堂案例剖析de1.Mr.Smith,anAmericanbusinessman,soldabatchofIBMcomputerstoaHongKongokeepsyourmoneyonyourbehalfuntilCaseFour案例四Chinesesellerofferedtheprice,hedidn’tsayanything.Butintheafternoon,theFrenchbuyervisitedagainandacceptedthemorning’soffer.Atthismoment,Chinesecompanyfoundtheprice5.OurcompanymadeanofferwithItalianbuyer,whichisvalidbefore10thofthismonth.Becauseofthepostbureau’slateindelivery,wehavereceivedtheacceptanceon11th.AtthisWithinthevalidity,CompanyBreplied“Refertoyourtelexfirstaccepted,packinginnewmarketpriceofthecommoditywasfalling,CompanyBwrotetoCompanyA“Nocontractisbeingsignedbybothparties.AftergoingbacktoBeijing,thegroupfoundthattheclientsCaseEight案例八thesaidproductswererisingrapidly.WhatdoyouthinkisthebestwayforthedeAnalysis:案例分析e2.Thiscontractwasnotconcludedeffectively.Item1ofArticle19oftheCISGceptancebutcontainse3.AccordingtoItem2ofArticle21ofCISG:“Ifaletterorotherwritingcontaininga4.中國與法國均系《聯合國國際貨物銷售合同公約》締約國，洽談過程中，雙方對《公約》均未排除或作出任何保留。因此，雙方當事人均應受該《公約》約束。按《公約》規定：對5.中國與意大利均系《聯合國國際貨物銷售合同公約》締約國，該案雙方洽談過程中，均未排除或作出任何保留，因此，雙方當事人均應受《公約》約束。我方于11日收到意商的對方：我方原發盤已經失效。如我方鑒于其他原因，愿按原發盤達成交易，訂立合同，可回電確信，也可不予答復，此時接受即告失效。6.A公司與B公司的第一封信函可視為發盤，在該發盤中A公司對包裝做出了要求。而B公司對該發盤中包裝條款進行了修改，可視為還盤，或新的發盤，B公司發出還盤后AB7.AccordingtoArticle11ofCISG:“Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedin,oreprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.”ThoughChinaandtheUSarebothmembercountriesoftheCISGChinadeclaredthatitwon’tbeboundbyArticle11anditsrelatedarticles.Thatistosay,anykindofcontractsinChinamustbe8.AccordingtoItem2ofArticle21ofCISG:“Ifaletterorotherwritingcontainingaerm1.AChineseimportandexportcompanyconcludedaSaleContractwithaHollandfirmonthegoodstobedirectlydeliveredtoLiberia.TheL/Calsorequired“FreightPrepaid”tobeportcompanyconcludedaSaleContractwithaGermanfirmonheQuestion:(1)Isthebuyer’srefusalreasonable?Why?CaseFour案例四BerfermAnalysis:案例分析which,theseller’sresponsibilitiesendedwhenheloadedthegoodsonboardtheshipship;thatistosay,therisksweretransferredtothebuyerortheotherpartiesloss?Itisdefinitelynotthecasebecausethereareothertwosub-contractsexistingonCIFterms-I/PandBillofLading.Inthiscasethebuyercouldclaimdamageswiththeinsurancecompany,buthehadtotakedeliveryofthegoods.Obviously,theactualreasonforthebuyer’srightforWtoaskEtopaythefreightandindicate“FreightRepaid”ontheBillofthegoods.Inthiscase,EmightcomplywithW’srequest,buthehadtoindicatedthatewhich,theseller’sresponsibilitiesendedwhenheloadedthegoodsonboardtheshipshipthatistosaytherisksweretransferredtothebuyerortheotherparties4.在FOB術語下，作為買方必須負責租船訂艙。此案，買方要求賣方代其租船訂艙，賣自己承擔。買方要求取消合同，賠償損失的請求是不合理的。5.在CIF術語下，貨物的風險劃分以啟運港的船舷為界，當貨物越過船舷后，買方就必須承擔貨物的一切風險。此案中，合同雙方簽訂了CIF合同，賣方提供了全套清潔單據，且床單潮濕發生在貨損途中。因此，買方必須履行付款義務。對于貨物的損失，買方可向包廂公司提出索賠。如果買方能夠舉證床單潮濕是由于包裝不良所致，他可向賣方提出索賠。6.FOB,CFR與CIF風險劃分都是以船舷為界，當貨物在裝運過程中，未越過船舷，跌落貨物跌落入甲板，買方能夠承擔風險是毫無疑問的。theChinesecompanystillmarked“PricebestillfixedonGradeTwo.”inch-----70M/T;8inch-----80M/