2022年職稱英語理工類教材新增部分內容（十二）第十二篇

MusicalTrainingCanImproveCommunicationSkills

Americanscientistssaymusicaltrainingseemstoimprovecommunicationskillsandlanguageretardation.Theyfoundthatdevelopingmusicalskillsinvolvesthesameprocessinthebrainaslearninghowtospeak.Thescientistsbelievethat1couldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities.

1Shesaysmusicaltraininginvolvesputtingtogetherdifferentkindsofinformation,suchashearingmusic,lookingatmusicalnotes,touchinganinstrumentandwatchingothermusicians.Thisprocessisnotmuchdifferentfromlearninghowtospeak.2

Shefurtherexplainsmusicaltrainingandlearningtospeakeachmakeusthinkaboutwhatwearedoing2.Shesaysspeechandmusicpassthroughastructureofthenervoussystemcalledthebrainstem.3Untilrecently,expertshavethoughtthebrainstemcouldnotbedevelopedorchanged.ButProfessorKranssandherteamfoundthatmusicaltrainingcanimproveaperson”sbrainstemactivity.

Thestudyinvolvedindividualswithdifferentlevelsofmusicalability.Theywereaskedtowearanelectricaldevicethatmeasuresbrainactivity.TheIndividualsworetheelectrodewhiletheywatchedavideoofsomeonespeakingandapersonplayingamusicalinstrument--thecello.4Thestudyfoundthatthemoreyearsoftrainingpeoplehad,themoresensitivetheyweretothesoundandrhythmofthemusic3.Thosewhowereinvolvedinmusicalactivitieswerethesamepeopleinwhomtheimprovementofsensoryeventswasthestrongest.5Shesaysusingmusictoimprovelisteningskillscouldmeantheyhearsentencesandunderstandfacialexpressionsbetter.

詞匯：

retardationn.滯后cellon.大提琴

noten.音符rhythmn.節奏

electroden.電極sensoryadj.知覺的，感官的

解釋：

1．scientistsbelievethatcouldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities：科學家發覺，音樂訓練、對學習上有障礙的兒童有幫忙。that是從句“thatcouldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities”中的主語。that指代上一句的developingmusicalskillsinvolvesthesameprocessinthebrainaslearninghowtospeak。withlearningdisabilities是定語，修飾children。

2．musicaltrainingandlearningtospeakeachmakeUSthinkaboutwhatwearedoin9：音樂訓練和學習說話這兩者都使我們思索我們正在所做的事。each指musicaltrainin9和learningtospeak中的任何一個。句子的主語是musicaltrainingandlearningtospeak，所以，謂語動詞是復數的。

3．themoreyearsoftrainingpeoplehad，themoresensitivetheyweretothesoundandrhythmofthemusic：人們承受音樂訓練的年份越長，其對音樂聲音和節奏的敏感性也越高。people是前半旬中的主語。

練習：

ABothinvolvedifferentsenses.

BNinaKrausisaneurobiologist(~E~:~)atNorthwesternUniversityinIllinois.

CSomedisabledchildrenattended~themusicaltrainingClass.

DItshowstheimportanceofmusicaltrainingtochildrenwithlearningdisabilities.

EProfessorKrausssayscelloshavesoundqualitiessimilartosomeofthesoundsthatareimportantwithspeech.

FThebrainstemcontrolsourabilitytohear.

答案與題解：

1．B“空l”后面的句子的主語是代詞she，說明“空l”的句子中有一個女性的名字。選項B有NinaKraus(Nina“尼娜”是女性名字)，句子的內容是介紹NinaKraus，與后面句子的意思配得上。B是答案。

2．A本段的其次、三句說，音樂訓練和學習這兩件事沒有什么很大的不同。選項A的“Both

involvedifferentsenses”解釋了為什么這么說，由于兩者都涉及不同的感官，也就是上文所列舉的“hearingmusic”(耳聽)，“lookingatmusicalnotes／watchingothermusicians”(眼看)，“touchinganinstrument”(手觸)等。

3．F在六個選項中，選項F的句子中消失特指的thebrainstem，說明前文已消失過這個詞語。這是篇章寫作中常用的詞匯連接方式。從意義上看，選項F的句子是解釋上文提到的brainstem的功能。上下文意思連貫，所以是答案。

4．E同上面第三題的解釋一樣，選項E的句子