Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.The__________(arrange)oflightindustryintheprovinceneedsadjusting.2.IshallliketointroducetoyouthegentlemanwhomIspokeof________otherday.3.Theexactyear___________MaryandherfamilyclimbedMountTaiwas2023.4.Tomyjoy,thecompanymadean___________(adjust)tomysalary.5.Thehotdaysofsummerdried_________allthemountainbrooks(小溪).句意：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。6.Iwouldlikesome__________(toast)sandwichesandacupofcoffee.7.Peopleusuallyshake_________(hand)whenintroducedtoeachother.8.MrJohnsonknowsalittleChinese,sohecandoitwithoutan_________(interpret).9.Afteralongjourneywecametoasmallvillage___________wassurroundedbywateronthreesides.10.Mymotherwasbusy_________(weed)inthegardenwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.答案：1.arrangement句意：考查名詞。句意：這個(gè)省的輕工業(yè)布局需要調(diào)整。根據(jù)空前的The可知，此處要填名詞arrangement。2.the句意：考查固定用法。句意：我想把你介紹給我前幾天談到的那位紳士。theotherday不久前的某天。when句意：考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：Mary和家人爬泰山的那一年是2023年。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故填when。4.adjustment句意：考查名詞。句意：使我高興的是，公司調(diào)整了我的薪水。根據(jù)前面的an可知，此處要填名詞的單數(shù)形式。out句意：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：炎炎的夏日使得所有的山澗小溪都干涸了。dryout使……完全變干。6.toasted句意：考查分詞化的形容詞。句意：我想要一些烤三明治和一杯咖啡。toast和sandwiches之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用分詞化的形容詞作定語(yǔ)。7.hands句意：考查名詞。句意：人們相互介紹時(shí)通常握手。shakehands“握手”是固定用法。8.interpreter句意：考查名詞。句意：Johnson先生懂些漢語(yǔ)，因此，沒(méi)有譯員他也能做那件事。根據(jù)空前的an可知，要填名詞的單數(shù)形式，結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)填interpreter表示“譯員”。9.which/that句意：考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)途跋涉我們來(lái)到了一個(gè)三面環(huán)水的小村莊，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞asmallvillage，且在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以填which或that。10.weeding句意：考查動(dòng)詞-ing形式。句意：我媽媽忙著在花園除草，而我在做家庭作業(yè)。bebusydoing“忙于做”。Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Creatinganatmospherethatemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.2.Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetimewhichheshouldbeabletobeindependent.3.Acompanythatprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.4.Pleasesendusalltheinformationwhichyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.5.September30isthedayinwhichyoumustpayyourbill.6.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswhoparticipateinthediscussion.7.ItisaremotetownofwhichnameIhaveforgotten.8.ThegirltowhoIlentmybikeworksinahospital.9.Thisistheverypenthatyougaveittomebefore.thatthatwhere答案：1.Creatinganatmosphereemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.whichwhichwhen2.Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetimeheshouldbeabletobeindependent.thatthatwhose3.Acompanyprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.whichwhichthat4.Pleasesendusalltheinformationyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.ininby5.September30isthedaywhichyoumustpayyourbill.participateparticipateparticipates6.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswhointhediscussion.∧the∧the7.ItisaremotetownofwhichnameIhaveforgotten.whowhom句意：那是一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的小鎮(zhèn)，名字我忘了。先行詞town與name之間有所屬關(guān)系，此句可改寫(xiě)為It’saremotetownandIhaveforgottenthetown’sname。thetownwhowhom8.ThegirltoIlentmybikeworksinahospital.句意：我把自行車(chē)借給那個(gè)女孩，她在一家醫(yī)院工作。介詞前置，定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞多為whom和which，先行詞是人就用whom，先行詞為物就用which。9.Thisistheverypenthatyougaveittomebefore.∧havingmanyofthemandmanythem∧havingmanyofthemandmanythemwhom10.Hehadthousandsofstudents,manyofgainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield.