1、 Lesson 20 One man in a boat1.What is your favourite pastime?sportsreadingHitch-hikingmountaineeringsurfingsingingdancingbikingmoviespainting2.How much time do you usually spend on your pastime every week? 3.Are you good at it? How?4.The importance of having a pastime?5、Do you think the writer is wa

2、sting his time? Why or Why not?6、Do you think the writer would like to work as a fisherman? Would you? Why or Why not? New words and expressions park v. 抓到fisherman n. 釣魚人，漁民boot n. 靴子waste n. 浪費realize v. 意識到 Questions on the text:1. What does the writer often do?2.What do some fishermen catch?3. W

3、hat does the writer catch?4. What is his friends suggestion?5.Why is fishing the writers favourite sport? He often fishes for hours without catching anything.They catch old boots and rubbish.He likes sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all.He catches nothing.(always goes home with an empty bag).T

4、hey ask me to give up fishing: “Its a waste of time.”【課文講解】 1. I often fish for hours without catching anything. . (表否定)沒有，無，不需。如：The letter was posted without a stamp. 那封信沒貼郵票就寄出去了。 我們到了那兒，一路上沒遇到任何麻煩。 We got there . 雨天外出不帶傘會淋濕的。 Youll get wet if . (用在no, not, never等否定副詞之后，強調肯定)沒有不，沒有則不能，每必定。如 The o

5、ld man cannot walk without a stick. 那位老先生離開手杖就走不了路。 without any trouble you go out in the rain without an umbrella(與-ing形式連用)不，無，沒。如：She entered the room without knocking. 她沒敲門就進了房間。我要是不懂得一點那個國家的語言，就不想到那個國家去。 I dont like to go to a country without knowing something of the language. without+賓語+動名詞 無人

6、注意，他從窗戶溜了出去。 , he slipped through the window. without+賓語+過去分詞Without another word exchanged, they started off. 沒有再交談一句，他們就出發了。 Without anyone noticing用于虛擬語氣 without有時可表示條件，引出虛擬語氣，與but for大致同義。如Without But for appropriate software, a computer would be a mere box. 如果沒有恰當的軟件，電腦只是一個空盒子罷了Without But for

7、you, our project wouldnt have succeeded. 如果沒有你的話，我們的計劃就無法成功了。2.Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. prep.代替,而不是 . 作為短語介詞，instead of 后面常跟名詞、代詞和動名詞，偶爾也跟復合結構 I made this cake specially, with brown sugar instead of white. 我特別地以紅糖代替白糖做了這個蛋糕。他們必須自己做出決定，而不是由我們來代替他們作決定。 They must make

8、 up their own minds instead of our making up their minds for them. Instead of 后面還可跟形容詞、副詞、動詞、不定式、介詞短語和從句，這時相當于連詞 Taking exercise every day makes him look younger instead of older. 每天鍛煉身體使他顯得更年輕而不是蒼老。（連接形容詞） I go to bed late instead of early.我總是很晚才睡。（連接副詞） That increased instead of decreased our cour

9、age. 這增加而不是減少了我們的勇氣。（連接動詞） He proposes to do some work instead of to watch television.他提議做些工作而不是看電視。（連接不定式） In warm weather he often reads under a tree instead of in the library. （連接介詞短語） Instead 單獨使用的時候式副詞，常用于句末。例如： Weve no coffee. Would you like tea instead. 我沒有咖啡了，喝茶行嗎？坐汽車得好幾天時間，所以我們還是改乘飛機吧。 It w

10、ill take days by car, so . 她成天打網球，而不是學習。 . lets fly insteadShe never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day3.After having spent whole morning on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.不定式和動名詞都可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語和補語。 作主語和表語時，動名詞形式表示一般的、概念性的、時常的動作，而動詞不定式常表示一時的、偶然的行為和動作。如： Being a doctor is a goo

11、d choice. 當醫生是不錯的選擇。（對任何人、任何時候而言都是這樣） To be a good doctor is my dream. 當個好醫生是我的夢想。 （對個人而言，是個別情況） (1)只可使用動名詞作賓語的動詞： enjoy, miss,practice, prefer, suggest, consider, appreciate, avoid, mind, imagine, finish, admit, deny, delay, risk等。 只跟動名詞的短語：feel like, stick to, devote to, pay attention to, be worth

