ChineseMartialArtsSunXiaoTheMeaningofWushuWushumeanstheartoffighting,ormartialarts,withWuliterallymeaningmilitaryormartialandShumeaningart.Wushu&KungfuKungFuandWushuwereoriginallythesame.Duringthelastthirtyyears,wushuinMainlandChinawasmodernizedsothattherecouldbeauniversalstandardfortrainingandcompeting.Itemphasizesspeed,levelsofdifficulty,andpresentation.Wushu:◆

anathletic,aestheticperformanceandcompetitivesport◆

nolongerpracticedonlyasasystemofaggressiveskillsusedincombats◆

taughtandlearnedforpurposesofhealth,self-defense,recreationorperformanceWushu&Kungfu“KungFu"ortraditionalWushuremainsthetraditionalfightingpractice.05/09/2012

TheHistoryofChineseMartialArts◆

theearliestformsofmartialarts:jiaodi(角抵)orhorn-butting◆

theYellowEmperor(Huangdi),thefirstleaderinChinesehistory(Qiu,2008,p.15)DuringtheZhouDynastyJiaodidevelopedintoacombatwrestlingsystemcalledjiaoliwhicheventuallybecameknownasshuaijiao(wrestling)itsmodernform.(Qiu,2008,p.23)TheHistoryofChineseMartialArtsTheHistoryofChineseMartialArtsDuringtheHanDynasty,thepredecessorsofthemodernquanshu(barehandedboxing)andjianshu(swordplay)becamecommon.(Qiu,2008,p.41)◆

JiaolibecameasportduringtheQinDynasty(221-207B.C.).◆

IntheTangDynasty,descriptionsofsworddanceswereimmortalizedinpoemsbyLiBai.(Qiu,2008,p.73)TheHistoryofChineseMartialArtsTheHistoryofChineseMartialArts◆

SongandYuanDynasties:xiangpu(theearliestformofsumo)contestssponsoredbytheimperialcourts(Qiu,2008,p.89)

◆

MingandQingDynasties:modernconceptsofWushufullydeveloped(Qiu,2007,p.35)◆

ZhuangziandTaoTeChingmakereferencetothepracticeandpsychologyofmartialarts.◆

ZhouLiregardsarcheryandcharioteeringastwoofthe"SixArts"oftheZhouDynasty,theotherfourbeingrites,music,calligraphyandmathematics.

MartialArts&ChinesePhilosophyTheArtofWar:◆

bySunTzuduringthelatespringandautumnperiod◆

militarywarfareandmartialarts◆

stillstudiedallovertheworldforitsmilitaryinsightsTheArtofWar&MartialArtsInscribedbamboo-slipsofTheArtofWar,unearthedinYinqueMountain,Linyi,Shandongin1972.Theslipsaredatedbacktothe2ndcenturyBC09/09/2012◆

Well-knownChinesemedicinepractitioner◆

FatherofChinesemedicine◆

"FiveAnimalsPlay",aqigongpracticesystemimitatinganimalmovementsandmanners(Han,2003,p.264)

HuaTuoElementsofChinesemartialarts

◆Training:◆

Basics◆

Forms◆

Applications◆

Weapons.TrainingMostChinesemartialartsemphasize◆

Philosophy◆

Ethics◆

Medicalpractice◆

InsightintoChineseattitudesandcultureTrainingComponentsofBasictraining:◆

Basictechniques◆

Conditioningexercises,stancesandsimplemovements◆

Stretching,meditation,striking,throwingandjumpingTraining◆

Externaltraining:trainingofthehands,theeyes,thebodyandstances.◆

Internaltraining:trainingoftheheart,thespirit,themind,breathingandstrength.◆Bothmustbepracticedtogether.InternalTraining&ExternalTraining:◆

AnextremelyimportantpartofChinesemartialarts◆

Thhefoundationsofalltechniquesandmovement◆

PropertrainingofstancesiscrucialStancetrainingBowStancebytheauthor’sfatherDropstancebytheauthor’sfather◆

Anindispensablecomponentofbasictraining◆

Abasisforqigongtraining◆

Improvesmentalclarityandtheabilitytofocus

MeditationTheUseofQi◆

Innerenergyorvitalenergyexistingandcirculatingthroughthebody◆

Qienergyispolar—

apositivesideandanegativesidetwosidesinbalance●enhancetheinternalabilities●

controlvitalenergy●

circulateQienergythroughoutthebody●

cleanse,strengthen,andcirculateQi

Qigong◆

Goalofmedicalqigong:restorethebalancebetweenthetwoopposingsidesusingqiQigong◆

Dimmak(點脈):concentratingqiintoasinglepointwhenattackingandaimingitatspecificareasofthehumanbody◆