句意：他有成千上萬(wàn)名學(xué)生，他們當(dāng)中許多人在自己的領(lǐng)域里取得了很大的成功。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知Hehad…students是一個(gè)句子，中間用了逗號(hào)manyofthemgained…field也是一個(gè)句子，這兩個(gè)句子是什么關(guān)系，既沒(méi)有并列連詞使他們成為并列句，也沒(méi)有從屬連詞使他們成為主從復(fù)合句。因此從句子種類(lèi)上講，是錯(cuò)誤的。將them改為whom，就成了定語(yǔ)從句，或在many前加and就成了并列句，此題還有一個(gè)改法即在gained前加having構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)也是正確的。Ⅲ.閱讀理解(2023·山西大同市四校聯(lián)考)CouldLouisCKberightthatsmartphonesarethedevil’splaythings?Theproblemis,arecentresearchdoesn’tsupporttheclaim.Asurveyconductedin2023byStanfordprofessorsshowedthat8to12yearoldgirlswhospentlotsofhoursburiedintheirsmartphonesweren’tlesslikelythantheirpeerstohangoutwithfriendsinperson—andgirlswholikedtogooutingroupswerenotlessinclinedtotextorsendinstantmessages.True,thesurveydidfindthathavingface-to-facecommunicationmadekidsfeelmore“normal”andsociallysuccessful.ButsendingtextsandusingFacebookandTwitterdon’tmakeagirlmuchworseoff.Infact,twooftheactivitiesthatseemtoslowdownherdevelopmentofsocialskillsthemostarereading(whichincludesdoinghomework)andwatchingvideos(whichincludesspendingtimeinfrontoftelevision).CKarguesthatdistractionsliketechnologypreventkidsfromlearninghowtoregulatetheiremotions.Butthereareplentyofpre-smartphonewaystogetridofdiscomfortortheessentialsadnessofexistence.WhenIwasapreteen,Ifilledupeveryemptymomentofmydaysreadingscience-fictionbooks.Ididn’thaveasmartphone,butneitherdidIfollowCK’sadvicenottodoanything.Neitherdidmyparents.Theyshruggedoffmomentsofdepressionorboredombydoingcrosswordpuzzles.Aretheseold-fashionedmodesofentertainmentanddistractionanylessharmfulthantheoneswehavetoday?CK’sownexamplemixestheoldtechnologywiththenew.Hehadtheurgetotexthisfriends,hesays,whilelisteningtomusicinhiscar;hissmartphonedistractedhimfromtheradio.ButwhatifCKhadbeensittingthereinsilence?Whydidhehavetofillthequietwithclassicrock?Whatmadehisphonedistractingbuthisradioasourceofsadnessandjoy?Weliketothinkthatbooksandsongsenrichus;smartphonesmakeusstupid.Thesong“Jungleland”isart;Facebookisawasteoftime.Butisthatreallytrue?Andsoitiswithsmartphones.Sometextsfromfriendsdistractusfromourdailylives;otherswrench(使痛苦)thesoul.Can’tweuseoursmartphonestohear“Jungleland”atanytimeofday?Oristhatdistractiontoo?導(dǎo)讀本文是議論文。文章作者就青少年是否應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)發(fā)表了自己的看法。1.What’sLouisCK’sattitudetowardsgirlsholdingsmartphones?A.Disapproving.B.Unconcerned.C.Supportive.D.Surprised.2.Theauthorusestheexampleofhisparentstoshow_______.A.technologydrivesoffsadnesseffectivelyB.doingcrosswordpuzzleskeepsonepositiveC.smartphonescanhelponeovercomenegativeemotionsD.doingnothingisnotagoodwaytoregulateone’semotions3.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Facebookisawasteoftimeinfact.B.Smartphonesmakekidsglobalcitizens.C.Old-fashionedentertainmentisharmful.D.Booksandmusicaresuperiortosmartphones.4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Holdthephone!B.Goodbye,smartphones!C.Technologyisdouble-edgedD.Smartphones:Socialskillssuffer答案：1.解析：A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段的“devil’splaythings”及下文作者的反駁可知，LouisCK認(rèn)為女孩不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。2.解析：D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。作者在第四段先擺出LouisCK的觀點(diǎn)：distractionsliketechnologypreventkidsfromlearninghowtoregulatetheiremotions，緊接著進(jìn)行反駁，并用自己和父母成功克服不良情緒的經(jīng)歷說(shuō)明LouisCK的建議(CK’sadvicenottodoanything)不可取。3.解析：B考查推理判斷。作者自始至終都不認(rèn)為手機(jī)會(huì)影響青少年社交能力的發(fā)展，反而支持青少年使用手機(jī)，所以他可能會(huì)支持B項(xiàng)的觀點(diǎn)。4.解析：A考查標(biāo)題歸納。作者在文中引用研究結(jié)果等反駁了LouisCK的觀點(diǎn)，他認(rèn)為使用手機(jī)不會(huì)影響到青少年社交能力的發(fā)展。故A項(xiàng)標(biāo)題形象、貼切。Ⅳ.