1、文檔供參考，可復制、編制，期待您的好評與關注！ 語法系列專題名詞從句、定語從句名詞從句名詞從句有四類：賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句。例如：賓語從句：I dont know where he will go.主語從句：Where he will go is unknown.表語從句：The problem is how we can get so much money.同位語從句：We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game.下面幾點是學習名詞從句要加以注意的：1 whether和if都可以引導賓語從句表達“是

2、否”意，（即引導賓語從句時if和whether 可以互換）但以下幾種名詞從句要用whether（不用if）引導：（1） 引導主語從句，且在句首時。例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis).（2） 引導表語從句時。例The problem is whether he can get a job. （3） 引導同位語從句時。例：I have no idea whether he will come.（4） 介詞后的whether從句。例：I wor

3、ry about whether I hurt her feelings.2 位于句首引導主語從句的that不可忘。例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us.3 在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/that從句”結構中，that從句謂語有時用（should）do這樣的虛擬語氣形式。例如：It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations b

4、etween us.It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all one´s life.It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings（缺點）.4 在“The reason whyis that”句式中that不要誤為because.例如：The reason why he didn´t go to school yesterday is that he was ill.5 名詞從句中that,what用法比較：引導名詞從句的

5、that是連詞，在句中無成份，無意義，而what是連接代詞，whatthe thing(s) that.例如：It was told in yesterday´s newspaper that what the students had done was praised the things(that)無意義 by the factory. I know that he will study.I know what he will study.That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all.What he works hard

6、 at is known to us all.All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what(the person that)he used to be.他和以前大不相同了。6 where在名詞從句中的使用特點：where在名詞從句中有時可以變為“the place where”,有時可以變為“介詞the place where” 形式。例如：主從：Where(The place where)she has gone is still unknown.賓從：Would you please tell me where(th

7、e place where) Mr Smith lives?表從：Your dictionary remains where(in/at the place where)you put.同位從：Have you any idea where(of the place where) she is spending her holidays?7 無論是哪種名詞從句都是陳述語序。例如：I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is.當一個特殊疑問句本身就是陳述語序（即“主謂（賓）”或“主系表”結構），將其變為間接引語（即賓語從句）時，無需

8、改變語序。例如：What´s the matter with him? She asked me what was the matter with him.Who looks after your grandfather? He asked me who looked after my grandfather.名詞從句考點分析1They want to know _ do to help us. (NMET) A. what they can B. how they can C. how can they D. what can they 析：此題要選陳述語序項，故應排除C、D。又因

9、how they can do不完整，do后無賓 語，故也應排除，只有A項既是陳述語序，且what they can do完整正確地表達出“他 們能做些什么”這一意思，故答案為A。2His teacher _ he _ bright and _ he was worth teaching. A.didnt think;was;that B.thought;was;whether C.didnt think;was;× D.thought;wasn´t;× 析：觀察題目，可知think后跟有and連接的兩個并列賓語從句，這時前一個賓語從句 的引導語that可以省略，

10、但引導后一賓語從句的that不可省略，據此，可排除C、D 兩個選項。若選B項，全句意思不通，而選擇A項可表達“他的老師認為他不聰明，不 值得教”這一意思，且語法結構無誤，故可定A是正確答案。3_ is done cannot be undone. A.How B.That C.What D.Where 析：do一般作及物動詞使用，從題干看，需選一詞作主語（邏輯上是done的賓語）。 而A.How,D.Where均是副詞，不能作主語，故應排除。B項that一詞只能在定語從句 中作主語，不能在主語從句中作主語，也應排除。只有選what(the thing that),才 能正確表述“凡是做的不可不

11、做”這一意思。4Take care _ you don´t make mistakes in the coming exam. A.of that B.about that C.for what D.that 析：take care是“注意”、“當心”意，后面可跟that引導的賓語從句來表達“當心 不要”意思，據此，該題應選D。5To his surprise,the umbrella was not _ he had put. A.which B.where C.the place D.that 析：觀察題干，was not后是表語，根據where在表語從句中相當于in/at th

12、e place where, 將其置于空白處則可表達“傘不在他當初放的地方”這一意思，而C選項缺少詞，不可 選。A、D項皆不合用。6_ we can´t get seems better than _ we have. A.what;what B.what;that C.that;that D.that;what 析：此題顯然是要表達“我們得不到的東西似乎比我們得到的東西好?！边@一意思，即 “A seems better that B”結構，根據whatthe thing(s) that這一特點，將其置 于兩空白處正好可以表達出前者比后者好這一意思，故答案為A。7_ well go

