選修6Unit5ThePowerofNatureI.單元基礎知識1.核心單詞(1)_________adj．貴重的；珍貴的(2)_________vt．保證；擔保(3)_________n．潛在性；可能性；潛能adj.可能的；潛在的(4)_________n．欣賞；感激(5)_________n．小說家→________n．小說(6)_________adj．憂慮的；不安的→_________n．擔心；焦慮；渴望(7)_________adj．多種多樣的；不同的→_________n．多種多樣；多樣性(8)_________n．信服；說服→________v．說服(9)_________vi．洗澡；游泳→________n．沐浴(10)absoluteadj．(11)uncomfortableadj．(12)appointvt．(13)unconsciousadj．(14)tremblevi./n．(15)panic(panicked，panicked)vi.&vt．2.高頻短語(1)________前往(2)________努力/________不遺余力(3)________在遠方(4)________由……到……不等(5)take...bysurprise__________(6)burntotheground_________(7)glancethrough__________(8)compare...with___________3.重點句型(1)I___________________suddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.我剛要睡，突然我的臥室亮如白晝。(2)Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy，but___________________，Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.另外兩人爬下火山口去收集供日后研究用的巖漿，我是第一次經歷這樣的事，所以留在山頂上觀察他們。(3)___________________thisboy，whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion，isthefatheroftheManchupeople.據說這個男孩子就是滿族人的祖先，他具有語言天賦和很強的說服力。(4)_____________________________________，Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.收集和評估了這些信息之后，我就幫助其他科學家來預測熔巖接著將往何處流去，流速是多少。(5)______therareanimals______cranes,blackbears,leopardsandSiberiantigers.珍稀動物中有白鶴，黑熊，豹子和東北虎。II.考點精析及演練1.appointvt.任命；委任；安排，確定(時間、地點)[短語集錦]appointsb.(as/tobe)...任命某人為……appointdosth.委派某人做某事haveanappointmentwithsb.與某人有約byappointment按照約定makeanappointmentwithsb.與某人預約/約會[用法檢測](1)ThePrimeMinisterhasappointed______acivilianthedefenceminister.(2)Ihavemadeanappointment______DoctorSmith.(3)AmieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurse______(appoint)toguardher.2.evaluatevt.評估；評價；估計evaluationn．評估；評價[同義表達]evaluate，assess，value[常見用法]evaluatesb./sth.評估/評價某人/某事evaluatevalue/importance/quality評估價值/重要性/質量[用法檢測]Thedoctorevaluatedthepatient’sconditionandthenhedecidedtotryanewdrug.(1)___________________________________________________________(用“after＋doing”結構改寫句子)(2)___________________________________________________________(用分詞作狀語改寫句子)3.suitv.適合；(使)適宜；n.訴訟；懇求；套裝[同義表達]suitable，fit，suited，appropriate[常見用法]suitsb.使某物適合某人suitone’sneeds適合某人的需要besuitedto/for適合于……；適宜于……besuitablefor適合于……besuitabletodosth.適合做……asuitofclothes一套衣服[易混辨析]match，suit，fitmatch多指大小、色調、形狀、性質等方面的搭配。也指在能力、水平上“與……相配”suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、條件、地位、時間等。fit多指大小、形狀合適，引申為“吻合，協調”。[用法檢測]用match，suit，fit的適當形式填空Thesizeoftheshirt____mewellanditscolor____mytie，soit____me.4.guaranteevt.保證；擔保；n.保證；擔保；保修單[同義表達]guarantee,promise,ensure,assure[常見用法]guaranteesb.sth.保證某人某事guaranteetodosth.保證去做某事beguaranteedtodo...肯定會……underguarantee在保修期內givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人擔保……[用法檢測]我們保證在一周內將貨物送到。(一句多譯)(1)____________________________________________________(v．guarantee)(2)_________________________________________________(beguaranteedto)(3)____________________________________________________(n．guarantee)5.panicn．