1、鳳州中學鳳州中學形容詞和副詞的用法形容詞和副詞的用法形容詞和副詞的用法張潔Teaching aims: 1.Adj.1.Adj.和和AdvAdv的的概念概念, ,功能功能及及位置位置( (重點）重點） 2.Adj.2.Adj.和和Adv.Adv.的的種類種類 及及Adj.Adj.和和Adv.Adv.的的構成構成 （重點）（重點） 3.Adj.3.Adj.和和 Adv.Adv.比較等級的用法比較等級的用法（重難點）（重難點） 4.Adj.4.Adj.變變Adv.Adv.的的規律規律（重點）（重點） 考點考點 ：1 1、構成，用法，規律。、構成，用法，規律。 2 2、特殊句型。、特殊句型。 ( (

2、下節課講）下節課講） 3 3、易混詞的辨析。、易混詞的辨析。 I.形容詞和副詞的概念及功能 形容詞形容詞(Adj.)：說明人：說明人和事物特征，性質和事物特征，性質或狀態的詞。或狀態的詞。e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc. 用來修飾名詞用來修飾名詞 或代詞或代詞副詞副詞(Adv.)：用來說明：用來說明時間時間, ,地點地點, ,程度程度, ,方方式等概念的詞。式等概念的詞。e.g. very, early, out, soon, quickly, etc. 用來修飾形容詞，用來修飾形容詞，動詞，副詞或整個動詞，副詞或整個句子句子詞詞類類用法用法位置位置舉

3、例舉例形形容容詞詞adjadj作定語作定語放在放在名詞名詞前，前，不定代詞后不定代詞后? ?作表語作表語放在放在系動詞系動詞之后之后? ?作補語作補語放在放在賓語賓語之后，常與之后，常與keep,make,getkeep,make,get等詞連用等詞連用? ? medicineFire makes us .It feels .形容詞放在名詞前做定語形容詞放在名詞前做定語形容詞放在賓語后，作形容詞放在賓語后，作賓語補足語賓語補足語形容詞與系動詞連用，形容詞與系動詞連用，作表語作表語e.g. He is a good student.I have something important to te

4、ll you.當形容詞修飾由當形容詞修飾由some-,any-,no-,every-構成的不定代詞時構成的不定代詞時,形容詞要放在這些形容詞要放在這些不定代詞的之后不定代詞的之后. e.g.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ?The trees turn green in spring.We are alone on the island.只只能作能作表語表語，不能作定語不能作定語的形容詞的形容詞你能說出幾個？你能說出幾個？alone afraid awake alone afraid awake asleep alive ab

5、le asleep alive able alike awake illalike awake ill 形容詞和賓語一起構成形容詞和賓語一起構成復合復合賓語賓語e.g.We must keep the classroom clean.He made us happy. Color it green.詞類詞類用法用法舉例舉例位置位置副副詞詞作表語作表語 My mother is out .?作定語作定語 The girl there is my friend. ?作狀語作狀語 He runs fast .?作賓補作賓補 I found him outside.?副詞是用來修飾副詞是用來修飾動詞，

6、動詞，形容詞，其他副詞或句子形容詞，其他副詞或句子的詞。位置靈活。的詞。位置靈活。1. He runs quickly. （副詞修飾動詞）副詞修飾動詞）2. She is very beautiful.（副詞修飾形容詞）副詞修飾形容詞）3. Luckily, he was not badly hurt. （副詞修飾句子）（副詞修飾句子） II. II. 形容詞和副詞的形容詞和副詞的 1. 1.種類種類三種三種LetLets fill s fill in the in the blanks,blanks, 詞詞 尾尾 變變 化化原級原級比較比較級級最高最高級級單音節詞在詞尾加單音節詞在詞尾加-e

7、r(比較級比較級)或或-est(最高級最高級)以字母以字母e接尾的詞加接尾的詞加-r或或-sttall hard large wide以重讀閉音節結尾的詞末尾只有一以重讀閉音節結尾的詞末尾只有一個輔音字母應雙寫輔音字母再加個輔音字母應雙寫輔音字母再加er或或estbig hot thin fat wet 以輔音字母以輔音字母+y結尾的詞變為結尾的詞變為i再加再加-er,或或-esthappy dry early narrow clever 多音節詞和多數雙音節詞在其前面多音節詞和多數雙音節詞在其前面加加more 和和most difficult popular slowlytaller har

8、der larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少數以少數以-er,-ow結尾的雙音節結尾的雙音節詞可加詞可加-er或或

