1、Unit 2 A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS 簡體英文詩There are various reasons why people write poetry. 人們寫詩有著各種各樣的理由。 Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the readera strong impression. 有些詩是為了敘事，或者說是描述某件事并給讀者以強烈的印象。 Others try to convey certain emotions. 而有些詩則是為了傳達某種感情。

2、Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. 詩人用許多不同風格的詩來表達自己的情感。 In this text, however, we will look at a few of the simpler forms. 本文只談了幾種格式比較簡單的詩。Some of the first poetry a young child learns in English is nursery rhymes. 孩子們最早學習的英文詩是童謠。 These rhymes like the one on the right (

3、A) are still a common type of children's poetry. 像右邊的這首童謠（A ）至今仍然是常見的。 The language is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children becausethey rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. 童謠的語言具體但富有想象力，這使得小孩子們快樂， 因為它們押韻，節(jié)奏感強，并較多重復。The poems may notmake sense and even seem con

4、tradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite童.謠不一定有什么意義，甚至有的看來自相矛盾，但是它們?nèi)菀讓W，也容易背誦。By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language. 通過童謠中的文字游戲，孩子們學習了語言。（ A）Hush, little baby, don't say a word,小寶寶，別說話，Papa's going to buy you a mockingbird爸.爸給你買個小嘲鳥。If that mockin

5、gbird won't sing,小嘲鳥，不會唱，Papa's going to buy you a diamond ring爸.爸給你買個鉆石戒。If that diamond ring turns to brass,鉆石戒，變成銅，Papa's going to buy you a looking-glass爸.爸給你買個小鏡子。If that looking-glass gets broke,小鏡子，打破了，Papa's going to buy you a billy-goat爸.爸給你買個小山羊。If that billy-goat runs away

6、,小山羊，跑掉了。Papa's going to buy you another today爸.爸今天再去給你買一只。One of the simplest kinds of poems are those like B and C that list things.像（ B）和（ C）這樣的列舉事物的清單詩是詩歌中最簡單的一種。 List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.清單詩可長可短，可以重復一些短語，較

7、為靈活。形成固定句型和詩的節(jié)奏。 Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C). 有些清單詩有韻腳（如 B） ,但有一些沒有（如 C）。（ B）I saw a fish- pond all on fire 我看到魚塘在燃燒I saw a fish-pond all on fire,我看到魚塘在燃燒，I saw a house bow to a squire,我看到房子向地主哈腰，I saw a person twelve-feet high,我看到人高一丈八，I saw a cottage in the sky,我看到茅屋在天郊。I saw

8、a balloon made of lead,我看到氣球用鉛做，I saw a coffin drop down dead,我看到棺材把死人拋。精選文庫I saw two sparrows run a race,我看到兩只麻雀在賽跑，I saw two horses making lace,我看到兩匹馬兒繡花包。I saw a girl just like a cat,我看到姑娘像只貓，I saw a kitten wear a hat,我看到小貓帶花帽。I saw a man who saw these too,我看到有人在一旁瞄，And said though strange they a

9、ll were true雖.奇怪，但也把實情報。（ C）Our first football match 我們的第一場球賽We would have won .我們本來會得冠軍 if Jack had scored that goal,如果杰克踢進了那個球，if we'd had just a few more minutes,如果我們還有幾分鐘， if we had trained harder,如果我們訓練的更嚴格，if Ben had passed the ball to Joe,如果本把球傳給了喬，if we'd had thousands of fans scream

10、ing,如果有大批球迷助威， if I hadn't taken my eye off the ball,如果我死死盯住球，if we hadn't stayed up so late the night before,如果我們頭晚不熬夜， if we hadn't taken it easy,如果我們沒有放松警惕，if we hadn't run out of energy.如果我們沒有精疲力竭， We would have won .我們本來是會的冠軍的 if we'd been better!如果我們能干的更好！Another simple for

11、m of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines.另外一種學生容易寫的簡體詩是由五行組成的，叫做五行詩。 With these, students can convey a strong picture in just a few words用.五行詩，學生可以用少量的詞語傳遞一幅動人的畫面。 Look at the examples (D and E) on the top of the next page請.看下一頁上端的 D 和 E 兩個例子。（ D）Brother

12、 兄弟Beautiful, athletic 愛美，又愛運動Teasing, shouting, laughing愛鬧，愛叫，又愛笑Friend and enemy too是我的朋友Mine 也是我的敵人（ E）Summer 夏天Sleepy, salty困乏，咸澀Drying, drooping, dreading 干涸，枯萎，恐怖Week in, week out周而復始Endless永無止境Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is made up of 17 syllables俳.句詩（Haiku）是一種日本詩，由17 個音節(jié)組成。 It is

13、 not a traditional form of English poetry, but isvery popular with English writers.它不屬于英詩的傳統(tǒng)形式，但是在用英語寫作的人們中間，這種詩也是很流行的。It is easy to write and, like the cinquain , can givea clear picture and create a special feeling using the minimum of words它.容易寫，而且像五行詩一樣， 它可以用最少的詞語呈現(xiàn)出一幅清晰的畫面，表達出一種特殊的感情。 The two h

14、aiku poems (F and G) above are translations from the Japanese下.2精選文庫面兩首俳句詩（右邊的F 和 G）就是從日文翻譯過來的。（ F）A fallen blossom 落下的花朵Is coming back to the branch回.到了樹枝上。Look, a butterfly! 瞧啊，是只蝴蝶！( by Moritake) （作者： Moritake）（ G）Snow having melted,雪兒融化了，The whole village is brimful 整個村莊充滿著Of happy children.歡樂的兒

15、童。(by Issa)（作者： Issa）Did you know that English speakers alsoenjoy other forms of Asian poetry - Tang poems from China in particular?你知道嗎？說英語的人也喜歡其他類型的亞洲詩，尤其是中國的唐詩， A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English許.多唐詩已經(jīng)被翻譯成英文了。 This Tang poem (H) is a translation from the Chinese下.面這首唐詩（ H）就是從中文翻譯過來的。（ H）Where she awaits her husband望夫石(by Wang Jian)王健On and on the river flows.望夫處，江悠悠。Never looking back,Transformed into stone化.為石，不回頭。Day by day upon the mountain top,wind and rain revolve山.頭日日風復雨， Should the traveller return,this stone w