1、長安大學2011-2012 學年第 一 學期 碩士研究生英語 試題（A）卷考生注意事項:一 本考試由兩部分組成：試卷一（Paper One）包括詞匯、完形填空與閱讀理解三部分，共65題，按順序統一編號；試卷二（Paper Two）包括翻譯與寫作兩部分，共2題。兩份試卷合并裝訂成試題冊。二 試卷一（題號1-65）為客觀評分題，答案一律用中性（HB或2B）鉛筆做在機讀答題卡上，在對應題號下所選的字母中間劃黑道，如【A】【B】【C】【D】。三 試卷二為主觀評分題，答案一律寫在主觀答題紙ANSWER SHEET上。答題前，請仔細閱讀試卷二前的注意事項。請在答題紙上寫上姓名、學號、班級及任課教師姓名，以

2、免漏改、漏登成績。四 答題卡和答題紙上須寫清姓名和準考證號，考試結束時一并交回。答題卡和答題紙上不得做任何記號，否則答案無效。五 試卷一為70分鐘，試卷二為50分鐘。考試結束時間一到，考生一律停筆，將機讀答題卡及主觀答題紙留在座位上，待監考教師收點無誤后，經主考教師宣布考試結束方可離開考場。試卷一（Paper One）Part I VOCABULARY (15 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has on

3、e word or a set of words underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A,B,Cand D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. When I w

4、as on the dole , I got 5.50 per week from the government and spent2.50 rent. A on drug B doped outC on welfare D on pension2. His speech was made with such great ambiguity that neither supporter nor opponent could be certain of his true position. A neatness B acquisition C vagueness D perception3. T

5、he eating process is a time to show humility and concern for others.A modesty BabuseCresponsibility D passion4. Some liberals dream of extending subsidies eligible low-income families, but that $100 billion-a-year solution was unrealistic even before the budget deficit ballooned again. A in the blac

6、k B in the redC in the blue D in the green5. While participation in business teams can offer enormous psychic satisfaction, it can also cause great distress.A spiritual B physicalC natural D equitable6. Even when government regulations appear specially formulated to support the culture of cuisine, t

7、hey often go astray.A defined B collected C studied D stated7. Yoga originated in ancient India and is one of the longest surviving philosophical systems.A living B existing C having Dacting8. Impatience, self-criticism and comparing oneself to others will not help in this process of self-knowledge.

8、A self-insight. B self-satisfactionC self-esteem D self-respect9. Under pressure, or change of interest, Potentials can partially or wholly disappear from view for considerable periods of time; but nothing can permanently modify them, nothing can obliterate them. A expand BformulateC wipe out D get

9、out10. Government employees living in remote communities receive an isolated post allowance payment to help offset the higher cost of living.A welfare B reductionC dole DsubsidySection B (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose

10、the word or words from the four choices given to best complete each sentence.11. Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of _that you can count on to get the job done.A science B technologyC expertise Dability12. It deserves repeating because it is the single most public difference betw

11、een _and industry.A academia BspecializationCmajor Dschool13. Guangdong Province is located in southern China，with a_climate and abundant produce all year round.A harsh B mildCexcessive Dhumid14. Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Miluo River after being politically_.A sentenced B abusedC treated unjust

12、ly D banished15. At a party or a banquet, everyone first takes into consideration the needs of the group; with the eating process also being a time to show _and concern for others.A hospitality B vigorC carefulness D humility16. Once desire diminishes, disappointed lovers may wonder where the “spark

13、 ” in their relationship has gone and may _regretfully and longingly about “the good days”.A reminisce B expectC wish D cuddle17. These misconceptions often lead to unrealistic expectation, stereotypes, and _.A disapproval B disappearanceC discourage D disillusionment18. Countless unnamed and unreco

14、rded men have given their lives for their fellowmen, not only on the _but on the home-front as well.A battlefront Bendeavor C majesty D battlefield19. A study of history reveals that the people who walked this earth in_ were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions , an

15、d the same aspirations as the men and women of today. A aspiration B antiquity C happiness D order 20. Human nature is the basis of character, the temperament and _; it is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built.A alteration B improvement C disposition D nature Part II CLOZE TES

