1、Chapter 3 Warehouse management倉儲管理倉儲管理Learning objective To understand the concept of warehousing 理解倉儲理解倉儲的概念的概念To identify basic warehousing activities 認識基本的倉認識基本的倉儲活動儲活動To understand warehouse Layout and design 認識倉認識倉庫布局和設計原則庫布局和設計原則To recognize the Warehousing Equipment 認識常見的倉庫設備認識常見的倉庫設備To ident

2、ify the various types of warehouses 認識倉庫的類型To know about distribution center （UPS） 了解配送了解配送中心中心Part I General Introduction of Warehousing 倉儲簡介倉儲簡介1. What is warehousing? Warehousing has been defined as the part of logistics systems (that store/hold products (raw materials, parts, goods-in-process, f

3、inished goods) at and between points of origin to points of consumption.) 倉儲是物流系統的一部倉儲是物流系統的一部分分商品在起源地和消費地間的存儲。商品在起源地和消費地間的存儲。 StoragePart II Warehousing activities Lead-in: 耐克物流中心出貨與包裝作業演示耐克物流中心出貨與包裝作業演示What areas are included in a warehouse? Write down what you get from the video.Some typical area

4、s mentionedReceiving area 收貨區Picking area 揀貨區Packing area 包裝區Shipping area 出貨區And what else?還包括哪一些區域呢？Reading- Matching New terms:Order pick 訂單分揀Staging 分批運輸Put away 整理 Verify 驗證，查驗Replenish 補給Consolidation 合并Administration 管理 The main activities in a warehouseMaterial receiving 收貨Put-away 整貨Storage

5、 儲存Replenishment 補給Order picking 分揀Checking 核查Packing and labeling 包裝和標志Staging & consolidation 分批運輸和合并Shipping 出貨（運輸）Material receiving 收貨Accepting 接收Unloading 卸載Verifying 驗證Documenting記錄 lift truck 叉車Put-away 整理貨物Removing 轉移Transferring 轉移Moving 移動 lift truck Storage 儲存Physical containment of merc

6、handise 貨物的實體保存Storage methods depending on 儲存方式取決于size and quantity of the items 儲存物的大小、數量Handling characteristics of products and containers 產品和集裝箱的搬運特點Replenishment 補給Relocated from storage area to a temporary area from which orders are directly filled. 從儲存區轉移到一個臨時停放區域，在那里可直接完成訂單。Order picking 分揀

7、One of the major value added activities 最主要的倉儲活動之一Picking 分揀/combineTo meet specific customer requirement 滿足顧客的具體需求Product mixing 產品組合Warehouse Management System (WMS)Case picking/broken case picking 整箱分揀/單品分揀Checking 核查Verifying 核查Documenting 記錄Packing and labeling 包裝和貼標Placingitems into an appropr

8、iate container 將物品放入合適的容器 and marking that container with customer shipping destination data as well as other handling information 并在包裝物上貼上運輸目的地和其他的搬運信息Staging and consolidation 分批運輸和合并準備(暫存區)Moving based on a prescribed instruction (related to a particular delivery route) 根據預先制定好的指示（某特定運送路線相關的），對貨物

9、進行移動Sorting of batch (picked for individual order) 按照某項訂單，以整批為單位，對所需的貨物進行揀貨和做出貨準備Shipping 出貨Loading on an outbound vehicle 裝貨上車，準備發運 content checking 再核對運輸資料 lift truck叉車 conveyors 傳送帶Administration 行政管理Part III Warehouse Layout 倉庫布局倉庫布局Straight-Thru Flow 直通式布局U-Shaped Flow U型布局Modular-spine Flow 模塊

10、流轉布局 Multi-story Layouts 多層布局Straight-thru warehousing layoutReceiving area 收貨區收貨區Storage area 儲存區儲存區Order picking area 揀貨區揀貨區Packaging area 包裝區包裝區Staging area 分批運輸和合并區分批運輸和合并區Shipping area 出貨區出貨區Office 辦公室辦公室Allows a fast flow-thru of goods 貨物的快速移動Advantage: especially suitable for operations in wh

11、ich peak receiving and shipping times coincide 適用于貨物接收和裝運時間同時發生的最忙碌的高峰期。U-shaped pattern 模塊流轉式AdvantagesFacilitating cross-docking because the receiving and shipping docks are adjacent to one another. 方便越庫作業的使用。Yields excellent security because there is a single side of the building used for the ent

12、ry and exit. 倉庫出入口位于同一邊，具有很高的安全性Cross docking 越庫作業越庫作業是指在越庫設施接收來自各家供給商的整車貨件，立即依顧客需求及交貨點加以拆解、分類、堆放，進而裝上預備好的出貨運具上，送往各顧客交貨點。最大特點所有貨物是流經倉庫或配送中心而均不進入倉庫的儲存空間。不進入倉庫的儲存空間。越庫作業非常適合于快速處理的緊急訂單，適適合于要求零售商向客戶直接運送商品的情況合于要求零售商向客戶直接運送商品的情況。越庫越庫補貨補貨常規貨物儲存常規貨物儲存 低流通速度低流通速度貨物儲存貨物儲存Low bay 低層倉儲低層倉儲 medium bay中層倉儲中層倉儲 hi

13、gh bay高層倉儲高層倉儲Each area has its special operation according to the types of products 根據貨物特點來設置不同的模塊Usually used for very large operations 適用于非常大規模的操作。Multistory layoutsMultistory distribution buildings- are necessary when land is extremely scarce. 土地資源稀缺土地資源稀缺- are the least desirable of the flow pa

