時事熱點-閱讀理解（3）脫貧攻堅閱讀原文11Poverty(貧困)isabigproblemaroundtheworld.ButChinahasdoneagoodjobofdealingwithitandithasfounditsownwaytofightpoverty.Insteadofjustgivingmoneytopoorpeople,ithastriedtoeducatepeopleandgivethemthetoolstheyneedtoliftthemselvesoutofpoverty.Ordinary(普通的)peopleplayabigroleinthefight.Herearetwoofthem.ZhangGuimeihasbeenhelpinggirlspursue(追求)educationsinceshetraveledtoYunnanattheageof17.Asateacher,Zhangwasheartbrokenwhenshesawherstudentsquitschoolafterfinishingseniorhighschool.Theycouldn’tgotocollegebecausetheirfamiliescouldn’taffordit.Soin2008,Zhangstartedafreeschoolforpoorgirls.Sincethen,Zhanghasbeenbusyaskingfordonationstoprovidemoneyfortheschool.Shehasconvincedparentstosendtheirdaughtersbacktoschool.Theschoolhassentmorethan1,800studentstouniversitiesandcolleges.WhenMaoXianglinstartedtoworkasthePartysecretaryofhisvillage,therewasonlyonepathwayoutofthevillageformanyyears.Heledmorethan100villagerstobuildaroadwiththeirhands.Ittookthemsevenyearstobuildaneight-kilometerroad.Maothenencouragedthevillagerstogroworanges.Lastyear,theirorangeyield(產量)wasnearly40tons.Youngpeoplehavereturnedtothevillagetosellorangesonline.Bytheendof2019,269villagershadbeenliftedoutofpoverty.Thepercapitalincome(人均收入)reached12,670yuan,40timesmorethaninthe1990s.Overthelasteightyears,98.99millionruralpeoplehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty.The832counties(縣)and128,000villageswhichthesepeopleliveinarenolongerinpoverty.Chinahasbeenresponsibleforreducing70percentofpovertyworld-widesincethelate1970s.精講解析11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“convinced”meaninParagraph2?A．說服 B．允許 C．解釋 D．提醒1．詞義猜測題。根據“Theycouldn’tgotocollegebecausetheirfamiliescouldn’taffordit.Soin2008,Zhangstartedafreeschoolforpoorgirls.”及“Shehasconvincedparentstosendtheirdaughtersbacktoschool”可知，這些家庭無法負擔女孩們去上學，所以創辦了免費的學校之后，張桂梅說服這些女孩的家長送她們返回學校，所以劃線單詞表示“說服”，故選A。本文介紹了中國在脫貧攻堅戰中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開辦免費學校；毛相林帶領100多名村民用手修路致富。精講解析12．WhatdoyouknowaboutMaoXianglinaccordingtothetext?A．Heworksasateacherinthevillage. B．Heencouragedthevillagerstoselloranges.C．Hedidtwothingstohelpthevillagers. D．Heledvillagerstobuildaroadwithsometools.2．細節理解題。根據“Heledmorethan100villagerstobuildaroadwiththeirhands…Maothenencouragedthevillagerstogroworanges”可知，毛相林為村民們做了兩件事，一件是帶領村民修路，另一件是鼓勵村民們種橘子，故選C。本文介紹了中國在脫貧攻堅戰中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開辦免費學校；毛相林帶領100多名村民用手修路致富。精講解析13．篇章結構題。根據整個文章的理解可知，第一段主要是總體指出中國在脫貧攻堅方面取得的成就；第二、三段分別舉例張桂梅和毛相林的事例；第四段再次總結脫貧方面取得的成績，故選B。本文介紹了中國在脫貧攻堅戰中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開辦免費學校；毛相林帶領100多名村民用手修路致富。3．What’stherightstructure(結構)ofthetext?（①=Paragraph1)精講解析14．Whatisthepurposeofusingthenumbersinthelastparagraph?A．Topraisethespiritofmodelworkers.B．Toshowgreatachievementsagainstpoverty.C．Tospreadthewaysoffightingagainstpoverty.D．Todescribetheexperiencesoflightingagainstpoverty.4．推理判斷題。根據“Overthelasteightyears,98.99millionruralpeoplehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty…Chinahasbeenresponsibleforreducing70percentofpovertyworld-widesincethelate1970s”可知，使用列數字的方式是為了說明中國在脫貧道路上取得的成績，故選B。本文介紹了中國在脫貧攻堅戰中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開辦免費學校；毛相林帶領100多名村民用手修路致富。精講解析15．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Theteacherhelpedthepoorareasoutofpovertybygivingmaterials.B．Thepercapitalincomeinthevillagewasmorethan￥500inthe1990s.C．Theyoungpeoplewhostayedinthevillagegreworangesinthepast.D．ZhangGuimeihasbeenhelpinggirlspursueeducationforover40years.5．推理判斷題。根據“ZhangGuimeihasbeenhelpinggirlspursue(追求)educationsinceshetraveledtoYunnanattheageof17”可知，她從17歲開始就幫助女孩們接受教育，結合常識可知張桂梅64歲，所以說她幫助女孩們接受教育已經40多年了，故選D。本文介紹了中國在脫貧攻堅戰中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開辦免費學校；毛相林帶領100多名村民用手修路致富。