9、-est原級原級goodwellbadillmanymuchlittleFarold比較級比較級最高級最高級better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/eldest P67 1.少數形容詞只能作少數形容詞只能作表語表語，不能作，不能作定語定語。 2.頻率副詞頻率副詞作狀語時作狀語時,放在系動詞放在系動詞,助動詞助動詞 情態動詞之后情態動詞之后,行為動詞之前行為動詞之前 3.某些某些副詞副詞強調上下句銜接時強調上下句銜接時,可放在句首可放在句首 4.enoug

10、h修飾修飾adj.和和adv.時，放在其后時，放在其后Tom is as tall as Mike. （1）as+形容詞原形形容詞原形+asThere are as many students in our school as yours. (2) 倍數倍數Tom is three times as old as Mike.(3)半數半數Tom is half as tall as Mike.III. Adj.Adj.和和Adv.Adv.比較等級的用法比較等級的用法 (4) 否定否定 not as+形容詞原形形容詞原形+as “和和 不一樣不一樣” 或或 not so+形容詞原形形容詞原形+a

11、s “不及不如不及不如 Tom is not as tall as Mike.Tom is not so tall as Mike. (1) A+ bev.+ 比較級比較級+than+B This bridge is longer than that one. (2) A+A+ + +比較級比較級+than+B+than+B Our school is larger than theirs. a little, much ,even, stiil,far ect. (3)表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用“Which is+ 比較級，比較級，or?” (4) 表示不及另一方時

12、，使用表示不及另一方時，使用“less+原級原級+than”Which is longer, this one or that?This park is less beautiful than that one. (5) The + 比較級比較級 + of the two 結構(6) “The+比較級比較級，the+比較級比較級” (7) “比較級比較級+and+比較級比較級” The harder you study English, the fewer mistakes you will make.In spring, the days are getting longer and lon

13、ger. （1）one of the+最高級最高級+名詞復數名詞復數（2）最高級最高級+of (in)Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century. (3) The +序數詞序數詞+ 最高級最高級 Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best. IVIV 形容詞變副詞的規律：形容詞變副詞的規律： (1)詞尾加詞尾加ly構成構成,real really如如: Strong strongly ()詞尾是詞尾是y的要把的要把y變為變為i再加再加 ly, 如如:busy busily

14、 happy happily()有幾個有幾個特殊特殊的要的要去去e后再加后再加-ly或或y,如如:true truly terrible terriblypossible-possibly()以以e結尾的結尾的,大部分直接加大部分直接加-ly, 如如:wide widely brave bravely ()注意注意: friendly lovely, lonely 不是副詞不是副詞1.形容詞和副詞的概念形容詞和副詞的概念，功用，功用 位置。位置。2.形容詞和副詞的比較級和形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的構成及用法最高級的構成及用法3.形容詞變副詞的規律形容詞變副詞的規律1. The bread

15、is _ than these cakes A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiestCC

16、A 4. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _ in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter 5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china. A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest 6. An elephant is _ than a tiger . A. heavy B. very heavy C. the hea

17、viest D. heavierDCD 7. A horse is _ than a dog . A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. more heavy 8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless 9. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting B. most interesting C. more intere

18、sting D. the most interesting CDC10. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box . A. strong B. stronger C. much stronger D. the strongest 11. Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good boy . A. less more B. few much C. more little D. little many 12. When the famous singer started to si

19、ng , everyone began to shout very _ . A. loudly B. loud C. heavily D. high AAANatural disasters DesertificationPollutionEndangered animals 1. Dont throw the litter everywhere.6. Pick up the paper or plastic bags on the ground.2. Turn off the tap(水水龍頭龍頭) when you dont use it.3. Turn off the light whe

20、n you dont use it.4. Save paper; recycle waste paper. 5. Recycle waste bottle and battery.7. Dont smoke, chew gum.8. Dont light fire.9. Protect everything in our school. 1. 1.多個形容詞同時修多個形容詞同時修飾一個名詞的飾一個名詞的順序順序 2. 2.作文作文 Saving our world Saving the eartha red applea round tablea Japanese girltall build

21、ings表表顏色顏色表表國籍國籍表表形狀形狀表新舊表新舊表表長短長短an old bike多個形容詞修飾名詞多個形容詞修飾名詞時，其順序為：時，其順序為：限定詞限定詞- -數詞數詞- -描繪詞描繪詞( (大小，長短，形狀，大小，長短，形狀，新舊，顏色新舊，顏色)-)-出處出處- -材材料性質料性質, ,類別類別- -名詞名詞1.It is made in Switzerland(瑞士，瑞士， 其形容詞為其形容詞為Swiss).2.It is made of metal.3.It is grey.4. It is big.5.It is round.6. It is new.It is a watch.metalmetalSwissSwissgreygreynewnewroundroundb