13、camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 析：此題depends前的主語從句是一個不肯定的內容，在句首表“是否”意時，只能用 Whether,不可用If。故答案為B。8_ they are most interested in is _ they can produce more and better cars. A.That;how B.What;how C.What;what D.That;that 析：is前面是一個主語從句，要表達“他們最感興趣的（東西）”這一意思，只能選what 填入空

14、白;is是表語從句，顯然只有選how才能表達“如何生產更多更好的汽車”，故 答案為B。9He made a suggestion that the English test _ until next Wednesday. A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off 析：suggestion,order,adivce等詞后的同位語從句謂語要用（should）do的形式，且 該句中test與put off為被動關系，故選B。10I don´t think _ he said something like that is

15、right. A.that B.what C.whether D.when 析：此句think后是一賓語從句，這個賓語從句的主語在is之前，它是一個被動句。 因為he said something like that已經含有主、謂、賓、狀等成分，只有選不表意義， 不做成分的that才合適，故選A。定語從句一、 定語從句與引導詞定語從句是在復合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫做選行詞，而引導定語從句的詞叫引導詞，有關系代詞和關系副詞兩類。懂得什么樣的先行詞后用什么樣的引導詞是學好定語從句的關鍵。1 關系代詞有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定語從句中作主

16、語、賓語中表語，whose 作定語。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；代物的有：that,which,whose.例如： The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人，在定語從句中作主語) That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人，在定 語從句中作賓語，可省略) I´m not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人，在定從中作表語) A dictionary is a useful book

17、 which(that) tells us the meaning of words(which 或that代物，在定從中作主語)2 關系副詞有：when(指時間)，where(指地點),why(指原因)，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.注意：不是表時間的先行詞都用when引導定從，不是表

18、地點的先行詞都用where引導定從。例如：We´ll visit the factory which(that) makes radios.(which或that在定從中作主語，where不可用主語，故不可用)They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.(which或that在定從中作spent的賓語，when不可作賓語，故不可用)二、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句和主句之間不用逗號分開，修飾主句中的某一個名詞或名詞詞組或代詞；非限制性定語從句常用逗號和主句隔開，可以修飾主

19、句中的某一個詞，也可修飾整個句子。非限制性定語從句不能用that引導，引導非限制性定語從句的關系詞不能省略。非限制性定語從句例：Li Ping´s father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句內容，因前后兩句是因果關系，此時which不可換為as。)He is good at physics, as is known to us all.As is known to us all, he is good at physic

20、s.(as指代主句內容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe這類結構中as不可換為which)三、 只用that引導和不用that引導的場合1 只用that引導和不用that引導的場合1） 當先行詞既包括人又包括物時：He talked about the men and the books that attracted him.2） 指物的先行詞被any, every, only, very, all, no等修飾時：These are the very points that interest me./That´s the o

21、nly watch that I like most.3） 指物的先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.4） 先行詞是指物的不定代詞all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等時：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need?5） 先行

22、詞是who時：Who that have seen him does not like him?2 不用that的場合如下：1）非限制性定語從句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long March . 2）介詞放在關系代詞之前時 This is the man from whom I learnt the news3）句中出現了that，或先行詞是that時 I have found that which I was looking for.四、“介詞關系代詞”用法1 介詞的確定應依據定語從句中短語的習慣性搭配，

23、例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with是習慣性搭配)2 介詞常受先行詞的制約（即介詞和先行詞的搭配），例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)3 當關系代詞作“動詞介詞”固定短語的賓語時，此時因定短語中的介詞不能拆開移到關系代詞前。例如：This is the watch which you´re looking for./He

24、is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.五、幾個名詞后的引導詞1. situation后常用where,in which引導定語從句：Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word?2. way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引導定語從句，也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?3. “the same名詞”，“such名詞”，“as名詞”后

25、通常用as引導定語從句。例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.定語從句考點分析1 The best work _ Luxun wrote and _ I have read has been made into a film.A.which;that B.that;× C.×that D.××析：如果兩個定語從句并列，關系代詞作賓語時前一句的可以省略，但后一句的不可省略，故應選C。2 It was in 1969

26、_ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.It was 1969 _ two Amerians got to the moon by space ship.A.when B.which C.that D.×析：第一句是強調時間in 1969,強調結構是“It was強調部分that句”，故應選C。第二句It是表時間的，先行詞1969在從句中作狀語，故選A。3 Is this the house _ Shakespeare was born?A.at which B.which C.in which D.at where析：觀察題目，空

27、白處只有填in which或where才能表達“這是莎士比亞出生的房子嗎？”這一意思，故答案為C。4 Is this house _ Shakespeare was born?A.where B.which C.in which D.at which析：將此句變為陳述句；This house is _ Shakespeare was born.顯然is后是一表語從句，只有選where(the place where)才能表達“這是莎士比亞的出生地”這一意思，故答案為A。5 In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could tu

