Lesson51

RewardforVirtue【Newwordsandexpressions】（10）reward n.報償virtue n.美德diet n.節食forbid v.禁止hurriedly adv.匆忙地embarrass v.使尷尬guiltily adv.內疚地strict adj.嚴格的reward v.給獎賞occasionally adv.偶爾地★rewardn.報償；v.給獎賞givesb.reward給……報償rewardsb.withsth.用……獎賞...rewardsb.forsth.因為……給某人獎賞…rewardhimforthefirstprize★virtuen.美德strongpointsn.長處，meritn.優點shortpointsn.短處，weakpoints弱點★dietn.節食goonadiet=beonadiet實行節食★forbid（forbade，forbidden）v.禁止forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事ForbiddenCity紫禁城(被禁止的城市)；Forbiddenfruit禁果★embarrassv.使尷尬sth.embarrasssb.……讓……感到尷尬Youembarrassedme.你讓我感到尷尬embarrassingadj.令人尷尬；embarrassedadj.感到尷尬embarrassmentn.尷尬Tomyembarrassment…讓我感到尷尬的是……★guiltilyadv.內疚地guiltilyconscience問心有愧clearconscience問心無愧★strictadj.嚴格的bestrictwithsb.對某人嚴格Myfatherisstrictwithme.bestrictinsth.對……嚴格★occasionallyadv.偶而地ontheoccasion偶爾sometimes偶爾attimes偶爾offandon偶爾nowandagain偶爾【課文講解】1、Myfriend,Hugh,hasalwaysbeenfat,butthingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.things（要用復數形式）可以表示“情況，情形，狀況，形勢”等含義：You’resurelymadethingsworse.Howarethingsgoingonwithyou?get作不及物動詞時可以表示“變得”：IgotinterestedinFrench.diet用于表示治療某種疾病或調節體重的“特種飲食”、“規定飲食”時通常與on連用：Thedoctorputhimonastrictdiet.醫生讓他嚴格控制飲食。IoncewentonadietforaweekandthenIgaveup.2、Firstofall,hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.firstofall首先,首要(許多事情中首要的,即最重要的)FirstofallImustseeyourpassport.atfirst首先（句型atfirst…,then…起先……然后……)writeout寫出，（正式）寫，全部寫出Youshouldweriteoutareport.3、ThelistincludedmostofthethingsHughloves:butter,potatoes,rice,beer,milk,chocolate;andsweets.mostof…大部分……include和contain都有“包含”的意思，但contain可以用于表示所包含的全部事物；include則只表示其中的一部分。contain一定是容器里面裝，include則含義更廣，在這里不能用contain。Itincludedthreebagsofsweets.Doesthebillincludeatip?We’reincludingyouinourteam.4、YesterdayIpaidhimavisit.paysb.avisit拜訪某人payavisittosb./someplace拜訪某人/某地.callupsb./atsomeplace拜訪某人/某地haveavisit＝visit5、IrangthebellandwasnotsurprisedtoseethatHughwasstillasfatasever.as…asever像往常一樣，照舊，依然ascleanasever；asquietaseverbesurprisedtodosth./besurprisedatsth.6、Ho(進門)；showsb.out(出門)；seesb.off(送行)7、Itwasobviousthathewasveryembarrassed.obviously<adv.>＝itwasobviousthat…(it為形式主語)顯然……【Keystructures】一般過去時與一般過去時常用的兩個詞是once和recently，recently在表示“最近一段時期”時也可以與現在完成時連用。一般過去時可以用于時間狀語從句中，一般過去時可以用于與最近的打算比較時。【Specialdifficulties】RaiseandRise.raise作動詞時只能作及物動詞，即它必須跟賓語。它可以表示“舉起，往上提，使……升高”等含義：Willthosewhoagreewithmepleaseraisetheirhands?Whydidtheyraiseprices?Heavyrainshaveraisedtheleveloftheriverthisyear.rise作動詞時通常為不及物動詞，表示“起立，起床，（日、月等）升起”等含義：You’restillinbedandthesunhasalreadyrisen!Allthestudentsrosewhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.LayandLie.lay（laid，laid）vt.擱，鋪，準備Ilaidyourclothesonthebedsoyoucouldputthemaway.Ifyoucan’tcookthedinner,youcanatleastlaythetable.lie（lay，lain）vi.躺，平臥Areyougoingtospendthewholemorninglyinginbed?BeatandWin.beatvt.打敗，戰勝，勝過，超過Theybeattheirenemy,thoughtheywerefewerinnumber.Ibeatyou.我打敗了你。