1、初一英語介詞專練介詞又叫前置詞，是一種虛詞。介詞分為三種，一種是簡單介詞，如at, in, on, beside, to , for等；另一種是短語介詞，即由兩個以上的詞組組成的短語，如in front of, because of, out of, instead of等；還有一種叫二重介詞，如until after, from behind等。（一）介詞的句法功能介詞不能獨立在句中做成份，介詞后必須與名詞、代詞、或動名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語在句中充當(dāng)一個成份，表示人、物、事件等與其它人、物、事件等之間的關(guān)系。1 、作定語： The book on the table is mine.2 、作狀語：

2、 We have breakfast at seven.（表時間）；3 、作表語： My dictionary is in the bag.4 、作賓語補足語：I found him in the office.（二）主要介詞區(qū)別1 、表示時間的at, in, on： at 表示片刻的時間，如：at 8 o'clock，常用詞組有： at noon, at night, , in表示一段的時間， 如：in the morning, in the afternoon, on總是跟日子有關(guān)，on Monday, on Christmas 2、表示時間的 since和 from ： sinc

3、e 表示從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時間的過程，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。from 表示從時間的某一點開始，不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。一般多與現(xiàn)在時、過去時、將來時連用。如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We hav e not seen each other since 1995.3 、表示時間的in 和 after ：兩者都表示 "在（某個時間）之后，區(qū)別在于 in 表示 "在（一段時間） 之后 "，而 after則表示 "在（某一具體時間點之后）"， in 短語和將來時態(tài)連用， after 短語和過去時

4、態(tài)或?qū)頃r態(tài)連用。如：We'll be back in three days./ After seven the rain be gan to fall.注意： after 有時也可以表示在一段時間之后（常用在過去時里） 。如： After two months he returned.4 、表示地理位置的in, on, to： in 表示在某范圍內(nèi)，on 指與什么毗鄰，to 指在某環(huán)境范圍之外。如：Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the e

5、ast of China.5 、表示 " 在 上 " 的 on 和 in ：on 只表示在某物的表面上，而用in 表示占去某物一部分。如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an i nterestin-g article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.6 、表示 " 穿過 "的 through和 across ： through表示從內(nèi)部通過，與 in 有關(guān)； across 則表示從一端至另一端在表面上的通過，與on 有關(guān)。如： W

6、ater flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.7 、 in the corner, on the corner, at the corner：in the corner表示在角落里，in 指角的內(nèi)面 ；on the corner表示 " 在角上 " ，on 指的不是內(nèi)面，也不是外面，而含內(nèi)外兼有之意；at the corner指 "在拐角處 "， at 指的是拐角外附近的外面。如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./

7、I met wit h him at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of the table.8 、 in the end, at the end of, by the end of：in the end作"最后 "、 "終于 "解，可單獨使用，后不接介詞 of； at the end of表示 "在末梢 "， "到 盡頭 " ，既可指時間，也可以指地上或物體。不可單獨使用； by the end of 作 "在 結(jié)束時 "，" 到末

8、為止 "解，只能指時間。不可單獨使用。如：In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the en d of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decid ed to have an English evening at the end of this wee k./ by the end of last month he had finished the nove l.9 、表示 " 關(guān)于 " 的 about和 on ：兩者都有 "關(guān)于 "的意

9、思，不過前者為一般用詞，而后者為較正式的"論述 "。如：He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science.10 、 between, among：一般說來，between 表示兩者之間， among 用于三者或三者以上的中間。如：You are to sit between your father and me./ He is al ways happy among his classmates.注意：但有時說的雖然是三個以上的人或東西，如果強調(diào)的是兩兩相互間接關(guān)系，適用于be

10、tween 。如：Agreements-were made between the different countries.在談到一些事物或一組事物，而把它們視為分居兩邊時用between 。如：The little valley lies between high mountains.。在談事物間的差別時，總是用between 。如：They don't know the difference-be tween wheat, oats and barley.11 、besides, except, but, except for：besides指 "除了還有，再加上&quo