Precededbytraininginthebasics,formsandapplications◆

Thesamerequirementsforfootworkandbodycoordinationasthebasics◆

AnaturalextensionofthebodyWeaponTraining18armsofChinesemartialarts10/09/201210/09/2012adouble-edgedstraightswordusedduringthelast2,500yearsinChinaJian劍10/09/2012Dao刀◆

Single-edgedChineseswords◆

Primarilyforslashingandchopping◆

Broadsword◆

WidebladesB10/09/2012Qiang槍◆Chinesetermforspear◆

Manyvariationsonthepre-modernChinesebattlefield◆

Thetassel:blurringvisionoftheopponent

10/09/2012Staff棍（Gun）AlongChinesestaffweaponusedinChinesemartialartsGrandfatherofallWeaponsOneofthefourmajorweapons,alongwiththeqiang(spear),dao(sabre),andthejian(sword)Gun(staff)eventatthe10thAllChinaGames10/09/2012EmeiDaggers(EmeiPiercers)◆

Pairofmetalrodswithsharpendsforstabbing◆

Mountedonadetachableringwornonthemiddlefinger◆

Spin◆

Subtle&easytoconcealApairofEmeipiercersoremeiciinasoftcaseforcarrying

10/09/2012ClassificationofChineseWushuItisnoteasytocategorizeChinesemartialartsduetothesheernumberandvarietyofstylesexistinginChina.ClassificationofChineseWushuClassifiedaccordingtooneofthefollowingthreemethods:InternalorExternalstylesSouthernorNorthernstyles"Shaolin"or"Wudang"or"Emei"

ClassificationofChineseWushuExternalkungfuexercisesthetendons,thebones,themuscles,theskinandalltheotherpartsofthephysicalbody.ClassificationofChineseWushuInternalkungfuhelpstrainthespirit,

theQi(vitalenergy)andthemindClassificationofChineseWushu◆

externaltraining:strongandsupplebody◆

internaltraining:adjustthebodyandthemind;strengthentheinternalorgans,andboostthecirculationofone'sQiClassificationofChineseWushuAcommonsayingconcerningChinesemartialarts:"PracticingboxingwithoutpracticingQigongwillcometonothing."ClassificationofChineseWushuClassificationaccordingtolocation:Thestylesoriginatedin◆

Beiquan(northernstyles)◆

Nanquan(Northernstyles)Classificationaccordingtoprovinceorcity

ClassificationofChineseWushuthenorthernstyles:◆

fastandpowerfulkicks◆

highjumps◆

fluidandrapidmovementAnoticeabledifferencebetweennorthernandsouthernstylesisapparent.ClassificationofChineseWushuAnoticeabledifferencebetweennorthernandsouthernstylesisapparentthesouthernstyles:◆

strongarmandhandtechniques◆

stable,immovablestances◆

fastfootworkClassificationofChineseWushuClassificationbasedon:◆

religion,◆

imitativestyles,◆

familystylesClassificationofChineseWushuLongFist(ChangQuan)◆

anorthernstyle◆

taughtinnorthernChina◆

acrobaticsandagilekickingtechniques◆

anexternalstyle◆

externalphysicalqualitiessuchasspeed,strengthandstamina

ClassificationofChineseWushuLongFist(ChangQuan)◆

veryaggressive◆

preemptiveswarmingattacks◆

attacksdoneatlongrange◆

thelegorarmfullyextended◆

particularlysuitableforyoungpeople(XieandOuyang,2005,p.36)

ClassificationofChineseWushuSouthernFist(NanQuan)◆

mainlytaughtinsouthernChina◆

stancesnamedafteranimals:theButterflystanceandtheRidingLionstance◆

precedencetouppercutswhenfightingatclosedistancesClassificationofChineseWushuSouthernFist(NanQuan)◆

agilemovement◆

low,stablestances◆

relativelyfewkicks(Qiu,2007,p.97)ClassificationofChineseWushuMonkeyStyle(HouQuan)◆

animitativestyleimitatingthemovementsofamonkey◆

quickhands,lowfastjumps,fastkicksandstrikes◆

exaggerated◆

difficulttoanticipateClassificationofChineseWushuMonkeyStyle(HouQuan)◆

alotofrunning◆

nervouslylookingaround◆

rolling◆

kicking◆

punchingtothegroinareaoftheopponentShaolinKungFu10/09/2012ShaolinKungFuShaolinKungFureferstotheChinesemartialartsstylesthatstartedwithandcontinuetobetiedtotheShaolinTemple,thehomeofChinesemartialarts.