28、rn for help. A.to whom B.of whom C.from whom D.that 析：“介詞關系代詞”要考慮短語搭配或與先行搭配，這道題短語turn to有關，故 應選A。6 The two things _ they felt very proud were Jim´s gold watch and Della´s hair. Aabout which B.of which C.in which D.for which 析：涉及be/feel proud of短語，故答案為B。7 Have you ever asked him the reason

29、_ may explain his being late.A.why B.that C.for which D.what析：此題易誤選A、C，因為先行詞是the reason,但細觀察分析，定語從句缺少主語，所以答案是B。注意what不能引導定語從句。8 Farming is difficult _ there is no rain.A.where B.in place C.that D.the place where析：因為difficult是形容詞，故其后不是定語從句。這兒的空白處應填引導狀語從句where(in the place where),全句表達“在沒有雨水的地方耕種困難”。這一

30、意思，可見答案為A。9 We need the same machine _ in your factory.A.which is being used B.as is being used C.that is being used D.as it is being used 析：根據“the same先行詞”后跟as引導定語從句的原則，可知答案為B。10_ the people,not things _ are most important.A.There are;who B.Those are;that C.It is;that D.It was;who析：仔細觀察分析題目，可知只有C構成

31、強調句才有成立。當我們要檢驗視其為強調句的判斷是否正確時，只要將“It is (或was)that”這三個詞去掉，剩下部分讀起來正確無誤，則證明判斷是正確的，反之是錯誤的。此題如不填“It isthat”三詞，句子是The people,not things are most important.語義完整正確，說明選C是對的。名詞從句、定語從句專練1._ surprised me most was the news _ our team won. A.That;that B.What;which C.What;that D.That;which2.This is the only book _

32、 I want to read. A.which B.that C.what D.as3.The reason _ I am so late is _ the bus. A. that;I didn´t catch B.×that I missed C.why;because I have missed D.×because my not catching 4. The problem _ has been completely settled.A.which you thought B.that you thought C.about which you tho

33、ught it D.that you thought about5. Is this the taperecorder you wish _?A.to have it repaired B.to repair itC.to have repaired D.repairing6. The electric toy _ last month has gone out of order.A.I bought it for him B.which I bought to himC.I bought for him D.that I bought to him7. His head soon appea

34、red out of one of the second storey windows,_ he oculd see nothing but tress.A.frm which B.from where C.where D.from there8. Every minute _ full use of to study our lessons will do our students good.A.which makes B.that is made C.that made D.what is made9. Will it be two months _ we can get another

35、one?A.that B.when C.before D.in which10.After graduation we should go _ our Party needs us most.A.to the place which B.in which C.that D.where11.There is a popular belief among parents _ schools are no louger interested in handwriting. A.who B.whose C.that D.which12.He lent me a lot of maney,_ I cou

36、ldnt buy the TV set. A.with it B.for which C.without which D.by which13.Water power stations are bulit _ big water falls. A.which are B.which has C.where there have D.where there are14.The direction _ a force acts can be changed. A.how B.which C.towards D.×15.Was it yesterday _ you received the

37、 letter from her? A.when B.which C.on which D.that16.In the end she decided to sell the house _ windows were almost broken. A.which B.that C.of which D.whose17.That _ you lent me wasnt _ I wanted. A.that;all B.which;all C.that;what D.which;that18.Each time _ they met,they would talk long hours toget

38、her. A.during B.which C.where D.×19.This is the third week _ for the rubbish. A.that they didnt come B.they arent coming C.they havent come D.when they havent come20.On the desk _ a Chinese brush _ he had made drawing. A.lay;with which B.lies;by which C.laid;in which D.lay;on which21.We´ll

39、 never forget the days _ we spent on the seashore. A.during which B.in which C.when D.×22.The beautiful church _ we see there is very famous. A.the tower which B.of whose tower C.the tower of which D.of which tower23.The 11th Asian Games, _ China won 183 gold medals,was held in the autumn of 19

40、90. A.which B.that C.at which D.at that24.The only thing _ is wrong with this is _ a friend of mine said to me the other day. A.which;what B.what;that C.that;what D.that;which25.Who is he man _ is talking with John? A.which B.who C.what D.that26.The farmer uses wood to build a house _ to store grains. A.with which B.to where C.which D.in which27.I really don´t know _ I had my pocket picked. A.where was it that B.it was where that C.where it was that D.was it where that28.He insisted that he _ right in doing that. A.should be B.was C.would be D.is29.Have you heard from