閱讀原文22ShashiyuwasonceapoorvillageinHebeiProvince,butnowithaschangedintoarichandlivableplace.Inthe1940s,villagersinShashiyuhadlittlefoodandfewclothes,buttheyhadastrongwishforabetterlife.ZhangGuishun,thePartysecretaryofShashiyu,encouragedhisvillagerstodotheirbesttopullthemselvesoutofpoverty.“IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan’twe?Nobodywasborntobepoor?”Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中國共產黨),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to1971,theyreclaimed(開墾)lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.However,thevillageencounteredanewproblemtwodecadeslaterastheenvironmentbecameheavilypollutedbychemicalplantsandminerefineriesbuiltin1990s.Thepollutingfactorieswereshutdownin2004,andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.In2009,thecity-levelgovernmentinvestedover1millionyuan($152,723)tochangethevillage’sexhibitionhallintoamuseuminmemoryofdevelopmenteffortsmadebyearliergenerations.After10years,thevillagewascalled“NationalForestVillage”.Zhangsaidthatthevillagestartedayearlytourismfestivalin2015toattracttravelerstopickgrapes.“ThegrapescouldbesoldatabetterpriceonceShashiyubecomesfamousthroughthisfestival.Ourvillagerscanthenliveevenbetterlives,”hesaid.精講解析21．WhydidZhangGuishunusethestoryofYuGongtoencouragethevillagers?A．BecauseYuGonghadstrongwillandhardwork.B．BecauseYuGongwasbornpoortoo.C．BecausethevillagersworshipedYuGong.D．BecauseYuGongbecamerichatlast.1．細節理解題。根據文章第二段倒數兩句““IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan’twe?Nobodywasborntobepoor?”Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.”可知，張貴順用愚公的故事來激勵村民是因為愚公意志堅強，工作努力。故選A。本文主要記敘了河北省的一個貧困村——沙市峪在中國共產黨脫貧攻堅的正確領導下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發生了翻天覆地的變化的故事。精講解析22．From1966to1971,whatdidthevillagersdotoimprovetheirlivingsituation?________A．Theyplantedgrapestoearnmoney.B．Theycarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagetoimprovetheirlands.C．Theymovedtoanotherplacetoliveabetterlife.D．Theybuiltalotoffactories.2．細節理解題。根據文章第三段第一句“LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中國共產黨),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.”可知，從1966年到1971年，村民們把水和土壤運到他們的村莊改善土地來改善他們的生活狀況。故選B。本文主要記敘了河北省的一個貧困村——沙市峪在中國共產黨脫貧攻堅的正確領導下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發生了翻天覆地的變化的故事。精講解析23．推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中國共產黨),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to1971,theyreclaimed(開墾)lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.””及第五段“andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.”可推理出，沙石峪的村民是很勤奮的。故選A。本文主要記敘了河北省的一個貧困村——沙市峪在中國共產黨脫貧攻堅的正確領導下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發生了翻天覆地的變化的故事。3．Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethevillagers?________A．Hard-working. B．Lazy. C．Kind-hearted. D．Stupid.精講解析14．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?________A．Inastorybook.B．Inasportsmagazine.C．Inanewspaper.D．Inasciencebook.4．推理判斷題。短文主要記敘了河北省的一個貧困村——沙市峪在中國共產黨脫貧攻堅的正確領導下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發生了翻天覆地的變化的故事，這是一篇新聞報道，故推理出，你可能在報紙上讀到這篇文章。故選C。本文主要記敘了河北省的一個貧困村——沙市峪在中國共產黨脫貧攻堅的正確領導下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發生了翻天覆地的變化的故事。閱讀原文13Aboutthreehours’drivetothesouthfromChangsha,Hunan,thereisasmall,unknownvillagecalledBaiyun.That’swhereQinYuefeiworksandlives.BorninChongqingin1985.Qinhasbeenknownasagiftedboysincehischildhood.WhenhegraduatedfromYalein2011,hegaveupfindingawell-paidjobinbigcities.Toeveryone’ssurprise,hetooktheexamheldbythelocalgovernmentandbecameavillageofficialinHejiashanVillage.Hismonthlypaywasonly1,450yuan.Inthefollowingthreeyears,Qinfitintothelocallifeandwonthetrustofthevillagers.Hemanagedtoraisemoneyandhelpedthevillagerstoimprovetheirlivingconditions.