ShaolinKungFu★oneofChina'smostfamousancienttemples★builtduringtheNorthernWeiDynastyinthe19thcalendaryearofthereignofEmperorTaihe(495)(Qiu,

2008,p.112)W10/09/2012ShaolinKungFu★13warriormonkshelpedtheTangemperorrescuehisson★

the"SupremeTemple"inChina★

exchangesbetweentheimperialcourt,armies,andtheShaolinmonks(Han,2003,p.264)ShaolinKungFu◆

72hand-combatartsofShaolin

◆

36externalexercises◆

36internalexercises◆

relatedtoQigong.ShaolinKungFu◆

patriarchalclansystemtraditionaltoShaolinTemple◆

ShaolinKungFuistransmittedfrommasterstodisciplesShaolinKungFu★specialorganizationsforimpartingShaolinKungFuinmorethan10countries★peoplefrommorethan30countriesandregionstotheTemple★visitedmanycountriesforculturalexchangesinKungFu

Atreeusedbythemonkstopracticefinger-punchingonwithintheShaolinMonasteryW10/09/2012ShaolinKungFu◆combinesthebone-strengtheningpracticeandtheinternalpractice◆

integratesthebody,themind,andtheQi◆

ChanmeditationShaolinTwin-FingerKungFuShaolinKungFuShaolinGoldenBell◆

defensiverigidQigong◆

PractitionerscanstandkickingboxingstrikesofsticksShaolinKungFuShaolinArhatBattleArrayaruleintheShaolinTemple:ifapersonwholearnedShaolinmartialartswantstoleavethetemple,hemustoutfightthemonkswhokeepthegate(“Fightatthegateofthemountain”).ShaolinKungFu◆oneofthemostprizedstylesintheShaolinTemple◆taughtonlytoShaolinwarriormonks◆acomprehensiveroutineofhandtechniques,footwork,andkickingtechniques◆foradvancedShaolinmartialartslearners

DaHongQuanShaolinKungFu◆

afundamentalexerciseforlearningShaolinkungfu◆

LearningShaolinkungfustartswithlearningXiaoHongQuanXiaoHongQuan(LittleRedFist)ShaolinKungFu◆

Almostallofthemartialmanuscriptswerelostinthefireof1928whichlastedover40days.◆

ThetrainingmanualsforXiaoHongandDaHongsurvived.ShaolinKungFu◆

oneoftheoldestandmostimportantstylesinShaolin◆

createdbymonksbyobservingandimitatingtheformsandexpressionsofArhatStatuesintheShaolintempleShaolinLuohanQuan(ArhatBoxing)ShaolinKungFu◆

108simpleandstraightmovementsresemblingtheexpressionsoftheArhatStatues◆

attackshiddenthroughthemovementsofArhatformsShaolinLuohanQuan(ArhatBoxing)WudangKungFu◆oneofthekeyschoolsofChinesemartialarts◆

relatedtoTaoism◆

startedbyZhangSanfeng◆

combiningtheessenceofIChing(易經)andTaoTeChing(道德經)withmartialartsWudangKungFu◆

emphasizing

martialspiritoverstrength◆

leveringatonofweightwithfourouncesofforce◆

lettingflexibilitycontrolhardnessWudangKungFu◆

slowflowingconnectingmovements◆

explosivestrikes◆

rhythmicflowinggraceWudangKungFu◆

morefordefensethanattack◆

prolonginglife◆

helpingcureandpreventdiseases◆

boostingintelligence.WudangKungFu◆

internalcultivation

&

thestrengtheningofbonesandmuscles◆

theuseofsoftnesstodefeattherigid◆

hardtodefeatWudangKungFu◆

aninternalstyle◆

buildinginternalstrengththroughbreathingandmentalfocus◆

TaijiQuan,XingyiQuan,BaguaZhang,BajiQuanandWudangSword.WudangKungFuBaguaZhang◆

Meaning:"eighttrigrampalm"◆oneofthethreemainChinesemartialartsoftheWudangschool◆

aninternalpracticeWudangKungFuBaguaZhang◆characteristicmethodofstanceandmovementtraining:circlewalking/turningthecircle◆

ForallformsofBaguaZhang,circlewalkingisanintegralpartoftrainingWudangKungFuBaguaZhang◆

neitherapurelystrikingnorapurelygrapplingmartialart◆flowinandoutofthewayofobjects

◆

fightmultipleattackers◆

movingbehindanattacker◆

efficiencyandeconomyofmovemen