16、T (10 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s) marked A, B, C and D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring An

17、swer Sheet.Every man unfolds a distinct character over which circumstances and education have only the most limited _21_. No two people will have ever _22_ the same conclusions from the same experiences, but each must interpret events and _23_ them into the mosaic of his own life pattern. Human natu

18、re is ever true to itself, not to the systems of faith or education. Each _24_ to the structure of the mold into which the soul was cast at the time of its individualization. The qualities _25_ in one remain as potentials whether they have a chance to develop or not. Under pressure, or change of int

19、erest, they can partially or wholly _26_ from view for considerable periods of time; but _27_ can permanently modify them, nothing can obliterate them. Although man is potentially _28_ he is far from being actually so. If he were actually perfect there would be _29_ for preachers, teachers and human

20、itarians to do; no use for churches, schools, courts and prisons. _30_ while it is impossible to change human nature, it can be studied, controlled and directed and this should be the supreme _31_ of our religious, educational and social institutions.Man is perfect as a seed is perfect, germinally.

21、The spirit is perfect, but when it _32_ human structures, it participates in the imperfections of _33_; and during its association with matters takes on a mortal weakness, desires and limitations. But the spirit, the inner man, remains untouched and undefiled by evil. Only the outer man-the personal

22、ity and the physical body-becomes imperfect, due to ignorance, wrong thinking and _34_ of the laws of being. The outer man, too, was originally perfect, _35_ man has so desecrated and abused it that today it is a far _36_ from the original model. Mans inherent goodness, moreover, is _37_ by his coun

23、tless acts of heroism, unselfishness and sacrifice. Human nature does not and cannot _38_ but unfolds its inherent pattern. Man has a nature and its _39_ can be known. We can only endeavor _40_ man as he is. 21. A powerB controlC privilege D management22.A drawB take C withdrawD acquire23.A putB mol

24、d C fitD match24.A stick B formC shapeD hold25.A bornB producedC developedD bought26.A appearB peepC beholdD disappear27.A somethingB anythingC nothingD everything28. A perfectB commonC ordinaryD general29. AmuchB nominal C nothingDminority30. AAlthoughB Therefore C Providing D Nevertheless 31.A pur

25、pose B assignmentC accomplishmentD function32.A accommodatesB inhabitsC sheltersD dormers 33.A the latter B the former C the betterD the later34.A realizationB fulfillment C violation D accomplishment35.A and B butC thusD then36.A cryB shoutC screamD criterion37.A hiddenB coveredC revealedD disclose

26、d38.A developB changeC reformD disappear39.A lawsB crust C principles D appearance 40.A understandingB to be understood C being understoodD to understand Part III READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 50 points)Directions: In this part of the test, there are six short passages for you to read. Read eac

27、h passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A,B,C or D, and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage OneActing is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be g

28、iven to a young person thinking of going on the stage is "Don't!” But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, though the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and tal

29、ent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a repertory company, usually as an assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre: painting scenery, looking after the furniture, taking care of the costumes,

30、 and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed. The hours are long and the salary is tiny. But young actors with the stage in their blood are happy, waiting for the chances of working with a better company, or perhaps in films or television.Of course, some people have unusual chan

31、ces which lead to fame and success without this long and dull training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his big car. He told the driver to stop, an

32、d he got out to speak to the girl. He asked her if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test, and at first she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to tell Connie that he was serious. Then an appointment was made

33、 for her to go to the studio the next day. The test was successful. They gave her some necessary lessons and within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. Of Course, she was given a more dramatic name, which is now world-famous. But chances li

34、ke this happen once in a blue moon!41. According to the passage, the main reason why young people should be discouraged from becoming actors is _.A actors are very unusual peopleB the course at the drama school lasts two yearsC acting is really a hard jobD there are already too many actors42. An ass

35、istant stage manager's job is difficult because he has to _.A do all kinds of stage work B work for long hoursC wait for a better company D act well43. According to the context, the sentence "But young actors with the stage in their blood are happy" at the end of the first paragraph me