驚慌；恐慌vi.(十分)恐慌；驚慌vt.使恐慌(panicked;panicked;panicking)[常見用法]odoingsth.使某人因驚慌做某事inpanic驚慌地panicover/about/at...對……驚慌getintoapanic驚慌失措inastateofpanic處于驚慌狀態[典例助記]①Shegotintoapanicwhenshethoughtshe'dforgottenthetickets.她想起忘記帶入場券，頓時驚慌起來。②Thecrowdpanickedatthesoundoftheexplosion.爆炸聲一響，人群便驚慌起來。③Thebankswerepanickedintosellingsterling.銀行因恐慌而拋售英國貨幣.6.makeone’sway前往；到……地方去；(在事業上)有所起步[短語集錦]makeone’swayto朝……走去feelone’sway摸索著前進fightone’sway奮斗著前進windone’sway蜿蜒前進forceone’sway擠出去mendone'sway改邪歸正[用法檢測](1)Therewasnolight，sowehadto______ourwayinthedark.(2)Shegradually______herwaytothetopofthecompany.(3)Thebusis______itswayupthemountain.7.effortn．努力[短語集錦]makeanefforttodosth.盡力做某事makeagreat/everyefforttodosth.盡力做某事sparenoeffort/effortstodosth.不遺余力做某事dosth.withouteffort毫不費力地做某事dosth.with(an)effort費力地做某事[典例助記]①Allmyeffortswerefruitless.我所有的努力都白費了。②Ifyougiveustheagency,wewillsparenoefforttofurtheryourinterests.如果貴方給予我們代理權，我們將不遺余力為貴方爭取利益。③Hewonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestwithoutmucheffort.他沒費多少勁就獲得了演講比賽一等獎。8.aliveadj.活著的；活潑的；有生氣的[易混辨析]alive,living,live,livelyalive作表語、后置定語或賓語補足語，既可指人，也可指物living作表語或定語，修飾人或物;“存世的，健在的”live作定語，意為“活的；現場直播的”lively作定語或表語，意為“活潑的；活躍的；熱鬧的”，可指人或物[用法檢測](1)Airiseverywhereanditgiveslifetoevery_____thing.(2)Thefoodhegotcouldbarelykeephim______.(3)Hehadastrangewaytomakehisclass____andinteresting.(4)Theboylooked____,buthisweakbreathsuggestedthathewasstill____.A.died;aliveB.died;livingC.dead;aliveD.dead;lively9.Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion，isthefatheroftheManchupeople.據說這個男孩就是滿族人的祖先，他具有語言天賦和很強的說服力。[結構集錦]Itissaidthat...據說……Itissupposedthat...據猜測……Itisthoughtthat...大家認為……Itisbelievedthat...人們相信……Itishopedthat...人們希望……Itisreportedthat...據報道……Itiswell-knownthat...眾所周知……（Asisknowntoall/Aseveryoneknows,）注：上述結構可改為Sb./said/thought/believed/hoped...todo/tobedoing/tohavedone，根據動詞不定式和said動作之間的時間關系來斷定使用不定式的一般式、進行式還是完成式。[用法檢測]同義句改寫(用he作主語改寫下列句子)Itissupposedthatheisworkinginthatbigcompany._____________________________________________________Itissaidthathehaswrittenanewbookaboutworkers._____________________________________________________Itisthoughtthatheoftenhelpsthepeopleinneed._____________________________________________________III.語法:動詞-ing(v-ing)[品句歸納]觀察下列句子，注意v-ing的用法：(1)It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水難收。(2)Comingoutofmyhouse,Isawthevolcanoerupting.(3)Thefallingleavesindicatethatourpreyisonthetree.v-ing形式在英語中有兩種稱呼，分別為①______(如Knowingisimportant.)和②______(如thefallingleave)。v-ing可以在句中充當除③______外的所有成分。句(1)中充當④_____,句(2)中充當⑤______,句(3)中充當⑥______。[具體用法](一)成分分析1.作主語：此時的-ing是動名詞，看成單數，常用it作形式主語，把v-ing放于句末。常見句型有：Itbeawaste+;Itbenogood/use+;Therebenosensein+;Therebenopointin+2.作賓語：此時的為動名詞，常出現在某些不能用不定式作賓語的動詞后。如：enjoy,advise,admit,appreciate,forbid,feellike,beaccustomedto等后。Ican’timagineworkingoutdoorsinsuchacoldday.3.作定語：此時的既可以是動名詞，也可以是現在分詞。但動名詞表示該名詞的用途或有關的動作；而現在分詞作定語則用于說明所修飾名詞正在進行的動作。如diningroom(動名詞)awaitingroom(動名詞)awaitingman(現在分詞)4.