2019/11/6,1,Aspects of Instruction Design in ESL Context - Learner-Oriented Considerations 面向對象的外語課堂設計 安徽師范大學外國語學院 歐陽俊林,2019/11/6,2,Pre-questioning:,關于優秀教學者的索問： 高學歷=優秀的教師？ 高職稱=優秀的教師？ 高水平=優秀的教師？,2019/11/6,3,關于合理教學過程的索問： 充分的知識提供=合理過程？ 徹底的知識解構=合理過程？ 學習者測試成績=教學成就？,2019/11/6,4,關于“備課”的索問： 完備的教案=充分的備課？ 豐富的課件=充分的備課？ 多樣的材料=充分的備課？,2019/11/6,5,Language Instruction Approaches,Content-based approach 內容教學法 Communicative approach 交際教學法 Audio-Lingual approach 視聽教學法 Structural Approach 結構教學法 Task-based Approach 任務型教學法 Interactive Approach 互動式教學法 Total Physical Response Approach 全息反饋教學法 Comprehensive Approach 綜合教學法 Problem-based Approach 問題型教學法 Cooperative Approach 合作型教學法 我們是否以方法來實施課堂設計?,2019/11/6,6,Instruction Design,1- choice of the approach (選擇教學方法) 2- the reason of the choice(提出選擇的理由) 3- subjects (對象描述） 4- teaching objectives (具體教學目標) 5- procedures (教學流程) 6- evaluation (教學評價),2019/11/6,7,教學設計與過程優化,教學設計理念 教學設計目標 教學設計方法 教學過程優化 教學效果評估,2019/11/6,8,教學設計理念,教學設計是 運用系統方法，將教學理論與學習理論的原理轉換成對教學目標與教學內容的分析、教學策略與教學媒體的選擇、教學活動的組織、以及教學評價等教學環節進行具體計劃的過程。 教學設計是 教師在教學理論、學習理論與教學實踐之間架設的一座橋梁。是把教學理論與學習理論轉換為教學實踐并實現最佳教學效果的一門技術性科學。,2019/11/6,9,關于外語教學的教學設計思想,外語教學的定位：嫻熟的目標語能力 Command of the target language Components of language system 靜態的知識系統 Components of language communication 動態的技能系統 Demonstration of the language system 知識系統的體現 Realization of the language communication 技能系統的體現,2019/11/6,10,目標語能力的展現領域： Aspects of Demonstration and Realization 語言理解能力Language perception smooth reception and comprehension of the language message in actual situation. 語言產出能力Language production appropriate output in actual situation. 文化融會能力Acculturation and enculturation adaptation to the target culture for comprehensive proficiency,2019/11/6,11,教學設計目標,教學內容最佳處理 Processing your teaching materials for the best input and intake 教學方式最佳選擇 Selecting your teaching approaches to best effect 教學資源最佳配置 Configuring your resources for best result 教學情緒最佳調動 Activating your learners emotive and affective state to the utmost,2019/11/6,12,教學設計方法,材料的處理和分段設計 Material processing and partition 時間與活動的初步籌劃 Timing and scheduling 學習者合作模式和任務 Learners in cooperation for tasks 流程+步驟+組織=效率 Procedure+steps+organization=efficiency,2019/11/6,13,教學過程優化,時間控制手段 Time-control 內容呈現切分 Classified presentation 學習者參與管理 Participation management 適時活動反饋 Real-time feedback 課件有效輔助 Courseware as an aid,2019/11/6,14,教學效果評估,過程與任務的協調 Coordination between procedure and task 學習者期望值提升 Learner expectation enhancement 學習者參與量 Participation quantity 學習者參與質 Participation quality,2019/11/6,15,提示與建議,不宜把課堂當成教師的“地盤”，只經營自己的專業興趣； 教師不是知識的專利擁有者，教師與學生分享課堂和共同建構知識； 教學過程中不宜以整段地講解、叫讀和提問來填塞時間；同樣的問題一般不重復提問； 呈現的教學內容要客觀全面，語言范例不要輕易的自我制造，例句的內容可行性和交際的可行性必須有把握；,2019/11/6,16,afraid 害怕的,怕的 1) Dont be afraid of snakes. 別怕蛇。 2) She was afraid that she may lose her job 她擔心會丟掉工作。 3) frightened 害怕的;受驚的 The sound from the kitchen frightened her. 從廚房發出的聲音使她很害怕。 4) Frightened children were calling for their mothers. 受驚的孩子們呼喊著找媽媽。,教學事例-1 “制造句子”,2019/11/6,17,fear n. 害怕；擔心；恐懼；敬畏 vt. 