完形填空(2023·遼寧大慶至善中學(xué)高二聯(lián)考)Inhishitsong“TheLongRun,”DonHenleysang,“Whocangothedistance?We’llfindoutinthelongrun.”Goingthedistanceissomethingmanyofouryoungpeopleare1todo.Hereisa(n)2fact:Ofthecurrentfreshmen(大學(xué)一年級(jí)學(xué)生)attendingtoday’suniversities,farlessthanhalfwill3.Howcanthatbe?Thesearesupposedtobeourbeststudents.4,gettingintocollegeisnotenoughtoguaranteegraduation.Thegreatestchallengesstudentswillfaceoftendon’t5intheclassroom.Theymustfindtimeto6whilehandlingrelationships,moneyproblems,andparties.Mystudentsconsistentlygetintotopuniversitiesand7whattheystart.TheyoftenpointtoouryearlyShakespeareproductionasakeytotheir8.Theysaythattheyeartheyspent9aplaytaughtthemmuchmorethanShakespeare.Thekidsovercamechallenges,10problems,andtookrisks.Theyexploredthethemesoftheplayand11themtotheirlives.Theyanalyzed,dissected(剖析),toredown,andthenbuiltaplaythat12theirviewoftheworldand,13,themselves.Theygotbetterwitheachdayofrehearsal(排練).Theydidallthesethings14studyingmanyothersubjectsandbeinggoodfriendsandfamilymembers.Considerteachingstudentshowtomanage15throughalong-termproject—itwill16students.Ifachildhasplantedagarden,helearnsthatpartofeachdaymustbespentworkingto17histask.Therewillbe18.TheremaybeaSaturdaywhenhecannotgotothemovies.Suchprojectsmaynotbepartofthestandardizedtests,butthatiswhytheyareneededmorethanever.Toooftenwefocusonthe19.Withproject-basedlearning,studentsbegintoseethatthejourneyisfarmore20thanthedestination.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀本文是議論文。作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生在完成任務(wù)的過(guò)程中發(fā)展能力，應(yīng)該更看重過(guò)程而不是結(jié)果，這樣有利于學(xué)生的長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展。1.A.eagerB.unableC.proudD.afraid2.A.terribleB.obviousC.simpleD.familiar3.A.insistB.researchC.returnD.graduate4.A.OccasionallyB.StrangelyC.ClearlyD.Naturally5.A.stopB.varyC.spreadD.lie6.A.exerciseB.workC.studyD.volunteer7.A.likeB.finishC.valueD.continue8.A.funB.luckC.successD.progress9.A.appreciatingB.producingC.viewingD.reading10.A.solvedB.sharedC.presentedD.ignored11.A.appliedB.addedC.devotedD.contributed12.A.comparedB.changedC.challengedD.confirmed13.A.eventuallyB.fortunatelyC.completelyD.interestingly14.A.untilB.whileC.eventhoughD.asif15.A.riskB.moneyC.timeD.emergency16.A.protectB.benefitC.entertainD.encourage17.A.planB.acceptC.completeD.establish18.A.mistakesB.sacrificesC.attemptsD.decisions19.A.resultB.processC.pleasureD.wealth20.A.adventurousB.amusingC.difficultD.important答案:1.解析：B根據(jù)下文提到的很多大學(xué)生畢不了業(yè)可知，此處是說(shuō)，很多年輕人“不能(unable)”堅(jiān)持到底。2.解析：A見(jiàn)下題解析。3.解析：D被譽(yù)為天之驕子的大學(xué)生竟然有半數(shù)以上無(wú)法“畢業(yè)(graduate)”，這個(gè)事實(shí)太“可怕(terrible)”。4.解析：C“很顯然(Clearly)”，上了大學(xué)不一定能保證畢業(yè)。5.解析：D見(jiàn)下題解析。6.解析：C他們遇到的挑戰(zhàn)不“在(lie)”教室里，而在于如何協(xié)調(diào)“學(xué)習(xí)(study)”與其他活動(dòng)的關(guān)系。7.解析：B作者的學(xué)生考入頂尖大學(xué)并能做到從一而“終(finish)”，即畢業(yè)。8.解析：C從上文的topuniversities及倒數(shù)第三段可知，作者的學(xué)生很“成功(success)”。9.解析：B他們把成功歸功于每年“創(chuàng)作(producing)”莎翁戲劇。上文的production是提示。10.解析：A根據(jù)overcamechallenges可知，此處指他們“解決(solved)”遇到的問(wèn)題。11.解析：A根據(jù)下文的viewoftheworld可知，學(xué)生們?cè)趧?chuàng)作過(guò)程中把戲劇的主題“運(yùn)用(applied)”于自己的生活。12.解析：B見(jiàn)下題解析。13.解析：A在創(chuàng)作過(guò)程中他們的世界觀得到“改變(changed)”，“最后(eventually)”人生觀也隨之改變。14.解析：B根據(jù)下段所舉的例子可知，他們很會(huì)管理自己的時(shí)間，在做這些事情的同時(shí)，其他事情也處理好了。while表示“在此期間”。15.解析：C根據(jù)下文所舉的例子中協(xié)調(diào)自己的任務(wù)與其他事情的關(guān)系可知，這里指讓孩子們學(xué)會(huì)管理“時(shí)間(time)”。16.解析：B讓孩子們通過(guò)做長(zhǎng)期的任務(wù)來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)管理時(shí)間，他們無(wú)疑是會(huì)從中“受益(benefit)”的。17.解析：C見(jiàn)下題解析。18.解析：B由下文的“TheremaybeaSaturdaywhenhecannotgotothemovies”可知，他每天得留出一些時(shí)間“完成(complete)”自己的任務(wù)，有時(shí)不得不作出一些“犧牲(sacrific