11、t; 。如：All went out besides me.；except 指 "除了，減去什么" ，不能放在句首。 如：All went out except me.；but 與except 意思近似，表示"除了外 " 經(jīng)常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑問詞后面。如：I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.； except for表示 "如無就，只是 "表明理由細(xì)節(jié)。如：His diary is good exce

12、pt for a few spelling mistakes.12 、表示 " 用 " 的 in 和 with ：表示工具的 " 用 " ，用 with ，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、單位、語言、聲音等的 " 用 " ，用 in 。如：He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter i n pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text i n a loud voice./ Tell me the story in E

13、nglish.13 、 in charge of和 in the charge of：兩者都表示 "由誰負(fù)責(zé)、照顧、管理" 。 區(qū)別在于： in charge of后接被照管的人或物，而 in the charge of后面則跟照管的人。如：Who is in charge of the project?/ The project is in the charge of an engineer.。14 、 as, like ： as 作 " 作為 " 、 " 以地位或身份 " 解。如：Let me speak to you as a

14、father.（事實是父親） ；like 作 " 象一樣 " 解。如：Let me speak to you like a father.（事實上不是父親） 。15 、 in front of和 in the front of：in front of = before，是 " 在前面 " 的意思（不在某物內(nèi)）； in the front of則是 " 在前部 " 的意思（在某物內(nèi)） 。如：There is a desk in front of the blackboard-./ The boy sat in the front of

15、the car.。16 、 in, into ： into 表示動向，不表示目的地或位置。如： We walked into the park.；in 通常表示位置。如：We walked in the park； in 和drop, fall, put, throw, break等終止性動詞連用時，也可以表示動向。如：I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.我把硬幣放進(jìn)衣袋。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音機(jī)、農(nóng)場、值日on ，關(guān)于、基礎(chǔ)、靠、著論。著、罷、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，準(zhǔn)。特定時日和 " 一就 "

16、， on 后常接動名詞。年、月、日加早、午、晚，of 之前 on 代 in。步行、驢、馬、玩笑on ，cab ， carriage 則用 in。at 山腳、門口、在當(dāng)前，速、溫、日落、價、核心。工具、和、同隨with ，具有、獨立、就、原因。就來說賓譯主，對、有、方狀、表細(xì)分。海、陸、空、車、偶、被 by ，單數(shù)、人類 know to man 。this 、that 、 tomorrow ， yesterday ，next 、 last 、 one 。接年、月、季、星期、周，介詞省略已習(xí)慣。over 、under 正上下， above 、 below 則不然，若與數(shù)量詞連用，混合使用亦無關(guān)。&

17、#39;beyond 超出、無、不能，against 靠著，對與反。besides ， except 分內(nèi)外， among 之內(nèi) along 沿。同類比較except ，加 for 異類記心間。原狀 because of, 、 owing to 、 due to 表語形容詞under 后接修、建中，of 、from 物、化分。before 、after 表一點 , ago 、later 表一段。before 能接完成時， ago 過去極有限。since 以來 during 間， since 時態(tài)多變換。與之相比beside ，除了 last but one 。復(fù)不定 for 、找、價、原，對、

18、給、段、去、為、作、贊。快到、對、向towards ，工、學(xué)、軍、城、北、上、南。but for 否定用虛擬，復(fù)合介詞待后言。ing 型由于鑒，除了除外與包合。之后、關(guān)于、在. 方面，有關(guān)介詞須記全。in 內(nèi) to 外表位置，山、水、國界to 在前。練習(xí)（一）、介詞1. The teacher is writing _ a piece of chalk on th e blackboard-while the students are writing _ink in exercise books. A. with, in B. in, with C. in, in D. with, wit h

19、2. The worker can make chairs _ wood, and also can make paper _ wood.A. from, ofB. of, fromC. of. ofD. from,from3. Mary dropped in _ Mr Smith, but he wasn' t a t home, so she went to drop in _ Mr Smith's office. A. on, onB. at, atC. on. atD. at.on4. The teacher is not only strict _ his pupil

20、s but a lso strict _ his own work.A. with, withB.in,inC. in, with D. with, in5. His grandfather died _ the wound that the ene my soldier had given him .and then his grand-mother died _ hungry and cold.A.from,of B.of,from C.from,from D.of.of6. If you run _ two hares you will catch neither. A.intoB.af