害怕；敬畏；為擔心 例句：Yes, what you fear the most is fear itself. 是啊,你最害怕的是恐懼本身。 (取自教學觀察,2010-5-24),2019/11/6,18,excited 激動的;興奮的 例句：I know you must be very excited and happy. 我知道你一定會非常激動和快樂。,2019/11/6,19,They did not know where to go. 該怎樣做是一個問題。 How to do it is an question. 我實在不知道該寫些什么。 I really dont know what to write about. 以上例句在呈現與講解時沒有提供任何有意義的符合學習者理解和生活體驗的相關事實。教師簡單地依據詞匯用法和無支撐的“環境”來處理，缺乏設計的基本考量。,2019/11/6,20,Samples collected from Colins Cobuild Dictionary,US written When designing products, consider to consumer.“ US written A contribution of $ 25 makes you a member of AAIA, but please consider making a $ 50 contribution to this one-time Emergency Appeal. BR spoken They only have considering their miserable rest of lives，is there anything else for them to do? Well Im sure there must be. BR spoken Yeah it was very nice of him considering he didnt give me any rent I suppose thats not too bad.,2019/11/6,21,教學事例-2,語句翻譯多樣化與技能擴展 選自課堂教學觀察 （2009-11-5）,2019/11/6,22,1. 京廣線是我國南北交通大動脈，其重要性是不可低估的。 The Beijing-Guangzhou Railway is the artery of Chinas N-S communication, whose importance can never be reduced/belittled/ignored. The strategic position/significance of the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway can never be over-estimated in Chinas N-S communication. The significance of the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway is overwhelming in Chinas N-S communication/ transportation.,2019/11/6,23,2. 只有通過艱苦的環境和復雜的生活才能磨礪我們的意志，練就我們的才能 Only through hard environment and complex life can we hone our will and train our abilities. Our will power and abilities can only be honed through hard environment and complex life realities. Our will power and competence can only be honed in hard environment of complex life. Hard environment of complex life endows us with will power and competence.,2019/11/6,24,3. 盡管一生充滿坎坷，丁玲把生活的真善美淋漓盡致地反映在她的作品中 Ding Ling fully expresses her truth, goodness, and beauty in her work, although her life was full of setbacks and hardships. Ding Lings sense of truth, goodness, and beauty is fully expressed in her work, in spite of her life-long setbacks and hardships. An unsmooth life of Ding Ling does not undermine her full representation of truth, goodness, and beauty in her works. Ironically, an unsmooth life of Ding Ling could still demonstrate truth, goodness, and beauty in her work.,2019/11/6,25,4. 深入基層，走向社會，他的面前展現了豐富多彩的全景畫，給他的創作提供了無限的資源 When he enters the lower society and gets into the social realities, he sees a very rich and colorful panorama, which provides him with endless resources in literary creation. His access to the grass-root society unrolls a panorama of life for his literary creation an unlimited wealth. A panorama is unrolled in his access to the grass-root society and enriches his literary creation.,2019/11/6,26,教學事例-3 英語合成詞課程內容呈現片段 （選自微格教學實驗學生設計2010-4-6）,2019/11/6,27,day,light,day,light,n.,n.,合成詞,2019/11/6,28,+,straw,berry,strawberry,2019/11/6,29,class,2019/11/6,30,natural disasters,Add your title,earthquake,earth + quake,Add your