36、ans _.A they don't care if their job is hardB they like the stage naturallyC they are born happyD they are easily satisfied44. Conie Pratt soon became a famous actress after _.A learning some lessons about the art of speakingB playing her part in the "Blue Colored Moon"C successfully m

37、atching the most famous actorsD acting a leading part with a most famous actor at that time45. The phrase "once in a blue moon" in last line refers to _. A all at once B once for a long timeC once in a while D once and for allPassage TwoDesegregation of higher education has produced signif

38、icant improvements in education for all Americans. The opening up of segregated colleges and universities to students of all racial and ethnic backgrounds came about only as the result of many forms of prolonged struggle in the courts, in the streets, and on campuses.     Th

39、e efforts to open up higher educational opportunities for blacks in historically white institutions also led to expanded opportunities for lower- and middle-class white students, especially at institutions that adopted “open admissions” policies of accepting all high school graduates. Between 1960 a

40、nd 1981, while the number of black students between the ages of eighteen and twenty-four enrolled in college increased from 134,000 to over750,000, the number of white students in the same age group grew from just over 2 million to over 6.5 million. In 1960 more than one-half of blacks attendin

41、g colleges were enrolled at historically black institutions. By 1981 that percentage had declined to just 18 per cent. Most of the blacks enrolled in traditionally white institutions, however, were at two-year community colleges or at four-year public colleges that were becoming or had already becom

42、e predominantly black.    Desegregation of higher education produced difficult problems for historically black institutions that had always struggled under great hardship to provide higher education for blacks when blacks had been barred from white institutions. Historically black ins

43、titutions, however, have continued to produce a high percentage of the most educationally and professionally successful blacks in the United States. Meanwhile, blacks in predominantly white institutions have achieved notable progress, but they have also encountered various problems.   

44、;  College completion rates for young blacks have increased substantially, but they are only about one-half the rate for young whites. In 1981, for example, 11.5 percent of blacks aged twenty-five to twenty-nine and 21.3percent of whites in that age group had completed college.   

45、;  Blacks continue to be substantially underrepresented in graduate and professional schools in the United States. During the early 1980s blacks comprised about 6 percent of students in graduate school and medical school and about 4 percent of all law school students. Blacks also received

46、about 4 percent of all doctoral degrees, but over half of these degrees were conferred in one disciplineeducation. In general, since the cry of “reverse discrimination” was raised during the middle of the 1970s, black progress in higher education has been slowed and perhaps even reversed.  

47、;   46. What is the main idea of the passage? A Desegregation of higher education produced many difficulties for historically black institutions.  B The opening up of higher educational opportunities for blacks led to expanded opportunities for white students too. C Bla

48、cks have been historically repressed in graduate and professional schools in the United States.   D Desegregation of higher education has brought more higher educational opportunities for black and white students alike.   47. What can be inferred about the opening up of

49、 segregated colleges and universities? A It came about as the result of a surge in the number of students enrolled in higher institutions. B It came about as the result of time-long resistance against racial discrimination against blacks.     C It came about when t

50、he cry of “reverse discrimination” was raised.    D It came about when efforts to expand educational opportunities for lower- and middle-class black people were intensified.  48. Which of the following is NOT one of the consequences of the opening up of segregated colleges a

51、nd universities? A Black students were substantially underrepresented in graduate and professional schools in the United States.   B It brought a significant increase in the number of white students.  C It created thorny problems for historically black institutions. 

52、60;D The number of black students between eighteen to twenty-four years old enrolled in college greatly increased.   49. After the desegregation of higher education black students are still unlikely to .A get enrolled in traditionally white colleges   B get enrolled in traditiona

53、lly black institutions     C complete college  D get a Doctors Degree in science  50. Which of the following is true about historically black institutions?A The students in historically black institutions are no longer predominantly black after the opening up of se

54、gregated institutions.  B They created many problems for their students. C They achieved notable progress even though they were under great hardship. D The number of historically black institutions dropped in the 1960s and 1970s. Passage ThreeWhat might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automate