fondofmusic.the(above-mentioned)cements(水泥)arewidelyusedontheconstructionsite.theproductionofsteelhasbeenincreased(by)70%.ifthegardenisbig,somefloodlightscanbe(installed).(wherever)yougo,youcanseemanybuildings.dams,(bridge),watersupplysystems,andotherlargeprojectsordinarilyemployseveralengineerstoworktogether...精選實用文檔..精選thebiggerquantityyouorder,(theloweruntilcostyouwillbeoffered).inmodernroadconstructions,powerfulmodernmachinesareemployedtomovemountainsandfillvalleystomakethe(surfaces)asdirectaspossible.besidesitsabilitytosustainloads,concreteisalsorequiredtobe(durable).tensilefailureof(reinforced)concretehappenseasilyandinvolvesprogressivemicro-cracking.concreteis(inherently)aporousmaterial(多孔材料)–mayIuseyourbikeforamoment?--(byallmeans)(一定，務必)19.conclusionscanbe(drawn)fromtheabovediscussion.’sasmallcountry,yethasalotof(potential)resources.21.aperson’scalorierequirementsvary(throughout)22.thereisacomputersyetem(withwhich)thecompanyisexperiencingproblems.23.usuallythereis(less)trafficinthestreetsonweekdaythanonSundays.24.Thethieftriedtoopenthelockeddoorbut(invain)25.crackswouldnotonlybeunsightlybutwould(expose)thesteelbarstocorrosionbymoistureandotherchemicalaction...精選實用文檔..精選26.(havingpacked)theirluggage,thetouristshurriedtotheairport.27.generouspublicfundingofbasicsciencewould(leadto)considerablebenefitsforthecountry’shealth,wealthandsecurity.28.〞youareveryselfish,it’shightimeyou(realized)thatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,〞edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.29.(evenif)thecalculationisright,scientistscanneverbesurethattheyhaveincludeallvariablesandmodeledaccurately.30.rememberthatcustomersdon’t(bargain)aboutpricesinthecity.二、詞組互譯tensilestrength抗拉強度：compressivestrength抗壓強度constructionengineering建筑工程reinforcedconcrete鋼筋混凝土rawmaterial原材料civilengineers土木工程師assemblagetechnology裝配技術..精選實用文檔..精選simplysupportedbeam簡支梁continuousbeam連續梁framingmember框架構件bendingstrength抗彎強度shearingstrength抗剪強度billofquantities工程量清單estimatedcost預算本錢thecolumn-diagonaltrusstube對頂柱桁架筒體cashflow現金流動three-dimensional三維的Englishforspecializedscienceandtechnology專業外語geotechnicalengineering巖土工程foundationsettlement地基沉降fundamentalassumption根本假設bendingmoment彎曲力矩shearstress剪應力，剪切應力normalstress正應力，法向應力onschedule按時beinequilibriumwith與···平衡horizontalplane水平面verticalplane垂直面soilmechanics土力學..精選實用文檔..精選aerialphotographs航空攝影sanitaryengineering衛生工程detrimentalagents有害因素jointaction聯合作用deformedbars變形鋼筋currentsituation(presentsituation)現狀positivesequence正序negativesequence逆序〔負序〕fabricationplant加工廠〔加工設備〕financialbudget財政預算divideby除以inchargeof負責〔主管〕takeaccountof考慮到，顧及spectacularachievements驚人的成就ultrahigh-risebuildings超高層建筑terminatecontract解除合同〔終止合同〕spandrelbeams外墻托梁encroachon侵占，蠶食intersectsurfaces相交曲面bundled-tubestructures束筒結構takedeliveryof取貨，提貨三、翻譯句子..精選實用文檔..精選Thetermcivilengineeringoriginallycameintousetodistinguishitfrommilitaryengineering.土木工程這個術語起初是用來與軍事工程相區別的，土木工程處理的是民用的永久性建筑結構，而軍事工程那么是主要負責處理臨時性的軍用建筑。