“Butit’snotenough.WhenIleavethevillage,therewillbenomoremoneyraisedandeverythingwillstaythesame.”Qinsaid.Sowhenfacingachanceofpromotion(提升)in2014,hegaveitupandwenttoworkasavillageofficialinanothervillage,Baiyun.Hedecidedtotryhisbesttomakerealchangesinthecountryside.WhenworkinginBaiyunVillage,hestartedaprojectcalledServeforChinatoencourageyoungtalentstostartbusinessesandprovidepublicservicesinthecountryside.Itattracted(吸引)morethan30youngpeoplewhograduatedfromfamouscolleges.Theyhelpedthevillagersusethelocalresources(資源)tomakesomewonderfulproducts.Besidesthat,theyalsohelpedtoselltheseproductsonline.“Thesuccessofthebusinesswillattractyoungpeopleofthevillagetoreturntotheirhometownandworkforthevillage”,saidQin.Qin’stermofserviceinBaiyunVillagewasuptwoyearsago,buthechosetostaybecausethethinghereallywantedtodojuststarted.精講解析31．WasQinYuefeiborninHunan?______________________________________________________________________1．根據“BorninChongqingin1985.”可知，秦玥飛出生在重慶而不是湖南。故填No./No,hewasn’t.本文主要講述了秦玥飛放棄高薪回村扶貧的事跡。精講解析32．HowlongdidQinYuefeiworkinHejiashanVillage?_______________________________________________________________________2．根據“WhenhegraduatedfromYalein2011...becameavillageofficialinHejiashanVillage.”以及“Sowhenfacingachanceofpromotion(提升)in2014,hegaveitupandwenttoworkasavillageofficialinanothervillage,Baiyun.”可知，他在賀家山村工作了3年，故填Threeyears.本文主要講述了秦玥飛放棄高薪回村扶貧的事跡。精講解析33．根據“hestartedaprojectcalledServeforChinatoencourageyoungtalentstostartbusinessesandprovidepublicservicesinthecountryside...Theyhelpedthevillagersusethelocalresources(資源)tomakesomewonderfulproducts.”可知，他啟動了一個名為“為中國服務”的項目，以鼓勵年輕人才在農村創業和提供公共服務。它吸引了30多名從名牌大學畢業的年輕人。他們幫助村民們利用當地的資源制作了一些精美的產品，故填Theyhelpedthevillagersusethelocalresourcestomakesomewonderfulproducts.本文主要講述了秦玥飛放棄高薪回村扶貧的事跡。3．WhatdidtheyoungtalentsdotohelpthepeopleinBaiyunVillage?_______________________________________________________________________精講解析34．Inyouropinion,shouldQinYuefeiworkinthecountrysideorfindawell-paidjobinabigcity?Why?_______________________________________________________________________4．本題是主觀題，兩個觀點根據自己的想法選擇即可，并說明理由，故填Ithinkheshouldworkinthecountryside.Becausehehasachievedhisself-worthandservedsocietyinhisway./Ithinkheshouldfindawell-paidinbigcities.Becauseifhegetsawell-paidjobinabigcity,hecanhavemoregoodchancestomakeuseofwhathelearnt.Hecanliveabetterlife.(答案不唯一，僅供參考)本文主要講述了秦玥飛放棄高薪回村扶貧的事跡。閱讀原文44HaveyouseenthehitTVseriesMinningTown（《山海情》）?IttellsthestoryofpeoplewhomovefrommountainsinNingxiatobuildnewhomesontheplains（平原）inthe1990s.TheylearntogrowmushroomsfromexpertsfromFujian.SomeofthemgotoFujianfactoriestomakemoney.Intheend,theygetridofpoverty（貧困）.Theshowisbasedonatruestory.ItisagoodexampleofChina’s“pair-up”practice.In1997,FujianandNingxiapairedupaspartnerstofightagainstpoverty.ThenameMinningcomesfromtheshortnicknamesforFujian(Min)andNingxia(Ning).Sincetheworkstarted,Fujianhassent183officialsandaround2,000expertsinscienceandtechnology,education,andmedicalcaretoNingxia,accordingtothelocalgovermment.ThepopulationofMinninggrewfrom8,000to66,000.In2020,theyearlydisposable（可支配的）incomeofitspeoplereachednearly15,000yuan.Povertyisabigproblemaroundtheworld.ButChinahasdoneagoodjobofdealingwithit.Chinahasfounditsownwaytofightagainstpoverty.Insteadofjustgivingmoneytopoorpeople,ithastriedtoeducatepeopleandgivethemthetoolstheyneedtoliftthemselvesoutofpoverty.MinningTowniswithoutdoubtagoodexampleofit.精講解析41．IsthestoryofMinningTownatrueoneoramade-upone?_____________________________________________.1．根據第二段“Theshowisbasedonatruestory”可知，這是一個真實的故事。是肯定回答。故填Yes,it’satruestory。本文講述《山海情》所反映的閔寧鎮脫貧致富的真實故事，講述中國通過教育人們并給予他們需要的工具讓他們擺脫貧窮的社會現實。精講解析42．HowdidthepeopleinMinninggetridofpoverty?Theygetridofpoverty_____________________________.2．根據“How”可知表達用“by+doing”的結構表達方式。根據第一段“The