21、ter C.off D. out of7. This is a common mistake _ students. A. betweenB.overC. among D. about8. My father began to work _ a bus driver when he was twenty years old.A.forB.toC.atD.as9. _ hearing the news, I was wild _ joy. A. At, in B. On, with C. After, by D. /, over10.I don' t think Xiao Li is _

22、 the other students _ mathematics.A. after, on B. after, with C. behind, in D. behind, at11. Nobody knows it _ me. A. except forB. except thatC. besidesD. but12. The window is never opened _ in summer.A. butB. except C. except for D. but for13. It happened _ the Long March. A. duringB.inC.atD.for14.

23、 We go to school _ a bike. A.inB.onC.byD.ove15. It's very kind_ you to repair the bike _ me.A.for.forB.of,ofC.of,forD.for,of16. Fresh air is good _ your health.A.atB.forC.ofD.to17.The boy is waiting _ his sister and they will goto the hospital to wait _ their sick mother.A.for,onB.on,forC.for,fo

24、rD.on.on18.The group is made up_five-students. And they are studying hard to make up_ the lost time.A.of,ofB.for,forC.of,forD.for,of19.The PLA man saved the boy _ death.A. ofB.fromC.toD.on20.He will come _ three days.A.before B.afterC. inD. later21.He went to Beijing and returned _ three days.A. inB

25、. before C. laterD. after22.He will return_three o'clock.A.afterB.inC.onD.at23.He wrote the article _ three days.A.atB.inC.onD.by24.I agree _ what you said.A.toB.onC.withD.at25. Do you agree_ this plan (arrangement)? A.at B.with C.on D.to26. Finally they agreed _ the terms of the contra ct. A.on

26、 B.to C.with D.at27. Do you often hear_ your brother?A. ofB. fromC. out ofD. about28.1 heard _ the book long ago, but I have never read it.A. outB.fromC.ofD.with29. The plane flew _ the city.A. acrossB.pastC. throughD.over30. We walked _ the Tian An Men Square to the Museum of Chinese History.A. acr

27、ossB. throughC.byD.past31.I was wandering _ the streets when I caughtsight of a tailor's shop.A. acrossB. through C.byD.past32.Our bus drove _ the Great Hall of the People.A. acrossB. through C. pastD.over33. _ the sun, nothing would grow.A. ForB.With C. UnderD. Without34.The teacher is busy _ t

28、eaching.A.withB.forC.onD.of35.The teacher is busy _ correcting papers.A. forB.inC.onD.of36.We left Xi' an _._ a very hot summer afternoon.A. onB.inC. duringD.by37.She felt disappoint-ed when she found out they had gone swimming_-_ her.A. butB. exceptC. except forD. without38. His teacher was ang

29、ry _ him _ his being late.A.at,withB.at,forC.with,forD.with,about39. My father was disappointed _ the news.A. byB. aboutC. atD. on40. Mr Wang went to Nanjing _ October,1998 an d came back home _ the morning of Nov. 5.A.at;inB.on;atC.in;onD.by;from41 .My uncle lives _ 105 Huanghe Street. His room is

30、_ the fifth floor.A.at;onB.td;atC.on;inD.of;to42. I don't think you can work out the maths problem_ the teacher's help.A. sinceB. unlessC. because D. without43. He is running _ the wind towards the east of the station _ Tom is running _ the right.A. down; and; on B. against; while; on C.for;

31、with;in D. with; while; to44. In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck _ the beauty of nature that he stayed _ another night.A.at;onB.with;atC.for;inD.by;for45. Many people are still _ the habit of writing sill y things _ public places.A.at;atB.in;inC.into;ofD.during;at46. - Do you go there _ bus? - No, we go there_ a train.A. in; onB.on;onC.by;inD.by; with47. I made the coat _ my own hands. It was mad e _ hand, not with a machine.A. in; inB.in; with C. with; by D. with; with48. The trees _ front of the house are _ the charge of Old Li.A. in; i