作表語：此時的既可以是動名詞，也可以是現在分詞。動名詞作表語是對主語內容的解釋，這時主語與表語位置可以互換；現在分詞作表語，表明的是主語的性質與特征，主語與表語的位置不能互換。Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic.(動名詞作表語)=Playingallkindsofmusicisourjob.Themusictheyareplayingsoundsexciting.(現在分詞作表語)5.作賓語補足語：此時的是現在分詞，主要用于以下兩類動詞后構成賓語補足語。感官動詞，如：see,hear,feel,smell,watch,find,notice等。Ifeltsomeonepattingontheshoulder.使役動詞，如have，keep,leave等。Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitinglong.Theyoungmotherleftherbabycrying.6.作狀語：此時的是現在分詞。-ing形式作狀語，可以表示時間、原因、結果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀語等。NotknowingChinese,hecouldn’tunderstandthefilm.(原因狀語)Thechildrenwentintotheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.(伴隨狀語)注：分詞（短語）作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致，如果不一致，必須用獨立主格結構來表示，也就是在分詞前面加上它自己的主語。Findinghercarstolen,shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp.(分詞作狀語)Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.(獨立主格)（二）-ing形式的完成式1.主動：Having+過去分詞……，主語+謂語。Havingansweredtheletter,shewentontoreadanEnglishnovel.-ing形式的完成式所表示的動作發生在句子中謂語動詞所表示的動作之前。2.被動：（Havingbeen）+過去分詞……，主語+謂語。Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.-ing的完成被動式所表示的動作與邏輯主語之間是被動關系，發生在句中謂語動詞所表示的動作之前。[用法檢測]用動詞的v-ing形式改寫下列句子AsIcameoutofmyhouse，Isawthevolcanoerupting.→________________，Isawthevolcanoerupting.(2)Shesatatthedeskandreadanewspaper.→Shesatatthedesk_________________.(3)AsIhadneverseenavolcanoeruptingbefore，Iwasveryexcited.→_________________________________，Iwasveryexcited.(4)Itrainedheavilysothatitcausedseverefloodinginthearea.→Itrainedheavily，________________________________.IV.單元話題作文你將參加國際中學生環境論壇，就霧霾天氣(fogandhazeweather)這一問題發表演講。請你用英語寫一篇100詞左右的發言稿。要點包括：1．描述霧霾(fogandhaze)對人們的身體和生活造成的不良影響；2．建議民眾和政府分別采取具體行動來維護空氣質量。

參考答案I.單元基礎知識1.核心單詞(1)precious(2)guarantee(3)potential(4)appreciation(5)novelist;novel(6)anxious;anxiety(7)diverse;diversity(8)persuasion;persuade(9)bathe;bath(10)絕對的；完全的(11)不舒服的；不舒適的(12)任命；委派(13)失去知覺的(14)搖晃；顫抖(15)驚慌2.高頻短語(1)makeone’swayto(2)makeaneffort/sparenoeffort(3)inthedistance(4)varyfrom...to...(5)出其不意地攻占/俘獲；使措手不及(6)全部焚毀(7)匆匆看一遍(8)與……比較3.重點句型(1)wasabouttogobacktosleepwhen(2)thisbeingmyfirstexperience(3)Itissaidthat(4)Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation(5)Among;areII.考點精析及演練1.(1)as/tobe(2)with(3)appointed2.(1)Afterevaluatingthepatient’scondition，thedoctordecidedtotryanewdrug.(2)Havingevaluatedthepatient’scondition，thedoctordecidedtotryanewdrug.3.fits;matches;suits4.(1)Weguaranteetodeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(2)Weareguaranteedtodeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(3)Wegiveaguaranteethatwewilldeliverthegoodsinoneweek.6.(1)feel(2)fought(3)winding8.(1)living(2)alive(3)lively(4)C。句意：男孩看起來死了，但微弱的呼吸表明他還活著。look在此為連系動詞，“看起來”，后接形容詞作表語，用dead；第二空表明“有氣兒；活著”，可用alive/living,綜合二者答案為C。9.(1)Heissupposedtobeworkinginthatbigcompany.(2)Heissaidtohavewrittenanewbookaboutworkers.(3)Heisoftenthoughtto