Greaterheightentailsincreasedcolumnandbeamsizestomakebuildingsmorerigidsothatunderwindloadtheywillnotswaybeyondanacceptablelimit.更多的高度需要增加柱和梁的尺寸來使建筑物的剛性更強，以使它們在風荷載作用下在容許范圍內擺動。Structuralsystemsofreinforcedconcreteaswellassteel,takefulladvantageoftheinherentpotentialstiffnessofthetotalbuildingandthereforedonotrequireadditionalstiffeningtolimitthesway.鋼筋混凝土個鋼結構系統充分利用了整個建筑的固有的潛在的剛度，因此不需要額外的加強材料來限制傾斜。Thetubestructuralsystemwasdevelopedforimprovingtheresistancetolateralforcesandthecontrolofdriftinhigh-risebuilding.筒體結構體系的開展是為了提高高層建筑抵抗側向力和飄移的能力。薄殼筒體使筒體結構體系又向前邁進了一步。Withthecontinuingneedforlargerandtallerbuildings,theframedtubeorthecol..精選實用文檔..精選umn-diagonaltrusstablemaybeusedinabundledformtocreatelargertubeenvelopswhilemaintaininghighefficiency.隨著對更大更高的建筑的持續要求，框筒或對頂柱桁架筒體可能被用在捆綁的形式以創作更大的筒體外殼，同時又保持了高效力。Theprinciplesoffluidmechanicscanbeappliedtodailylifeasinthecaseoftheplanes,themovementoffishinwater,andthecirculationofbloodintheveins.流體力學原理可以應用到日常生活中，如：飛行的飛機、魚在水中的游動及血管中的血液循環等情況。Anthropogenicorhuman-inducedpollutantshaveoverloadthesystem.人類或人類的活動引起的污染物已經超過了生態系統的承受能力。Theroleofanenvironmentalengineeristobuildabridgebetweenbiologyandtechnologybyapplyingallthetechniquestothejobofcleaningthedebris.環境工程師的作用是，通過將各種技術應用于垃圾清理的工作中，從而在生物與技術之間建造一座橋梁。Surveyingisdefinedanartofcollectingdataformappingtherelativepositionsofpointsonthesurfaceofearthinahorizontalplane.測量是指為收集數據，以便在水平面內畫出地球外表點的位置圖的一種技術。..精選實用文檔..精選Theengineeringmarvelsoftheworld,startingfromthepyramidstotodaysthinshellstructures,aretheresultsofdevelopmentincivilengineering.Ashereunderstood,itisthebodyofscientificknowledgewhichpermitsonetopredictwithagooddegreeofcertaintyhowastructureofgivenshapeanddimensionswillbehavewhenacteduponbyknownforceorothermechanicalinfluences.正如由此處所知結構力學是科學知識體系，它使得人們能很確定地預測給定形狀和尺寸的結構在力或其他力學因素下的性能。Thispropositionisnotanassumptionbutafact,becauseanybodyoranyportionthereofcanbeatrestonlyifallforcesactingonitareinequilibrium.這一命題不是假設，而是事實，因為只有作用于物體或物體一局部的力平衡時，它才能靜止。Actually,thejointactionoftwomaterialsasdissimilarandcomplicatedasconcreteandsteelissocomplexthatithasnotyetlentitselftopurelycatalyticaltreatment.實際上，像混凝土和鋼材這樣既復雜又不同的兩種材料的聯合作用是非常復雜的，目前還不能對其進行純分析處理。..精選實用文檔..精選fromthisstudyalistofallitemsofworkisprepared,andrelateditemsearthengroupedtogetherforlistingonamasterschedule.根據研究，列出施工工程的各項工作內容，并將相關內容歸為一類，列在主要施工進度表上。otherconstructionengineeringdutiesarethelayoutoftheworkbysurveyingmethods,thepreparationofdetaildrawingstoclarifythedesignengineer’sdrawingsfortheconstructioncrews,andtheinspectionoftheworktoensurethatitcomplieswithplansandspecifications.工程施工的其他任務是：通過測量進行工程放線；準備細部圖紙，以使施工技術人員弄清設計工程師的圖樣意圖；工程檢查，以保證工程施工遵循設計及設計說明書。根據詞根或詞綴寫單詞ag=do,act做，動agency機構，作用；agential代理人agri=field田地，農田agriculture田地，農田；agricultural農業的，農藝的ann=year年anniversary周年紀念日annual每年的，年度的4.audi=hear聽Audience聽眾，傾聽auditorium禮堂，講堂..精選實用文檔..精選brev=short短brief短暫的，簡短的briefness短暫，簡短ced=go行走precedent先行的，在前的unprecedented無先例的，空前的cept=take拿，取except除···之外exception例外，除外cid，cis=cut，kill切，殺decide決定decision決定，決心circ=ring環，圓Circulate循環circle圓，圈claim，clam=cry，shout喊叫exclaim呼喊，驚叫exclamation呼喊，驚叫11.clar=clear清楚，明白