14、th alternatives.Part V Design consideration in warehousing 倉儲設計上的權衡 P44 Which aspects should be considered with respect to warehouse design? 倉庫設計中應考慮哪些因素？Trade-offs with respect to warehouse design 倉儲設計上的權衡Fixed or variable slot locations? 使用固定貨位或是流動貨位 space utilization Build out or build up? 向外延展或是

15、向上延展 - costLabor-intensive or mechanization or automation? 勞力密集型或是機械化或是自動化 - costSpace devoted to aisles or space devoted to storage? 空間分配給過道或是分配給存儲區？ space utilization Picker to part or part to picker? 貨架邊揀選零部件或是零部件送到揀貨員 human and mechanized travel timePart VI Warehousing equipment 認識倉庫設備 How many

16、equipments can you recognize in the picture?Warehousing Equipment handling device 搬運設備1、 can move loads of master both horizontally and vertically and can be used with or slip sheet. 2、 are the basic handling device for order selection. 3、At an airport, rotating(流轉的) in the baggage claim(行李領取處) area

17、 are often called forklifts；conveyor belts; pallets；carousels; cartons； Warehousing Equipment handling device 搬運設備1、Forklifts can move loads of master cartons both horizontally and vertically and can be used with pallets or slip sheet. 2、Conveyers are the basic handling device for order selection. 3

18、、At an airport, rotating(流轉的) conveyors in the baggage claim(行李領取處) area are often called carouselsForklift (lift truck)叉車叉車can move loads of master cartons both horizontally and vertically 叉車可平移或垂直移動硬紙皮箱Used with pallet or slip sheet 配合托盤或薄襯紙使用Normally transport a maximum of two unit load (two pall

19、ets) at a time 一般一次最多能移動兩個載貨單元Hand pallet truck 手動托盤車Counterbalanced lift truck 平衡重式叉車Reach fork lift truck 前伸式叉車AGV (Automatic guided vehicle) 自動導引車Warehousing Equipment handling deviceConveyors 輸送帶the basic handling device for order selection 基本的搬運工具two main industrial classes of belt conveyors：兩種

20、基本的傳送帶Those in general material handling（普通貨物） such as those moving boxes along inside a factory and bulk material handling（散裝貨物） such as those used to transport large volumes of resources and agricultural materials, such as grain, salt, coal, ore, sand and more.A baggage carousel is a device, gener

21、ally at an airport, that delivers checked luggage to the passengers at the baggage claim area (行李領取處) at their final destination. Carousels 回轉傳輸帶Pick to light systems視頻：燈光揀選系統Pick by voice systems視頻:語音揀選系統Warehousing equipment storage equipmentLess than a pallet load 不到一個托盤負荷 Shelving 層架Bin drawers

22、抽屜架Pallet load 托盤貨物 ，統稱rack Pallet rack 托盤貨架Drive-in and drive-through rack 駛入式/駛出式貨架Push back rack 后推式貨架Mobile rack 流動式貨架Cantilever rack 懸臂式貨架Part VII Types of warehousesPrivate warehouse 私人倉庫Public warehouse 公共倉庫Contract warehouse 合同倉庫Comparisons-Reading P36-37Control? 對倉庫的控制權對倉庫的控制權Long-term or s

23、hort-term?Cost for the users? (fixed cost/capital cost/variable cost) 使用者需要支付的成本使用者需要支付的成本Who uses it? 使用者是誰使用者是誰Other benefits (value-added services)? 其他好處其他好處Control:Private: owned by the firms using them; more control/ absolute authority 絕對決策權Public: less control 較弱的控制權Contract: almost the same d

24、egree of control 達到與私人倉庫相近的控制程度Private Contract PublicLong-term or short-term?Private: long-termPublic: short-termContract: long-termCost for the users? Private: high fixed cost and the necessity of having high and steady demand 固定成本高，且必須要有需求量夠高且穩定的情況下才適用Public: no capital investment 不需投入資金建設Contrac

25、t: more cost-effective than private warehousing 比私人倉庫更具有經濟性 Private Contract PublicWho uses it?Private: retail chain stores（連鎖零售企業）, manufacturing firms（生產企業）Public: When retailers need additional storage spaces 當零售企業需要額外存儲空間When retailers make a large purchase 當進行大批量的采購Contract: companies who need

26、to focus on it core competencies 需要專注于發展自己的核心競爭力的企業Value-added services:Private: not mentionedPublic: standardized service plusrepackaging larger shipments into retailer-size packages 將大宗貨物重新成零售包裝product assembly 產品組裝product testing 產品測試Contract: providing unique and specially tailored services for

27、manufacturers and distributors 為制造商和流通商提供獨特的、專門的服務So. definition- Who is who?Definition-Types of public warehousesGeneral merchandise warehouse 普通商品倉庫Refrigerated warehouse 冷藏倉庫Special commodity warehouse 特殊商品倉庫 (for certain agricultural products)Bonded warehouse 保稅倉庫Bulk cargo warehouse 大宗散貨倉庫Part

28、III Distribution centerWhat is distribution center?A large-sized, highly computerized and automated center 大型的高度自動化中心To receive goods from various plants and suppliers, 接收大量不同供應商的貨物Take orders, 接收訂單And fill them efficiently, 高效地履行訂單Deliver goods to customers as quickly as possible 以最快速度配送貨物- emphasi

29、zing on goods moving rather than storageValue-added activities tailor-made and customized service 客戶定制化服務 consolidation of shipments (TL) cross-docking 越庫作業 packaging 包裝 final assembly 總裝 sub-assembly 次級裝配 kitting 成套裝配 labeling 貼標簽Case: UPS World port -Mega factory UPS 世界港1. Main activities?2. Layout?3. How did a sorting system operate?4. What is UPSs goal?5. What kind of information te