12、, be busy, cant help, it is no use, be used to (習慣于), look forward to, cant stand等。 (2)只可使用不定式作賓語的動詞： wish, hope, promise, expect, pretend, want, agree, refuse, prepare, manage, persuade, afford, offer, attempt, decide等。 只跟不定式的習語：would like/love to等。 (3)既可接動名詞，又可接不定式作賓語的動詞有： start, begin, continue,

13、like, love, hate等，意思基本沒有區別。 love，like和hate接動名詞和不定式時，表示長久的、規律性的好惡用動名詞，表示一時的、個別性的好惡常用不定式。如： He hate eating fish from his childhood. 他從小就不喜歡吃魚。 I love to go driving on such a lovely afternoon. 我想在這樣一個美好的下午出去兜風。 接名詞作賓語接不定式作賓語remember記得過去發生的動作 記得將來要做的動作try 試著去做、嘗試改變努力去做某事regret對做過的事表示后悔 對要做的事表示遺憾 mean意味著

14、企圖（打算）做某事go on繼續做未完成的事情做完一件事后，接著做另一件 forget忘記以前曾做過某事 忘記去做某事 cant help禁不住做某事不能幫著做某事(4)以下動詞既可接動名詞，又可接不定式作賓語，但意思有區別。補充：need, want, require, demand, be worth等接動名詞,主動形式表被動：4“You must give up fishing!” my friend say. “Its a waste of time.”give sb. a call 給打電話give a talk 作報告give a lecture (a piano concert)

15、 作講座(舉行鋼琴音樂會)give back 歸還，送回givesome advice on 給一些忠告give lessons to 給上課give in 屈服give up 放棄give sb. a chance 給一次機會give a message to 給一個口信動名詞的一般式與完成式用法區別 動名詞的一般式所表示的動作可以與謂語動作同時發生，也沒有明確的先后關系；動名詞完成式主要表示發生在謂語動作之前的動作或狀態。如：You keep interrupting me. 你老打斷我的話。They are practising singing the new song. 他們正在練習唱

16、新歌。She regrets having abandoned the plan. 她懊悔放棄了這個計劃。Excuse me not having answered your letter before. 沒有更早回信請原諒。 1. _ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual. A Dont know B not to know C not knowing D not to be knowing 2. the next morning she found the man _in bed, dead. A lying B lie

17、 C lay D laying 3. he had his leg _in the match yesterday. A to break B broken C break D breaking 4. most of the people _ to the party were famous scientists. A invited B to invite C being invited D inviting 5. Please excuse me _ your letter by mistake. A. to open B. to have openedC. for opening D.

18、in opening6. Certainly I posted your letter I remember _ it. A. posting B. to postC. to be posting D. have posted7. They must be at home theres a light _ in the bedroom. A. to shine B. to be shiningC. shining D. having shined8. If the car wont start, _ it.A. try push B. try pushingC. to try pushing

19、D. to try to push 9. He was lucky and narrowly missed _. A. to injure B. injuringC. to be injured D. being injured10. I understand _ to discuss the matter.A. your not wanting B. not your wanting C. you not to want D. you to not want11. Dont be late. No one would like _. A. to be kept waiting B. bein

20、g kept waitingC. to be kept to wait D. being kept to wait12. He cant make himself _. His spoken English really needs _. A. understand, improving B. understood, improvingC. understand, to improve D. understood, to improve 動名詞的一般式與完成式用法區別 動名詞的一般式所表示的動作可以與謂語動作同時發生，也沒有明確的先后關系；動名詞完成式主要表示發生在謂語動作之前的動作或狀態。如

21、：You keep interrupting me. 你老打斷我的話。They are practising singing the new song. 他們正在練習唱新歌。She regrets having abandoned the plan. 她懊悔放棄了這個計劃。Excuse me not having answered your letter before. 沒有更早回信請原諒。 Retell the story:1. Fishing- favourite sport2. often - hours- anything3. some - unlucky4. Instead - fish - boots - rubbish5. I - less6. never-even-boots7. whole mornings - river - home-empty8. “give up”- frie